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This chapter describes how to configure data-link switching plus (DLSw+), Cisco's implementation of the DLSw standard for Systems Network Architecture (SNA) and NetBIOS devices. For a complete description of the DLSw+ commands mentioned in this chapter, refer to the "DLSw+ Configuration Commands" chapter of the Bridging and IBM Networking Command Reference. To locate documentation of other commands that appear in this chapter, use the command reference master index or search online.
DLSw+ supports local or remote media conversion between LANs and Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) or Qualified Logical Link Control (QLLC). For clarity, the configuration task list below describes configuration in a Token Ring environment. The only differences for SDLC and Ethernet are the specific commands needed to configure those media, plus a media-specific command to associate the interface with DLSw+.
To configure DLSw+, complete the tasks in the following sections:
See the end of this chapter for "DLSw+ Configuration Examples." Media-specific configuration examples for Ethernet and SDLC are also provided. For details of SDLC commands in the sample SDLC configuration, refer to the "LLC2 and SDLC Commands" chapter of the Bridging and IBM Networking Command Reference.
The source-bridge ring can be shared between DLSw+ and Source Route Bridging /Remote Source Route Bridging (SRB/RSRB). In DLSw+, the source-bridge ring group specifies the virtual ring that will appear to be the last ring in the RIF. Because RIFs are terminated at the router, there is no correlation between the ring-group number specified in DLSw+ peers. The numbers can be the same for management simplicity, but they do not have to be. To define a source-bridge ring group for DLSw+, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
source-bridge ring-group ring-group [virtual-mac-address] | Define a ring group. |
Refer to "DLSw+ Using TCP Encapsulation and LLC2 Local AcknowledgmentBasic Configuration Example" for a sample configuration file.
Defining a DLSw+ local peer for a router enables DLSw+. You specify all local DLSw+ parameters as part of the local peer definition. To define a local peer, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw local-peer [peer-id ip-address] [group group] [border] [cost cost] [lf size] [keepalive seconds] [passive] [promiscuous] [ init-pacing-window size] [max-pacing-window size][biu-segment] | Define the DLSw+ local peer. |
Refer to "DLSw+ Using TCP Encapsulation and LLC2 Local AcknowledgmentBasic Configuration Example" for a sample configuration.
To define a ring list, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw ring-list list-number rings ring-number | Define a ring list. |
DLSw+ port lists map traffic on a local interface (either Token Ring or serial) to remote peers. Port lists do not work with Ethernet interfaces, or any other interface types connected to DLSw+ by means of a bridge group. You can create a port list of local ports and apply the list to remote peer definitions. Traffic received from a remote peer is only forwarded to peers if the input port number appears in the port list applied to the remote peer definition. The port list command provides a single command to specify both serial and Token Ring interfaces. Figure 99 shows how port lists are used to map traffic.
The definition of a port list is optional. If you want all peers and all interfaces to receive all traffic, you do not have to define a port list. Simply specify 0 for the list number in the remote peer statement.
To define a port list, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw port-list list-number type number | Define a port list. |
DLSw+ bridge group lists map traffic on the local Ethernet bridge group interface to remote peers. You can create a bridge group list and apply the list to remote peer definitions. Traffic received from a remote peer is only forwarded to the bridge group specified in the bridge group list. Traffic received from a local interface is only forwarded to peers if the input bridge group number appears in the bridge group list applied to the remote peer definition. The definition of a bridge group list is optional. Because each remote peer has a single list number associated with it, if you want traffic to go to a bridge group and to either a ring list or port list, you should specify the same list number in each definition
To define a bridge-group list, use the following command in global configuration mode:.
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw bgroup-list list-number bgroups number | Define a ring list. |
You can define three types of encapsulation on a remote peer by performing the tasks in the following sections:
The configuration commands for each of the encapsulation methods share some optional parameters that permit support for specific features, such as backup peers. There are some command options for Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) encapsulation support features that are not available with other encapsulation types: SNA dial-on-demand routing (DDR) and configured dynamic peers. The configuration combinations for each of the encapsulation methods and features are described in greater detail following the command tables.
To configure TCP encapsulation on a remote peer, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw remote-peer list-number tcp ip-address [backup-peer [ip-address | frame-relay interface serial number dlci-number | interface name]] [bytes-netbios-out bytes-list-name] [cost cost] [dest-mac mac-address] [dmac-output-list access-list-number] [dynamic] [host-netbios-out host-list-name] [keepalive seconds] [lf size] [linger minutes] [lsap-output-list list] [no-llc minutes] [priority] [tcp-queue-max size] [timeout seconds] | Define a TCP encapsulation remote peer. |
Table 7 is a list of valid port numbers used for TCP connections when the priority keyword is used with the dlsw remote-peer command:
| Priority | Port |
|---|---|
High | 2065 |
Medium | 1981 |
Normal | 1982 |
Low | 1983 |
The backup-peer option is common to all encapsulation types (direct, FST, and TCP) on a remote peer and specifies that this remote peer is a backup peer for the router with the specified IP-address, Frame Relay Data-Link Control Identifier (DLCI) number, or interface name. When the primary peer fails, all circuits over this peer are disconnected and the user can start a new session via their backup peer. Prior to Cisco IOS Release 11.2(6)F, you could configure backup peers only for primary FST and TCP.
