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Preparing Your Site

Preparing Your Site

This chapter describes requirements and considerations related to the installation site and contains the following sections:


Note   Refer to the Cisco ICS 7750 Hardware Installation Guide for complete installation instructions.

Placement Recommendations

Before you begin to set up and cable your new system, refer to these guidelines:

Cooling the Enclosure

It is essential to properly cool all of the equipment used in a rack-mounted system. The components of the system require an input air temperature below 40ºC (104ºF).

Four internal, DC-powered fans cool the system's drives, cards, and power supplies in the front of the chassis. The fans are housed in a front-accessible fan tray.

To ensure adequate cooling:

Weight Distribution Within a Rack

To avoid hazards associated with uneven mechanical loading of the rack, plan your installation so that the weight of the equipment is evenly distributed in the rack. Where possible (within the limitations of equipment and cabling), mount the heaviest units near the bottom of the rack.

Floor Loading Considerations

The floor of the equipment room (the room where you intend to install the system) must support the combined weight of the system and all of the other equipment located in the equipment room. Consider the following information when choosing flooring:

Power and Grounding Requirements

A correctly installed electrical system helps ensure personnel safety and reliable performance. This section provides an overview of the system's power and grounding requirements.

Power for the rack system must come from a dedicated circuit breaker. Do not plug any other electrical device into an outlet connected to the circuit breaker serving the rack equipment.


Caution Data loss can occur if the circuit is overloaded and the circuit breaker trips.

Circuit Breakers and Receptacles

Make sure circuit breakers furnishing power to the system are the correct size to protect the system. Verify that all receptacles are wired for 3-wire power distribution (hot, neutral, and ground).

All power receptacles servicing any equipment that is directly cable-connected to the system must have a single, common grounding point. The unshielded (ground) wire must be at true ground potential with a resistance (measured at the power panel bus) of 5 ohms or less between the bus bar and earth.

Power Circuit Protection

Power disruptions occur for a number of reasons, including faulty wiring, acts of nature, and power company outages. You need to plan your system installation so that equipment is protected from three types of power problems:

Power Protection Guidelines

Consider the following guidelines when planning for and installing electrical equipment:


Note   For additional information about backup power, see "Redundant Power" later in this chapter. For information about installing and using backup power systems with the Cisco ICS 7750, refer to the Cisco ICS 7750 Hardware Installation Guide, the User's Manual APC Smart-UPS, and the Cisco Redundant Power System 300 Hardware Installation Guide.


Caution Surge suppressors and transient suppressors can result in system damage from transients. Do not use surge suppressors or transient suppressors without careful and expert power system analysis.

Redundant Power

Because power problems can vary in scale, careful planning is required to protect your system. Simple power problems include dislodged power cords, tripped circuit breakers, and local power supply failures.


Note   You can take precautions against problems such as dislodged power cords, but these fall outside the scope of this publication. This section focuses on issues related to planning for large power outages.

General power outages are usually more common than failures in a particular device's power system. Because some network topologies place key network applications in a centralized, corporate location, a large-scale power failure could result in lost revenue for every minute your network is down—particularly if your network carries voice and data traffic.

If power fails at a remote site, all connections to that remote site will be terminated unless otherwise protected. Generally, power failures in a remote office are more serious when network services are widely distributed. To protect against such failures, consider connecting one power system to the local power grid and the other to a UPS.

You can minimize the effect of local power failures with prudent network planning. Wherever possible, deploy redundant components so that they use power supplied by different circuits and are physically separated. For example, if you deploy redundant routers, position these routers in wiring closets on different floors. (See Figure 2-1.) By stationing redundant components in this way, you can prevent local wiring closet power problems from affecting the capability of all stations on a given floor to communicate.


Figure 2-1: Redundant Components on Different Floors



Note   To protect against local and site-wide power outages, some companies negotiate agreements with local power providers that give their company access to multiple power grids. Failure within one power grid does not affect the network if all critical components have access to multiple power grids. However, this arrangement is very expensive—you should only consider it if your organization has substantial resources, extremely mission-critical operations, and a relatively high likelihood of power failures.

Grounding the Chassis

When rack-mounting, mount the chassis with the supplied bolts to ensure that there is a good electrical connection between the bolts and the mounting surface.


Note   The chassis must be at earth ground (grounded through a copper rod or pipe driven into the earth). Earth grounding is important because it protects the system from lightning and static and establishes a zero voltage reference.


Caution Failure to observe proper grounding practices can result in noise, electrostatic discharge, and radio frequency interference (RFI) problems.

Environmental Requirements

The physical environment during storage, transport, and operation of the Cisco ICS 7750 must meet the requirements shown in Table 2-1.


