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This chapter describes how to use the CLI to configure Fast Ethernet uplink ports on the supervisor engine modules, Ethernet switching modules, Fast Ethernet switching modules, and Gigabit Ethernet switching modules.
Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet switching modules share the following features:
For additional information on all commands in this chapter, refer to the Catalyst 5000 Series Command Reference publication.
The default values of the Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet module features are as follows:
To customize the Ethernet ports, complete the tasks in the following sections.
You can assign names to all ports on the Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet modules. It may be particularly useful to assign names to the Fast Ethernet ports on the supervisor engine module to facilitate switch administration.
To assign a name to a port, enter this command in privileged mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Assign a name to a port. | set port name mod_num/port_num [name_string] |
After entering the set port name command, you see a display similar to the following:
Console> (enable) set port name 1/1 Router Connection Port 1/1 name set. Console> (enable) set port name 1/2 Server 1 Port 1/2 name set.
To verify that you set the port name correctly, enter the show port mod_num/port_num command. You see this display:
Console> show port Port Name Status Vlan Level Duplex Speed Type ----- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ------ ------ ----- ------------ 1/1 Router Connection notconnect 1 normal auto auto 10/100BaseTX 1/2 Server notconnect 1 normal auto auto 10/100BaseTX 2/1 connected 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/2 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/3 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/4 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/5 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/6 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/7 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/8 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/9 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/10 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/11 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX <...output truncated...> Last-Time-Cleared -------------------------- Thu Mar 12 1998, 13:28:59 Console>
To set the priority level, enter this command in privileged mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Configure the priority level for each port. | set port level mod_num/port_num {normal | high} |
After entering the set port level command, you see this display:
Console> (enable) set port level 1/1 high Port 1/1 level set to high. Console> (enable) set port level 1/2 high Port 1/2 level set to high.
To verify that the port priority level is correct, enter the show port mod_num/port_num command. You see this display:
Console> show port Port Name Status Vlan Level Duplex Speed Type ----- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ------ ------ ----- ------------ 1/1 Router Connection notconnect 1 normal auto auto 10/100BaseTX 1/2 Server notconnect 1 normal auto auto 10/100BaseTX 2/1 connected 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/2 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/3 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/4 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/5 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/6 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/7 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/8 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/9 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/10 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/11 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX <...output truncated...> Last-Time-Cleared -------------------------- Thu Mar 12 1998, 13:28:59 Console>
To set the port speed for a port, enter this command in privileged mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Set the port speed of a port. | set port speed mod num/port num {10 | 100 | auto} |
The following examples show how to set the port speed:
Console> (enable) set port speed Usage: set port speed <mod_num/port_num> <10|100|auto> Console> (enable) set port speed 2/1 auto Port 2/1 speed set to auto-sensing mode. Console> (enable) set port speed 2/2 10 Port 2/2 speed set to 10 Mbps. Console> (enable) set port speed 2/3 100 Port 2/3 speed set to 100 Mbps.
To verify that you set the port speed correctly, enter the show port mod_num/port_num command. You see this display:
Console> show port Port Name Status Vlan Level Duplex Speed Type ----- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ------ ------ ----- ------------ 1/1 Router Connection notconnect 1 normal auto auto 10/100BaseTX 1/2 Server notconnect 1 normal auto auto 10/100BaseTX 2/1 connected 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/2 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/3 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/4 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/5 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/6 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/7 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/8 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/9 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/10 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX 2/11 notconnect 1 normal half 100 100BaseTX <...output truncated...> Last-Time-Cleared -------------------------- Thu Mar 12 1998, 13:28:59 Console>
You can set the transmission type to full or half duplex for the ports that will be used.
To set the transmission type of a port, enter this command in privileged mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Set the duplex mode of a port. | set port duplex mod num/port num {full | half} |
After entering the set port duplex command, you see this display:
Console> (enable) set port duplex 2/1 half Port 2/1 set to half-duplex. Console> (enable) set port duplex 2/2 half Port 2/2 set to half-duplex.
To verify that you set the transmission type correctly, enter the show port mod_num/port_num command. After entering this command, you see a display similar to the verification example in the section "Setting the Port Name."