Also, when you specify the backup-peer option in a dlsw remote-peer tcp command, the backup peer is activated only when the primary peer becomes unreachable. Once the primary peer is reactivated, all new sessions use the primary peer and the backup peer remains active only as long as there are LLC2 connections using it. You can use the linger option to specify a period (in minutes) that the backup peer remains connected after the connection to the primary peer is reestablished. When the linger period expires, the backup peer connection is taken down.
In TCP encapsulation, you can use the keepalive and timeout options to run DLSw+ over a switched line and have the Cisco IOS software take the switched line down dynamically when it is not in use. Utilizing these options gives the IP Routing table more time to converge when a network problem hinders a remote peer connection. In small networks with good IP convergence time and ISDN lines that start quickly, it is not as necessary to use the keepalive option. To use this feature, you must set the keepalive value to zero, and you may need to use a lower value for the timeout option than the default, which is 90 seconds.
In TCP encapsulation, the dynamic option and its suboptions no-llc and inactivity allow you to specify and control the activation of dynamic peers, which are configured peers that are activated only when required. Dynamic peer connections are established only when there is DLSw+ data to send. The dynamic peer connections are taken down when the last LLC2 connection using them terminates and the time period specified in the no-llc option expires. You can also use the inactivity option to take down dynamic peers when the circuits using them are inactive for a specified number of minutes.
The dest-mac and dmac-output-list options allow you to specify filter lists as part of the dlsw remote-peer command to control access to remote peers. For static peers in direct, FST, or TCP encapsulation, these filters control which explorers are sent to remote peers. For dynamic peers in TCP encapsulation, these filters also control the activation of the dynamic peer. For example, you can specify at a branch office that a remote peer is activated only when there is an explorer frame destined for the Media Access Control (MAC) address of an Front-End Processor (FEP).
The dest-mac option permits the connection to be established only when there is an explorer frame destined for the specified MAC address. The dmac-output-list option permits the connection to be established only when the explorer frame passes the specified access list. To permit access to a single MAC address, use the dest-mac option, because it is a configuration "short-cut" compared to the dmac-output-list option.
Refer to "DLSw+ Using TCP Encapsulation and LLC2 Local AcknowledgmentBasic Configuration Example" for a sample configuration.
When you have LANs separated by wide geographic distances, and you want to avoid multiple retransmissions or loss of user sessions that can occur with time delays, encapsulate the source-route bridged traffic inside IP datagrams passed over a TCP connection between two routers with local acknowledgment enabled.
In a typical LLC2 session, when one host sends a frame to another host, the sending host expects the receiving host to respond positively or negatively in a predefined period of time commonly called the T1 time. If the sending host does not receive an acknowledgment of the frame it sent within the T1 time, it retries a few times (normally 8 to 10). If there is still no response, the sending host drops the session.
Figure 100 illustrates an LLC2 session in which a 37x5 on a LAN segment communicates with a 3x74 on a different LAN segment separated via a wide-area backbone network. Frames are transported between Router A and Router B by means of DLSw+. However, the LLC2 session between the 37x5 and the 3x74 is still end-to-end; that is, every frame generated by the 37x5 traverses the backbone network to the 3x74, and the 3x74, on receipt of the frame, acknowledges it.
On backbone networks consisting of slow serial links, the T1 timer on end hosts could expire before the frames reach the remote hosts, causing the end host to retransmit. Retransmission results in duplicate frames reaching the remote host at the same time as the first frame reaches the remote host. Such frame duplication breaks the LLC2 protocol, resulting in the loss of sessions between the two IBM machines.
One way to solve this time delay is to increase the timeout value on the end nodes to account for the maximum transit time between the two end machines. However, in networks consisting of hundreds or even thousands of nodes, every machine would need to be reconfigured with new values. With local acknowledgment for LLC2 enabled, the LLC2 session between the two end nodes would not be not end-to-end, but instead, would terminate at two local routers. Figure 101 shows the LLC2 session with the 37x5 ending at Router A and the LLC2 session with the 3x74 ending at Router B. Both Router A and Router B execute the full LLC2 protocol as part of local acknowledgment for LLC2.
Enabling local acknowledgment for LLC2 has the following advantages:
LLC2 local acknowledgment is enabled with TCP and DLSw+ Lite remote peers.