Table 2-1: Cisco ICS 7750 Chassis Environmental Requirements
Factor Requirement

Operating temperature range

32ºF to 104ºF (0ºC to 40ºC)

Nonoperating temperature range

-4 to 149ºF (-20 to 65ºC)

Operating humidity

10 to 85% relative humidity (noncondensing)

Nonoperating humidity

5 to 95% relative humidity (noncondensing)

Operating altitude

Up to 10,000 ft (3,000 m)

Nonoperating altitude

Up to 15,000 ft (4570 m)

Air quality

A noncorrosive, relatively dust-free environment

Do not store the system in an area subject to extreme variations in temperature or humidity. Extremely high and low temperatures can degrade system reliability. Low humidity can increase static electricity build-up, and high humidity can affect the performance of disks and printers.

Table 2-2 lists the maximum power consumption and heat dissipation for the operating ranges listed in Table 2-1.


Table 2-2: Maximum Power Consumption and Heat Dissipation
Factor Value

Power consumption

Up to 450W

Heat dissipation

Up to 400W

Input voltage, AC power supply

100 to 240 VAC

Frequency

50 to 60 Hz

Other Environmental Factors

In addition to temperature and humidity, the following environmental factors must be controlled in the area where the system is installed:

Safety Requirements and Recommendations

Properly installing sprinkler heads, fire and smoke sensing devices, and other fire-extinguishing equipment requires expertise. During the planning stage, consult local codes, experts, insurance underwriters, and local building authorities. Regularly check services such as steam, water, and power and inspect pipes for excess condensation, leaks, or corrosion.

Observe the following general safety recommendations when installing and maintaining the Cisco ICS 7750:


Note   Refer to the Cisco ICS 7750 Hardware Installation Guide for comprehensive safety guidelines related to the installation and maintenance of the system.

Lifting the Chassis

Follow these safety guidelines:


Warning Two people are required to lift the chassis. Grasp the chassis underneath the lower edge and lift with both hands. To prevent injury, keep your back straight and lift with your legs, not your back. To prevent damage to the chassis and components, never attempt to lift the chassis with the handles on the power supplies or on the interface processors, or by the plastic panels on the front of the chassis. These handles were not designed to support the weight of the chassis.

Waarschuwing

Er zijn twee mensen nodig om het frame op te tillen. Het frame dient onder de onderste rand vastgegrepen en met beide handen omhooggetild te worden. Om te voorkomen dat u letsel oploopt, dient u uw rug recht te houden en met behulp van uw benen, niet uw rug, te tillen. Om schade aan het frame en de onderdelen te voorkomen, mag u nooit proberen om het frame op te tillen aan de handvatten op de voedingen of op de interface-processors of aan de kunststof panelen aan de voorkant van het frame. Deze handvatten zijn niet ontworpen om het gewicht van het frame te dragen.

Varoitus

Asennuspohjan nostamiseen tarvitaan kaksi henkilöä. Ota ote asennuspohjan alareunasta ja nosta molemmin käsin. Pitäen selkäsi suorana nosta jalkojen (ei selän) avulla, jotta välttäisit loukkaantumista. Älä yritä nostaa asennuspohjaa virtalähteen tai liitäntäprosessorin kahvoista tai asennuspohjan etuosan muovipaneeleista, jotta estät asennuspohjan ja rakenneosien vaurioitumisen. Näitä kahvoja ei ole suunniteltu kestämään asennuspohjan painoa.

Attention

l faut deux personnes pour soulever le châssis. Le saisir par son rebord inférieur et soulever des deux mains. Pour éviter tout trauma de la région lombaire, garder le dos droit et soulever la charge en redressant les jambes. Pour éviter d'endommager le châssis et ses composants, ne jamais tenter de le soulever par les poignées des blocs d'alimentation ou des processeurs d'interface, ni par les panneaux en plastique à l'avant du châssis. Ces poignées ne sont pas prévues pour supporter le poids du châssis.

Warnung

Zum Anheben des Chassis werden zwei Personen benötigt. Fassen Sie das Chassis unterhalb der unteren Kante an und heben es mit beiden Händen an. Um Verletzungen zu vermeiden, ist der Rücken aufrecht zu halten und das Gewicht mit den Beinen, nicht mit dem Rücken, anzuheben. Um Schäden an Chassis und Bauteilen zu vermeiden, heben Sie das Chassis nie an den Kunststoffabdeckungen vorne am Chassis oder mit den Griffen am Netzgerät oder an den Schnittstellenprozessoren an. Diese Griffe sind nicht so konstruiert, daß sie das Gewicht des Chassis tragen könnten.