To check connectivity using the ping command, complete these steps:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Step 1 Send an echo request from the Catalyst 5000 series switch to the host. Or, enter the traceroute command to display a hop-by-hop path through the IP network. | ping [-s] host [packet_size] [packet_count]
traceroute host |
| Step 2 If the host is unresponsive, check the configuration for the IP address of the Catalyst 5000 series switch and default IP route. | show interface
show ip route |
After entering the ping command, you see this display:
Console> (enable) ping 171.69.192.3 171.69.192.3 is alive
You can also display a hop-by-hop path through an IP network from the Catalyst 5000 series switch to a specific destination host using the traceroute command. For example, to test connectivity from the switch to a workstation with an IP alias of server10, enter the command traceroute server10. If the switch receives a response, you see this message:
traceroute to server10.company.com (173.16.22.7), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets 1 engineering-1.company.com (173.31.192.206) 2 ms 1 ms 1 ms 2 engineering-2.company.com (173.31.196.204) 2 ms 3 ms 2 ms 3 gateway_a.company.com (173.16.1.201) 6 ms 3 ms 3 ms 4 server10.company.com (173.16.22.7) 3 ms * 2 ms Console>
To verify connectivity, enter the ping command and observe the response. Sample results of entering the ping command are as follows:
This section describes configuration information that is specific to the three-port 1000BaseX Gigabit Ethernet switching module (WS-X5403).
The Gigabit Ethernet switching module has the same default settings as other Ethernet and Fast Ethernet modules, except for the following:
The following features are supported on the Gigabit Ethernet module:
The following features are not supported on the Gigabit Ethernet module:
The following commands are not supported on the Gigabit Ethernet module:
Depending on the system and placement of the Gigabit Ethernet switching module in the system's backplane, not all module ports may be active. Table 4-1 lists the Catalyst 5000 series switches and the Gigabit Ethernet switching module ports that are available when the module is installed in that switch.
| Switch | Gigabit Ethernet Switching Module Port Restrictions |
| Catalyst 5002 | Port 1 active. Ports 2 and 3 are inactive. |
| Catalyst 5000 | Port 1 active. Ports 2 and 3 are inactive. |
| Catalyst 5505 | In slots 2 through 3--Port 1 on bus A, port 2 on bus B, and port 3 on bus C. In slot 4--Port 1 on bus B, port 2 on bus A, and port 3 on bus C. In slot 5--Port 1 on bus C, port 2 on bus B, and port 3 on bus A. |
| Catalyst 5500 | In slots 2 through 5--Port 1 on bus A, port 2 on bus B, and port 3 on bus C. In slots 6 through 8--Port 1 on bus B; ports 2 and 3 inactive. In slots 9 through 12--Module cannot be inserted due to physical limitations. |
The Gigabit Ethernet switching module uses flow control to inhibit the transmission of packets to the Gigabit Ethernet module for a period of time. In a typical case, if the module's receive buffer becomes full, the module transmits a "pause" packet that tells remote devices to delay sending more packets for a specified period of time. The Gigabit Ethernet module can also receive "pause" packets from other devices.
Use the set port flowcontrol {receive | send} mod_num/port_num {off | on | desired} command. Perform one or more of these tasks to administer flow control:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Tell a local port to send flow-control packets to a remote device. | set port flowcontrol send mod_num/port_num on |
| Tell a local port to send flow-control packets if a remote device wants them. | set port flowcontrol send mod_num/port_num desired |
| Turn off a local port's ability to send flow-control packets to a remote device. | set port flowcontrol send mod_num/port_num off |
| Require a local port to be controlled by a remote device. | set port flowcontrol receive mod_num/port_num on |
| Allow a local port to operate with an attached device that is required to send flow-control packets, or with an attached device that is not required to but may send flow-control packets. | set port flowcontrol receive mod_num/port_num desired |
| Turn off an attached device's ability to send flow-control packets to a local port. | set port flowcontrol receive mod_num/port_num off |
By default, send is set to desired and receive is set to off.
After entering the set port flowcontrol commands, you see this display:
Console> (enable) set port flowcontrol send 3/1 on Port 3/1 will send flowcontrol to far end. Console> (enable) set port flowcontrol send 3/1 desired Port 3/1 will send flowcontrol to far end if far end supports it Console> (enable) set port flowcontrol send 3/1 off Port 3/1 will not send flowcontrol to far end Console> (enable) set port flowcontrol receive 3/1 on Port 3/1 will require far end to send flow control Console> (enable) set port flowcontrol receive 3/1 desired Port 3/1 will allow far end to send flowcontrol Console> (enable) set port flowcontrol receive 3/1 off Port 3/1 will not allow far end to send flowcontrol
To display the current flow-control status and statistics, enter this command in privileged mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Display the current flow-control status and statistics. | show port flowcontrol |
After entering the show port flowcontrol command, you see this display:
Console> show port flowcontrol Port Send-Flowcontrol Receive-Flowcntl RxPause TxPause Admin Oper Admin Oper ----- ---------------- ---------------- ------- ------- 3/1 on disagree on disagree 0 0 3/2 off off off off 0 0 3/3 desired on desired off 10 10
Fast EtherChannel provides parallel bandwidth of up to 800 Mbps (full duplex) between a Catalyst 5000 series switch and another switch or host by grouping multiple Fast Ethernet interfaces into a single logical transmission path.