If the LLC2 session between the local host and the router terminates in either router, the other will be informed to terminate its connection to its local host.
If the TCP queue length of the connection between the two routers reaches the high-water mark, the routers sends Receiver-Not-Ready (RNR) messages to the local hosts until the queue limit is reduced to below this limit. It is possible, however, to prevent the RNR messages from being sent by using the dlsw llc2 nornr command.
The configuration of the LLC2 parameters for the local Token Ring interfaces can affect overall performance. Refer to the chapter "Configuring LLC2 and SDLC Parameters" in this manual for more details about fine-tuning your network through the LLC2 parameters.
The routers at each end of the LLC2 session execute the full LLC2 protocol, which could result in some overhead. The decision to use local acknowledgment for LLC2 should be based on the speed of the backbone network in relation to the Token Ring speed. For LAN segments separated by slow-speed serial links (for example, 56 kbps), the T1 timer problem could occur more frequently. In such cases, it might be wise to turn on local acknowledgment for LLC2. For LAN segments separated by a T1, backbone delays will be minimal; in such cases, FST or direct should be considered. Speed mismatch between the LAN segments and the backbone network is one criterion to help you decide to use local acknowledgment for LLC2.
There are some situations (such as the receiving host failing between the time the sending host sends data and the time the receiving host receives it), in which the sending host would determine, at the LLC2 layer, that data was received when it actually was not. This error occurs because the router acknowledges that it received data from the sending host before it determines that the receiving host can actually receive the data. But because both NetBIOS and SNA have error recovery in situations where an end device goes down, these higher-level protocols will resend any missing or lost data. Because these transaction request/confirmation protocols exist above LLC2, they are not affected by tight timers, as is LLC2. They also are transparent to local acknowledgment.
If you are using NetBIOS applications, note that there are two NetBIOS timers---one at the link level and one at the next higher level. Local acknowledgment for LLC2 is designed to solve link timeouts only. If you are experiencing NetBIOS session timeouts, you have two options:
To configure (FST) encapsulation on a remote peer, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw remote-peer list-number fst ip-address [backup-peer [ip-address | frame-relay interface serial number dlci-number | interface name]] [bytes-netbios-out bytes-list-name] [cost cost] [dest-mac mac-address] [dmac-output-list access-list-number] [host-netbios-out host-list-name] [keepalive seconds] [lf size] [linger minutes] [lsap-output-list list] | Define an FST encapsulation remote peer. |
Direct encapsulation is supported over High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) and Frame Relay. Direct encapsulation over Frame Relay comes in two forms: DLSw Lite (LLC2 encapsulation) and Passthru. To configure direct encapsulation, use the following commands in global configuration mode.
| Step | Command | Purpose | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dlsw remote-peer list-number frame-relay interface serial number dlci-number [backup-peer [ip-address | frame-relay interface serial number dlci-number | interface name]] [bytes-netbios-out bytes-list-name] [cost cost] [dest-mac mac-address] [dmac-output-list access-list-number] [host-netbios-out host-list-name] [keepalive seconds] [lf size] [linger minutes] [lsap-output-list list] pass-thru | Define a direct encapsulation in Frame Relay for the remote peer. | ||
| dlsw remote-peer list-number interface serial number [backup-peer [ip-address | frame-relay interface serial number dlci-number | interface name]] [bytes-netbios-out bytes-list-name] [cost cost] [dest-mac mac-address] [dmac-output-list access-list-number] [host-netbios-out host-list-name] [keepalive seconds] [lf size] [linger minutes] [lsap-output-list list] pass-thru | Define a direct encapsulation in HDLC for the remote peer. |
You can configure the Cisco IOS software for direct encapsulation of DLSw+ in Frame Relay according to RFC 1490. DLSw+ direct encapsulation over RFC 1490 supports either pass-through or local acknowledgment (data link control termination). DLSw+ supports transport for both SNA and NetBIOS data. SNA physical unit (PU) 2.0 and PU 2.1 are supported.
The configuration requires a minimum number of Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs) (since multiple protocols can share a single PVC). A minimum number of PVCs simplifies configuration because multiple PUs can share a PVC without requiring configuration of multiple Service Access Points (SAPs).
The pass-thru option adds the smallest amount of link overhead and requires minimal processing cycles in the attaching routers when compared to TCP/IP encapsulation.
The local acknowledgment option prevents data link control timeouts during periods of WAN congestion. It also minimizes WAN traffic by keeping data link control acknowledgments and keepalives off the WAN.
No controller or FEP upgrades are required to take advantage of this feature (if already Token Ring attached), reducing costs and simplifying migration to Frame Relay.