Avvertenza

Il telaio va sollevato da due persone. Afferrare il telaio al di sotto del bordo inferiore e sollevare con entrambe le mani. Per evitare infortuni, mantenere la schiena diritta e sollevare il peso con le gambe, non con la schiena. Per evitare danni al telaio ed ai componenti, non provare mai a sollevare il telaio tramite le maniglie sugli alimentatori o sui processori di interfaccia oppure tramite i pannelli in plastica sulla parte anteriore del telaio. Queste maniglie non sono state progettate per sostenere il peso del telaio.

Advarsel

Det er nødvendig med to personer for å løfte kabinettet. Ta tak i kabinettet under den nedre kanten, og løft med begge hender. Unngå personskade ved å holde ryggen rett og løfte med bena, ikke ryggen. Unngå skade på kabinettet og komponentene ved å aldri prøve å løfte kabinettet etter håndtakene på strømforsyningsenhetene, grensesnittprosessorene eller i plastpanelene foran på kabinettet. Disse håndtakene er ikke beregnet på å tåle vekten av kabinettet.

Aviso

São necessárias duas pessoas para levantar o chassis. Agarre o chassis imediatamente abaixo da margem inferior, e levante-o com ambas as mãos. Para evitar lesões, mantenha as suas costas direitas e levante o peso com ambas as pernas, sem forçar as costas. Para prevenir danos no chassis e nos seus componentes, nunca tente levantá-lo pelas asas das unidades abastecedoras de energia, nem pelos processadores de interface, ou pelos painéis plásticos localizados na frente do chassis. Estas asas não foram criadas para suportar o peso do chassis.

¡Advertencia!

Se necesitan dos personas para levantar el chasis. Sujete el chasis con las dos manos por debajo del borde inferior y levántelo. Para evitar lesiones, mantenga la espalda recta y levántelo con la fuerza de las piernas y no de la espalda. Para evitar daños al chasis y a sus componentes, no intente nunca levantar el chasis por las asas de las fuentes de alimentación o de los procesadores de interfase, ni por los paneles de plástico situados en el frontal del chasis. Las asas no han sido diseñadas para soportar el peso del chasis.

Varning!

Det krävs två personer för att lyfta chassit. Fatta tag i chassit under den nedre kanten och lyft med båda händerna. För att undvika skador skall du hålla ryggen rak och lyfta med benen, inte ryggen. Chassit och delarna kan skadas om du försöker lyfta chassit i handtagen på strömförsörjningsenheterna eller gränssnittsprocessorerna, eller i plastpanelerna på chassits framsida. Handtagen är inte konstruerade för att hålla chassits tyngd.

Ensuring Safety with Electricity

Follow these safety guidelines when working with any electrical equipment:

In addition, follow these guidelines when working with any equipment that is disconnected from a power source but still connected to telephone wiring or other network cabling:

Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) results from static discharge buildup on nonconductive surfaces when contact between the two surfaces is broken. A simple shock could be rated as high 35,000 volts (V). ESD as low as 100V can damage ESD-sensitive electronic equipment.

ESD damage, which occurs when electronic cards or components are handled improperly, can result in complete or intermittent failures. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and connectors are integral components of the user-replaceable cards for the Cisco ICS 7750.

Follow these guidelines to prevent ESD damage:


Warning When handling a card, wear grounding wrist straps to avoid ESD damage to the card.


Caution To prevent electrical shock, do not directly touch the backplane with your hand or any metal tool.


Caution For safety, periodically check the resistance value of the antistatic strap. The measurement should be between 1 and 10 megohms (Mohm).

Cabling Guidelines

This section summarizes important considerations for planning the installation of power cords and cables.

Power Cords and Cables

The system chassis has two detachable AC power cords that you can plug in at the wall socket and the equipment. Place the chassis within 6 ft of the electric receptacle.


Caution Do not use extension cords to hook the system or any of its associated components to a power source. Extension cords are intended for use only with low-voltage appliances. Use of extension cords with the system can result in equipment or property damage.

The Cisco ICS 7750 chassis, console, and some other peripherals use shielded cables. You can successfully use shielded cables for communication over extended distances. However, reliable communication over cables longer than 50 ft depends on electrical noise, correct ground potentials at termination points, and other variables.

Characterizing Existing Cables

Understanding and documenting the installed cable in your facility can assist you with planning for network scalability and availability and can also help you identify potential problems with your network.

While exploring the cabling design, consider the following issues:

Planning for Cable Installation

When planning cable installation, follow these guidelines:


Caution To avoid damaging equipment or components during cabling, unplug all other devices in the system before you begin with the installation of any additional units.