Fast EtherChannel segments must be contiguous ports on a Fast Ethernet switching module. You can configure Fast Ethernet ports into Fast EtherChannel groups containing two or four segments, yielding 400- or 800-Mbps bidirectional bandwidth, respectively.
Inbound broadcast and multicast packets on one segment in a channel are blocked from returning on any other segment of the channel. Outbound broadcast and multicast packets are sent through only one channel segment.
If a segment within a channel fails, traffic previously carried over the failed link switches to the remaining segments within the channel. A trap is sent upon a failure identifying the switch, the channel, and the failed link.
Channels are configured using the standard CLI or SNMP.
Catalyst 5000 series software includes an enhancement to the Fast EtherChannel feature called the Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP). PAgP facilitates the automatic creation of Fast EtherChannel links by sending packets between Fast EtherChannel-capable ports. The protocol learns and informs the neighbors and their group capabilities dynamically. Once PAgP identifies correctly paired Fast EtherChannel links, it groups the ports into a channel. The channel is then added to the spanning tree as a single bridge port.
PAgP includes four user-configurable channel modes: on, off, auto, and desirable. Each mode affects the way a port handles PAgP packets. By default, ports are in auto mode. Table 4-2 describes each mode.
| Mode | Description |
|---|---|
| On | Forces the port to channel without negotiation. |
| Off | Prevents the port from channeling without negotiation. |
| Auto | Places a port into a passive negotiating state, in which the port responds to PAgP packets it receives but does not initiate PAgP packet negotiation. (Default) |
| Desirable | Places a port into an active negotiating state, in which the port initiates negotiations with other ports by sending PAgP packets. |
Both the auto and desirable modes allow ports to negotiate with connected ports to determine if they can form a channel, based on criteria such as port speed, trunking state, VLAN numbers, and so on.
Channel ports can be in different channel modes as long as the modes are compatible. For instance, a port in desirable mode can form a channel successfully with another port that is in desirable or auto mode. Similarly, a port in auto mode can form a channel with another port in desirable mode. However, a port in auto mode cannot form a channel with another port that is also in auto mode, since neither port will initiate the needed negotiations.
If improperly configured, some Fast EtherChannel ports are disabled automatically to avoid network loops and other problems. Use the following guidelines to avoid configuration problems:
Use the set port channel port_list {on | off | auto | desirable} command to configure Fast EtherChannel.
To configure an Ethernet channel, complete these steps:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Step 1 Make sure that the ports you want to channel are configured correctly. (Refer to the Fast EtherChannel Configuration Guidelines earlier in this chapter.) | |
| Step 2 Ensure a loop-free topology for all channeled VLANs. | |
| Step 3 Create an Ethernet channel. | set port channel port_list on |
To set a channel port to auto mode, enter this command in privileged mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Set a channel port to auto mode. | set port channel port_list auto |
To set a channel port to desirable mode, enter this command in privileged mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Set a channel port to desirable mode. | set port channel port_list desirable |
To remove an Ethernet channel, enter this command in privileged mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Remove an Ethernet channel. | set port channel port_list off |
This example shows how to enable Fast EtherChannel on ports 5-8 of Fast Ethernet module 2:
Console> (enable) set port channel 2/5-8 on Port(s) 2/5-8 channel mode set of on. Console> (enable)
To verify that Fast EtherChannel is configured correctly, enter the show port channel [mod_num[port_num]] command. After entering the command, you see this display:
Console> show port channel 4
Port Status Channel Channel Neighbor Neighbor
mode status device port
----- ---------- --------- ----------- ------------------------- ----------
4/1 connected desirable channel WS-C5000 012345678 5/5
4/2 connected desirable channel WS-C5000 012345678 5/6
----- ---------- --------- ----------- ------------------------- ----------
4/3 connected off not channel
4/4 connected off not channel
4/5 notconnect off not channel
4/6 notconnect off not channel
4/7 notconnect off not channel
4/8 notconnect off not channel
----- ---------- --------- ----------- ------------------------- ----------
4/9 connected on channel WS-C5000 987654321 3/1
4/10 connected on channel WS-C5000 987654321 3/2
4/11 notconnect on channel
4/12 connected on channel WS-C5000 987654321 3/4
----- ---------- --------- ----------- ------------------------- ----------
Console>
When using the channel as a trunk, follow these guidelines:
The two-port supervisor engine modules that support Fast EtherChannel (model numbers WS-X5505, WS-X5506, WS-X5509, and WS-X5530) on Catalyst 5000 series switches support a single configuration: one channel of two ports.