To enable DLSw+ over Frame Relay with passthru, use the following commands, beginning in global configuration mode:
| Step | Command | Purpose | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| interface serial number | Specify the serial port. | ||
| Enable Frame Relay encapsulation. | |||
| frame-relay map dlsw dlci-number | Define the mapping between DLSw+ and the DLCI. | ||
| dlsw remote-peer list-number frame-relay interface serial number dlci-number pass-thru | Define direct encapsulation in Frame Relay. |
To enable DLSw+ over Frame Relay with local acknowledgment (also known as DLSw Lite), use the following commands, beginning in global configuration mode:
| Step | Command | Purpose | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| interface serial number | Specify the serial port. | ||
| Enable Frame Relay encapsulation. | |||
| frame-relay map llc2 dlci-number | Define the mapping between DLSw+ and the DLCI. | ||
| fdlsw remote-peer list-number frame-relay interface serial number dlci-number | Define direct encapsulation in Frame Relay. |
To enable DLSw+ on a Token Ring or FDDI interface, use the following command in interface configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
source-bridge local-ring bridge-number ring-group | Enable DLSw+ on a Token Ring or FDDI interface. |
By default, DLSw+ receives traffic from all defined source-bridge ring-groups in the router. By configuring SRB on the interface, it permits DLSw+ to communicate on that interface.
To enable DLSw+ on certain Ethernet interfaces, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw bridge-group group-number | Enable DLSw+ on an Ethernet interface. |
bridge group bridge group | Number of the bridge group to which the interface belongs. |
In interface mode, the interfaces must also be put into the bridge-group.
To establish devices as SDLC stations, use the following commands in interface configuration mode:
| Step | Command | Purpose | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Set the encapsulation type of the serial interface to SDLC. | |||
| sdlc role {none | primary | secondary | prim-xid-poll} | Establish the role of the interface. | ||
| Configure a MAC address for the serial interface. | |||
| sdlc address hexbyte [echo] | Assign a set of secondary stations attached to the serial link. | ||
| sdlc partner mac-address sdlc-address | Specify the destination address with which an LLC session is established for the SDLC station. |
| 1The last byte of the MAC address must be 00. |
To enable DLSw+ on an SDLC interface, use the following command in interface configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
sdlc dlsw {sdlc-address | default | partner mac-address [inbound | outbound]} | Enable DLSw+ on an SDLC interface. |
Use the default option if you have more than 10 SDLC devices to attach to the DLSw+ network. To configure an SDLC multidrop line downstream, you configure the SDLC role as either primary or prim-xid-poll. SDLC role primary specifies that any PU without the xid-poll parameter in the sdlc address command is a PU 2.0 device. SDLC role prim-xid-poll specifies that every PU is type 2.1. We recommend that you specify sdlc role primary if all SDLC devices are type PU 2.0 or a mix of PU 2.0 and PU 2.1. Specify sdlc role prim-xid-poll if all devices are type PU 2.1
To configure DLSw+ to support LLC2-to-SDLC conversion for PU 4 or PU 5 devices, specify the echo option in the sdlc address command. A PU 4-to-PU 4 configuration requires that none be specified in the sdlc role command.
Refer to the sections "DLSw+ with SDLC Multidrop Support Configuration Examples" and "DLSw+ with LLC2-to-SDLC Conversion between PU 4-to-PU 4 Communication" for sample configurations.
You can configure DLSw+ for QLLC connectivity, which enables both of the following scenarios:
To enable QLLC connectivity for DLSw+, use the following commands in interface configuration mode:
| Step | Command | Purpose | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specify an interface as an X.25 device. | |||
| x25 address subaddress | Activate X.25 subaddresses. | ||
| x25 map qllc x121-addr [x25-map-options] | Associate a virtual MAC address with the X.121 address of the remote X.25 device. | ||
| qllc dlsw {subaddress subaddress | pvc pvc-low [pvc-high]} [vmac vmacaddr [poolsize]] [partner partner-macaddr] [sap ssap dsap] [xid xidstring] [npsi-poll] | Enable DLSw+ over QLLC. |
DLSw+ can filter NetBIOS Session Alive packets from the WAN. NetBIOS periodically sends Session Alive packets as LLC2 I-frames. These packets do not require a response and are superfluous to the function of proper data flow. Furthermore, these packets keep dial-on-demand interfaces up and this up time causes unwanted per-packet charges in DDR networks. By filtering these NetBIOS Session Alive packets, you reduce traffic on the WAN as well as some costs that are associated with DDR.