Determining Cabling Distances

The size of your network and the distances between network interface connections depend in part on the following factors:

The distance and rate limits referenced in the following sections are the IEEE-recommended maximum speeds and distances for signaling purposes. You should use this information as a guideline in planning your network connections.

Setting Up Ethernet and Fast Ethernet Connections

The maximum distances for Ethernet and Fast Ethernet network segments and connections depend on the type of transmission cable being used. The terms 10BaseT and 100BaseT are standard abbreviations for the following:

Table 2-3 shows the maximum transmission distances between stations for Ethernet and Fast Ethernet connections.


Table 2-3: Ethernet and Fast Ethernet Maximum Transmission Distances
Transceiver Speed Cable Type Transmission Mode Maximum Distance Between Stations

10 Mbps

Category 3

Full and half duplex

328 ft (100 m)

100 Mbps

Category 5

Full and half duplex

328 ft (100 m)


Note   If you intend to lay new cable, we recommend that you use Category 5 (100BaseT) or faster media that can continue to meet your organization's bandwidth requirements as they grow.

Setting Up Fiber-Optic Connections

There are two main types of fiber-optic cable:

The specifications for two of the most common types of single-mode, fiber-optic cable are shown in Table 2-4.


Table 2-4: Single-Mode Fiber-Optic Transmission Characteristics
Fiber Type Throughput Transmitter Output Power Receiver Sensitivity Maximum Span

OC-3

155.52 Mbps

-14 to -8 dBm

-32.5 to -8 dBm

9 mi (14.5 km)

OC-12

622.08 Mbps

-15 to -8 dBm

-28 to -8 dBm

9 mi (14.5 km)

Setting Up Serial Connections

Serial signals travel a limited distance at any given baud rate—the slower the baud rate, the greater the distance that the signal can travel over the connection.

Table 2-5 shows the relationship between baud rate and distance for signals traveling over an Electronic Industries Alliance/Telecommunications Industry Association (EIA/TIA-232) serial connection.


Table 2-5: Baud Rate Versus Transmission Distance
Baud Rate (bps)
Distance (ft)
Distance (m)

2400

200

60

4800

100

30

9600

50

15

19,200

25

7.6

38,400

12

3.7

56,000

8.6

2.6

Wire Routing

To plan wire routing, establish the start and endpoint of each cable relative to the location of the terminal devices in the building, then examine the construction of the building to determine the best wiring routes. Consider the following guidelines when planning wire routing:


Caution Data degradation can occur if wires travel near strong EMI sources. (See "Electromagnetic Interference Considerations" for additional information.)

Termination Points

Cables can terminate at the following locations:


Tips Always keep a record of all termination point information.

Electromagnetic Interference Considerations

As with any electrical or electronic equipment, electromagnetic interference (EMI) can be created by the operation of the equipment and the equipment may be susceptible to EMI.

Protect the equipment against EMI to help ensure correct operation of the system. There should not be any X-ray equipment, hand-held transceivers, or microwave, radio, or television transmitters in the equipment room.

Strong EMI, especially when caused by lightning or nearby radio transmitters, can destroy the cards or other components in the Cisco ICS 7750 and even create an electrical hazard by conducting power surges through power lines into installed equipment.


Note   To prevent or remedy interference problems, you may need to consult electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) experts.

If signal wires exceed recommended cabling distances, or if signal wires pass between buildings, you should give special consideration to the effect that a lightning strike in your vicinity might have on electrical equipment.

The electromagnetic pulse (EMP) generated by lightning or other high-energy phenomena can drive enough energy into conductors to damage or destroy electronic equipment. If you have experienced such problems, you should consult with EMC experts to ensure that you have adequate electrical surge suppression and shielding of signal cables in your Cisco ICS 7750 operating environment.

Site Planning Tasks

Table 2-6 lists the site planning activities that you should perform before you install the Cisco ICS 7750.


Table 2-6: Site Planning Tasks
Task No. Planning Activity Verified By Date Time

1

Space evaluation:

  Space and layout

  Floor covering

  Impact and vibration

  Lighting

  Maintenance access

2

Environmental evaluation:

  Ambient temperature

  Humidity

  Altitude

  Atmospheric contamination

  Airflow

3

Power evaluation:

  Input power type

  Receptacle proximity to the equipment

  Dedicated (separate) circuits for redundant power supplies

  UPS for power failures

4

Grounding evaluation:

  Circuit breaker size

5

Cable and interface equipment evaluation:

  Cable type

  Connector type

  Cable distance limitations

  Interface equipment (transceivers)

6

EMI evaluation:

  Distance limitations for signaling

  Site wiring

  RFI levels


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Posted: Mon Oct 2 13:24:42 PDT 2000
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