The following switching modules support Fast EtherChannel in a number of configurations:
On the 12-port modules, the ports form three groups of four ports each (ports 1-4, 5-8, and 9-12). On the 24-port module, the ports also form three groups of four ports each (ports 1-8, 9-16, and 17-24). A Fast EtherChannel must be composed of contiguous ports from the same group. A channel cannot have some ports from one group and some ports from another. Each group of four ports can be channeled in any the following ways:
The Catalyst 5000 series switch supports simultaneous, parallel conversations between Ethernet segments. Switched connections between Ethernet segments last only for the duration of the packet. New connections can be made between different segments for the next packet.
The Catalyst 5000 series switch solves congestion problems caused by high bandwidth devices and a large number of users by assigning each of the devices, for example, servers, to its own 10- or 100-Mbps segment. Because each Ethernet port on the Catalyst 5000 series switch represents a separate Ethernet segment, servers in a properly configured switched environment achieve full access to the bandwidth.
Because the major bottleneck in Ethernet networks is usually due to collisions on devices, an effective solution is full-duplex communication, an option for each port on the Catalyst 5000 series switch. Normally, Ethernet operates in half-duplex mode, which means that stations can either receive or transmit. In full-duplex mode, two stations can transmit and receive at the same time. When packets can flow in both directions simultaneously, effective Ethernet bandwidth doubles from 10 Mbps to 20 Mbps for 10BaseT ports and to 200 Mbps for Fast Ethernet ports.
Each Ethernet port on the Catalyst 5000 series switch can connect to a single workstation or server, or to a hub through which workstations or servers connect to the network.
Ports on a typical Ethernet hub all connect to a common backplane within the hub, and the bandwidth of the network is shared by all devices attached to the hub. If two stations establish a session that uses a significant level of bandwidth, the network performance of all other stations attached to the hub is degraded.
To reduce degradation, the Catalyst 5000 series switch treats each port as an individual segment. When stations on different ports need to communicate, the Catalyst 5000 series switch forwards frames from one port to the other at wire speed to ensure that each session receives the full 10-Mbps bandwidth.
To switch frames between ports efficiently, the Catalyst 5000 series switch maintains an address table. When a frame enters the Catalyst 5000 series switch, it associates the MAC address of the sending station with the port on which it was received.
The Catalyst 5000 series switch builds the address table by using the source address of the frames received. When the switch receives a frame for a destination address not yet listed in its address table, it floods the frame to all ports of the same VLAN except the port that received the frame. When the destination station replies, the switch adds its relevant source address and port ID to the address table. The Catalyst 5000 series switch then forwards subsequent frames to a single port without flooding to all ports.
The address table can store at least 16,000 address entries without flooding any entries. The Catalyst 5000 series switch uses an aging mechanism, defined by a configurable aging timer, so if an address remains inactive for a specified number of seconds, it is removed from the address table.
Figure 4-1 shows an example Ethernet configuration for a single Catalyst 5000 series switch. For simplicity, this example shows all devices on each module as either full duplex or half duplex. However, you can configure each port on each module independently for either full- or half-duplex operation. This example also shows a direct correlation between port speed and traffic priority, although the two parameters are completely independent.
The example configuration shown in Figure 4-1 is based on the following assumptions:
Step 1 Configure a name for the port by entering the set port name command. You see this display:
Step 2 Configure the priority level for the port by entering the set port level command. You see this display:
Step 3 Configure a name for the port by entering the port speed command. You see this display:
Step 4 Configure the transmission type of the port (half or full duplex) by entering the set port duplex command. You see this display:
To verify the Ethernet configuration, enter the show port command. After entering this command, you see a display similar to the verification example in the section "Setting the Port Name."
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