To enable NetBIOS DDR, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
Enable NetBIOS DDR. |
To modify an existing configuration parameter, perform one or more of the tasks in the following sections:
To configure DLSw+ timers (including group cache entries), use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw timer {icannotreach-block-time | netbios-cache-timeout | netbios-explorer-timeout | netbios-group-cache | netbios-retry-interval | netbios-verify-interval | sna-cache-timeout | sna-explorer-timeout | sna-group-cache | sna-retry-interval | sna-verify-interval} time | Configure DLSw+ timers. |
To define the maximum entries in a group cache, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw group-cache max-entries number | Define the maximum entries in a group cache. |
To configure peer-on-demand defaults, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw peer-on-demand-defaults [fst] [bytes-netbios-out bytes-list-name] [cost cost] [dest-mac destination mac-address] [dmac-output-list access-list-number] [host-netbios-out host-list-name] [inactivity minutes] [keepalive seconds] [lf size] [lsap-output-list list] [port-list port-list-number] [priority] [tcp-queue-max] | Configure peer-on-demand defaults. |
To configure promiscuous peer defaults, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw prom-peer-defaults [bytes-netbios-out bytes-list-name] [cost cost] [dest-mac destination-mac-address] [dmac-output-list access-list-number] [host-netbios-out host-list-name] [keepalive seconds] [lf size] [lsap-output-list list] [tcp-queue-max size] | Configure promiscuous peer defaults. |
To reduce explorer traffic destined for this peer, the peer can send other peers a list of resources for which it has information (icanreach) or does not have information (icannotreach). This information is exchanged as part of a capabilities exchange.To configure static resources that will be exchanged as part of a capabilities exchange, use one of the following commands in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw icannotreach saps sap [sap...] or dlsw icanreach {mac-exclusive | netbios-exclusive | mac-address mac-addr [mask mask] | netbios-name name | saps} | Configure a resource not locally reachable by the router. or Configure a resource locally reachable by the router. |
To configure static paths to minimize explorer traffic originating in this peer, use one of the following commands in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw mac-addr mac-addr {ring ring number | remote-peer {interface serial number | ip-address ip-address} | rif rif string | group group} or dlsw netbios-name netbios-name {ring ring number | remote-peer {interface serial number | ip-address ip-address} | rif rif string | group group} | Configure the location or path of a static MAC address. Configure a static NetBIOS name. |
To configure duplicate path handling, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw duplicate-path-bias [load-balance] | Configure duplicate path handling. |
To disable the border peer caching feature, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
Disable the border peer caching feature. |
To disable User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Unicast, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
dlsw udp-disable | Disable UDP Unicast. |
By default, DLSw+ terminates the Routing Information Field (RIF) for Token Ring, terminates the LLC for all media types, and forwards data only across a WAN with DLSw+ and TCP/IP headers. The RIF is a field in source-route bridged frames that indicates the SRB path the frame should take when traversing a Token Ring network. In the case of an explorer packet, the RIF is a field in the source-route bridged frame that indicates the SRB path that the SRB explorer has traversed so far. The RIF is limited to seven hop counts by the IBM standards. Because DLSw+ terminates the RIF at the virtual ring, the network's scalability increases because the hop count of the packet starts over, and the packet can traverse seven additional hops. Also, RIF termination simplifies network design because ring numbers no longer have to be unique throughout an entire enterprise.
Some environments do not function properly if the RIF is terminated. For that reason, DLSw+ now supports the RIF Passthru feature, in which the entire source-route bridged path appears in the RIF.
The RIF Passthru feature enables two key functions when DLSw+ is used between FEPs (PU 4s). First, RIF Passthru is required to allow multiple active paths between FEPs. Second, RIF Passthru is required to remotely load an NCP (in other words, set initialization mode/request initialization mode support). See the dlsw remote-peer tcp command for further usage guidelines.
To enable RIF Passthru, use the following command in global configuration mode:
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
Enable RIF Passthru. |
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
Close all the DLSw+ circuits1 | |
Remove all entries from the DLSw+ reachability cache. | |
Reset to zero the number of frames that have been processed in the local, remote, and group caches. | |
show dlsw capabilities interface type number | Display capabilities of a direct-encapsulated remote peer. |
show dlsw capabilities ip-address ip-address | Display capabilities of a TCP/FST remote peer. |
Display capabilities of the local peer. | |
Display DLSw+ circuit information. | |
Display the fast cache for FST and direct-encapsulated peers. | |
Display DLSw+ peer information. | |
Display DLSw+ reachability information. | |
Disable and re-enable DLSw+ without altering the configuration. | |
show dlsw statistics [border-peers] | Display the number of frames that have been processed in the local, remote, and group caches. |
| 1Issuing the clear dlsw circuits command will cause the loss of any associated LLC2 sessions. |
The following sections provide DLSw+ configuration examples:
This sample configuration requires the following tasks, which are described in earlier sections of this document:
Figure 102 illustrates a DLSw+ configuration with local acknowledgment.
source-bridge ring-group 10 ! dlsw local-peer peer-id 10.2.25.1 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 10.2.5.2 interface loopback 0 ip address 10.2.25.1 255.255.255.0 . . . interface tokenring 0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge active 25 1 10 source-bridge spanning
source-bridge ring-group 12 dlsw local-peer peer-id 10.2.5.2 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 10.2.25.1 interface loopback 0 ip address 10.2.5.2 255.255.255.0 . . . interface tokenring 0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge active 5 1 12 source-bridge spanning
Figure 103 illustrates border peers with TCP encapsulation, showing circuits to each other. Router A is configured to operate in promiscuous mode, and border peers Routers B and C forward broadcasts. This configuration reduces processing requirements in Router A (the access router) and still supports any-to-any networks.
hostname RouterA ! source-bridge ring group 31 dlsw local-peer peer-id 128.207.152.5 group 70 promiscuous dlsw remote peer 0 tcp 128.207.150.8 ! interface serial 0 ip unnumbered tokenring clockrate 56000 ! interface tokenring 0 ip address 128.207.152.5 255.255.255.0 ring-speed 16 source-bridge 200 13 31 source-bridge spanning ! . . . router igrp 777 network 128.207.0.0
hostname RouterB ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 31 dlsw local-peer peer-id 128.207.150.8 group 70 border promiscuous dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 128.207.169.3 ! . . . interface serial 0 ip unnumbered tokenring 0 bandwidth 56 ! . . . interface tokenring 0 ip address 128.207.150.8 255.255.255.0 ring-speed 16 source-bridge 3 14 31 source-bridge spanning ! router igrp 777 network 128.207.0.0
hostname RouterC ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 69 dlsw local-peer peer-id 128.207.169.3 group 69 border promiscuous dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 128.207.150.8 ! . . . interface tokenring 3/0 description fixed to flashnet ip address 128.207.2.152 255.255.255.0 ring-speed 16 multiring all ! interface tokenring 3/1 ip address 128.207.169.3 255.255.255.0 ring-speed 16 source-bridge 33 2 69 source-bridge spanning ! . . . router igrp 777 network 128.207.0.0
Figure 104 illustrates a peer group configuration that allows any-to-any connection except for Router B. Router B has no connectivity to anything except router C because the promiscuous keyword is omitted.
hostname Router A ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 2000 dlsw local-peer peer-id 150.150.99.1 group 2 promiscuous dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 150.150.100.1 ! interface loopback 0 ip address 150.150.99.1 255.255.255.192 ! ! . . . interface tokenring 0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 99 1 2000 source-bridge spanning ! . . . router eigrp 202 network 150.150.0.0
hostname RouterB ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 2000 dlsw local-peer peer-id 150.150.98.1 group 2 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 150.150.100.1 ! interface loopback 0 ip address 150.150.98.1 255.255.255.192 ! . . . interface serial 1 no ip address encapsulation sdlc no keepalive clockrate 9600 sdlc role primary sdlc vmac 4000.8888.0100 sdlc address 01 sdlc xid 01 05d20006 sdlc partner 4000.1020.1000 01 sdlc dlsw 1 ! interface tokenring 0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 98 1 2000 source-bridge spanning ! . . . router eigrp 202 network 150.150.0.0
hostname RouterC ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 2000 dlsw local-peer peer-id 150.150.100.1 group 2 border promiscuous dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 150.150.96.1 ! interface loopback 0 ip address 150.150.100.1 255.255.255.192 ! . . . ! interface tokenring 0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 500 1 2000 ! router eigrp 202 network 150.150.0.0
hostname RouterD ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 2000 dlsw local-peer peer-id 150.150.96.1 group 1 border promiscuous dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 150.150.100.1 ! interface loopback 0 ip address 150.150.96.1 255.255.255.192 ! . . ! . . . interface tokenring 0/0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 96 1 2000 source-bridge spanning ! interface tokenring 0/1 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 92 1 2000 source-bridge spanning ! . . . router eigrp 202 network 150.150.0.0
hostname RouterE ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 2000 dlsw local-peer peer-id 150.150.97.1 group 1 promiscuous dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 150.150.96.1 ! interface loopback 0 ip address 150.150.97.1 255.255.255.192 ! ! . . . interface tokenring 0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 97 1 2000 source-bridge spanning ! . . . router eigrp 202 network 150.150.0.0
In the following example, all devices are type PU 2.0,
interface serial 2 mtu 4400 no ip address encapsulation sdlc no keepalive clockrate 19200 sdlc role primary sdlc vmac 4000.1234.5600 sdlc address C1 sdlc xid C1 05DCCCC1 sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C1 sdlc address C2 sdlc xid C2 05DCCCC2 sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C2 sdlc dlsw C1 C2
The following example shows mixed PU 2.0 (device using address C1) and PU 2.1 (device using address C2) devices:
interface serial 2 mtu 4400 no ip address encapsulation sdlc no keepalive clockrate 19200 sdlc role primary sdlc vmac 4000.1234.5600 sdlc address C1 sdlc xid C1 05DCCCC1 sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C1 sdlc address C2 xid-poll sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C2 sdlc dlsw C1 C2
In the following example, all devices are type PU 2.1 (Method 1):
interface serial 2 mtu 4400 no ip address encapsulation sdlc no keepalive clockrate 19200 sdlc role primary sdlc vmac 4000.1234.5600 sdlc address C1 xid-poll sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C1 sdlc address C2 xid-poll sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C2 sdlc dlsw C1 C2
In the following example, all devices are type PU 2.1 (Method 2):
interface serial 2 mtu 4400 no ip address encapsulation sdlc no keepalive clockrate 19200 sdlc role prim-xid-poll sdlc vmac 4000.1234.5600 sdlc address C1 sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C1 sdlc address C2 sdlc xid C2 05DCCCC2 sdlc partner 4001.3745.1088 C2 sdlc dlsw C1 C2
The following example is a sample configuration for LLC2-to-SDLC conversion for PU 4-to-PU 4 communication as shown in Figure 105:
interface serial 0 mtu 4096 ip address 10.4.21.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay IETF keepalive 12 frame-relay map llc2 46 frame-relay map llc2 45 frame-relay map ip 10.4.21.1 43 broadcast frame-relay map ip 10.4.21.3 45 broadcast frame-relay map ip 10.4.21.4 46 broadcast frame-relay lmi-type ansi interface TokenRing 0 mac-address 4000.1250.1001 no ip address ring-speed 16 fras map llc 4000.1060.1000 4 4 Serial0 frame-relay 45 4 4
interface serial 0 mtu 4096 ip address 10.4.21.3 255.255.255.0 encapsulation frame-relay IETF keepalive 12 no fair-queue frame-relay map llc2 53 frame-relay map llc2 54 frame-relay map llc2 56 frame-relay map ip 10.4.21.1 53 broadcast frame-relay map ip 10.4.21.2 54 broadcast frame-relay map ip 10.4.21.4 56 broadcast frame-relay lmi-type ansi interface serial 1 no ip address encapsulation sdlc no keepalive clockrate 9600 sdlc address 01 echo fras map sdlc 1 Serial0 frame-relay 54 4 4 fid4
DLSw+ also supports Ethernet media. The configuration is similar to other DLSw+ configurations, except for configuring for a specific media. The following example shows Ethernet media (see Figure 106).
hostname RouterA ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 31 dlsw local-peer peer-id 128.207.111.1 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 128.207.1.145 lf 1500 dlsw bridge-group 5 ! interface Ethernet 0 ip address 128.207.111.1 255.255.255.0 bridge-group 5 ! . . bridge 5 protocol ieee ! .
hostname RouterB ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 500 source-bridge transparent 500 1000 1 1 dlsw local-peer peer-id 128.207.1.145 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 128.207.111.1 lf 1500 dlsw bridge-group 5 . . . interface ethernet 1/2 ip address 128.207.1.145 255.255.255.0 bridge-group 5 . . . interface tokenring 2/0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 7 1 500 source-bridge spanning ! . . . bridge 5 protocol ieee
Because DLSw+ does not do local translation between different LAN types, Router B must be configured for SR/TLB by issuing the source-bridge transparent command. Also, note that the bridge groups are configured on the ethernet interfaces.
DLSw+ also supports FDDI media. , in this case FDDI. The configuration is similar to other DLSw+ configurations except for configuring for a specific media type. The following example shows FDDI media (see Figure 107).
In the following configuration, an FDDI ring on Router A is connected to a Token Ring on Router B across a DLSw+ link.
source-bridge ring-group 10 dlsw local-peer peer-id 132.11.11.2 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 132.11.11.3 interface fddi 0 no ip address source-bridge active 26 1 10 source-bridge spanning
source-bridge ring-group 10 dlsw local peer peer-id 132.11.11.3 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 132.11.11.2 interface tokenring 0 no ip address source-bridge active 25 1 10 source-bridge spanning
DLSw+ provides media conversion between local or remote LANs and SDLC. For additional information about configuring SDLC parameters, refer to the chapter "Configuring LLC2 and SDLC Parameters."
Figure 108 illustrates DLSw+ with SDLC encapsulation. For this example, 4000.1020.1000 is the MAC address of the FEP host (PU 4.0). The MAC address of the AS/400 host is 1000.5aed.1f53, which is defined as Node Type 2.1. Router B serves as the primary station for the remote secondary station 01. Router B can serve as either primary station or secondary station to remote station D2.
hostname RouterA ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 2000 dlsw local-peer peer-id 150.150.10.2 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 150.150.10.1 ! . . . interface serial 8 ip address 150.150.10.2 255.255.255.192 clockrate 56000 ! . . . interface tokenring 0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 500 1 2000 source-bridge spanning ! . . . router eigrp 202 network 150.150.0.0
hostname RouterB ! . . . source-bridge ring-group 2000 dlsw local-peer peer-id 150.150.10.1 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 150.150.10.2 ! . . . interface serial 0 ip address 150.150.10.1 255.255.255.192 ! interface serial 1 description PU2 with SDLC station role set to secondary no ip address encapsulation sdlc no keepalive clockrate 9600 sdlc role primary sdlc vmac 4000.9999.0100 sdlc address 01 sdlc xid 01 05d20006 sdlc partner 4000.1020.1000 01 sdlc dlsw 1 ! interface serial 2 description Node Type 2.1 with SDLC station role set to negotiable or primary encapsulation sdlc sdlc role none sdlc vmac 1234.3174.0000 sdlc address d2 sdlc partner 1000.5aed.1f53 d2 sdlc dlsw d2 ! interface tokenring 0 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 100 1 2000 source-bridge spanning ! interface tokenring 1 no ip address ring-speed 16 source-bridge 400 1 2000 source-bridge spanning ! router eigrp 202 network 150.150.0.0
Frame Relay support extends the DLSw+ capabilities to include Frame Relay in direct mode. Frame Relay support includes permanent virtual circuit capability . DLSw+ runs over Frame Relay with or without local acknowledgement. It supports the Token Ring-to-Token Ring connections similar to Fast-Sequenced Transport and other direct data link controls. Figure 109 illustrates a DLSw+ configuration over Frame Relay with RIF passthrough.
The following configuration examples are based on Figure 109. The Token Rings in the illustration are in Ring 2.
source-bridge ring-group 100 dlsw local-peer dlsw remote-peer 0 frame-relay interface serial 0 30 passthru ! interface tokenring 0 ring-speed 16 source-bridge active 1 1 100 ! interface serial 0 mtu 3000 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay lmi-type ansi frame-relay map llc2 30
source-bridge ring-group 100 dlsw local-peer dlsw remote-peer 0 frame-relay interface serial 0 30 passthru ! interface tokenring 0 ring-speed 16 source-bridge active 2 1 100 ! interface serial 0 mtu 3000 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay frame-relay lmi-type ansi frame-relay map llc2 30
The following three examples describe QLLC support for DLSw+.
In this configuration, DLSw+ is used to allow remote devices to connect to a DLSw+ network over an X.25 public packet-switched network.
In this example, all QLLC traffic is addressed to destination address 4000.1161.1234, which is the MAC address of the FEP.
The remote X.25-attached IBM 3174 cluster controller is given a virtual MAC address of 1000.0000.0001. This virtual MAC address is mapped to the X.121 address of the 3174 (31104150101) in the X.25 attached router.
interface serial 0 encapsulation x25 x25 address 3110212011 x25 map qllc 1000.0000.0001 31104150101 qllc dlsw partner 4000.1611.1234
In this configuration, a single IBM 3174 cluster controller needs to communicate with both an AS/400 and a FEP. The FEP is associated with subaddress 150101 and the AS/400 is associated with subaddress 151102.
If an X.25 call comes in for 33204150101, the call is mapped to the FEP and forwarded to MAC address 4000.1161.1234. The IBM 3174 appears to the FEP as a Token Ring-attached resource with MAC address 1000.0000.0001. The IBM 3174 uses a source SAP of 04 when communicating with the FEP, and a source SAP of 08 when communicating with the AS/400.
interface serial 0 encapsulation x25 x25 address 31102 x25 map qllc 1000.0000.0001 33204 qllc dlsw subaddress 150101 partner 4000.1161.1234 qllc dlsw subaddress 150102 partner 4000.2034.5678 sap 04 08
In this example, two different X.25 resources want to communicate over X.25 to the same FEP.
In the router attached to the X.25 network, every X.25 connection request for X.121 address 31102150101 is directed to DLSw+. The first SVC to be established will be mapped to virtual MAC address 1000.0000.0001. The second SVC to be established will be mapped to virtual MAC address 1000.0000.0002.
interface serial 0 encapsulation x25 x25 address 31102 x25 map qllc 33204 x25 map qllc 35765 qllc dlsw subaddress 150101 vmacaddr 1000.0000.0001 2 partner 4000.1611.1234
Figure 110 is a sample configuration for DLSw+ using the RIF Passthru feature.
source-bridge ring-group 100 dlsw local-peer peer id 10.1.12.1 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 10.1.14.2 rif-passthru 100 interface tokenring 0 ring-speed 16 source-bridge 25 1 100 source-bridge spanning
source-bridge ring-group 100 dlsw local-peer peer id 10.1.14.2 dlsw remote-peer 0 tcp 10.1.12.1 rif-passthru 100 interface tokenring 0 ring-speed 16 source-bridge 51 1 100
source-bridge spanning
Posted: Tue Apr 20 09:32:31 PDT 1999
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