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This appendix describes the ROM monitor bootstrap program. The ROM monitor runs when you power on or restart the switch. During normal operation, the ROM monitor helps to initialize the processor hardware and boot the operating system software. Use the ROM monitor to identify hardware problems that you encounter during installation.
This appendix contains these sections:
To use the ROM monitor, you must have access to the console port. See Chapter 3 for information on connecting the console cable.
To enter ROM monitor mode, perform the following tasks:
| Command | Purpose | |
|---|---|---|
Step 1 | gateway> reload | Restart the Access Gateway module. |
Step 2 | Press the Break key during the first 60 seconds while the system is starting up. | Force the Access Gateway module to stop booting and enter the ROM monitor mode. |
To verify that you are in the ROM monitor mode, check that the prompt displayed on your screen is the ROM monitor mode prompt:
rommon # >
The # is the line number and increases incrementally at each prompt.
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Tips From the Cisco IOS software, you can configure the Access Gateway module to automatically enter the ROM monitor mode the next time the Access Gateway module boots by setting virtual configuration register bits 3, 2, 1, and 0 to zero. |
From the console, enter the following configuration command:
configuration-register 0x0
The new configuration register value, 0x0, is effective after the Access Gateway module is rebooted with the reload command. The Access Gateway module remains in the ROM monitor and does not boot the operating system.
While the configuration register value remains 0x0, you must manually boot the operating system from the console. Refer to the boot command in the section "Command Descriptions" later in this appendix.
To display a list of available commands, enter ? or help at the ROM monitor mode prompt:
rommon 1 > ? alias set and display aliases command boot boot up an external process break set/show/clear the breakpoint confreg configuration register utility cont continue executing a downloaded image context display the context of a loaded image cookie display contents of cookie PROM in hex dev list the device table dir list files in the file system dis display instruction stream dnld serial download a program module frame print out a selected stack frame help monitor builtin command help history monitor command history meminfo main memory information repeat repeat a monitor command reset system reset set display the monitor variables stack produce a stack trace sync write monitor environment to NVRAM sysret print out info from last system return tftpdnld tftp image download unalias unset an alias unset unset a monitor variable version display rommon software, board, opus, waltz,and tempo version xmodem x/ymodem image download rommon 2 >
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Note You can abort any command by pressing the Break key at the console. |
The ROM monitor syntax in this appendix uses the following conventions:
Convention | Purpose |
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This section describes some useful ROM monitor commands. Refer to the Cisco IOS Configuration Guides and Command References for more information on ROM monitor commands.
boot c4gwy-io3s-mz 172.15.19.11
Options to the boot command are -x, load image but do not execute, and -v, verbose.
Use the Cisco IOS commands show version and show hardware to display the source of the currently running image.
Lists the files on the named device. For example:
rommon 8 > dir flash:
File size Checksum File name
2229799 bytes (0x220627) 0x469e c4gwy-io3s-mz-j-m2.113-4T
Displays a summary of ROM monitor commands (equivalent to ?).
Displays size in bytes, starting address, available range of main memory, the starting point and size of packet memory, and size of nonvolatile memory (NVRAM). The following example shows the meminfo command:
rommon 9 > meminfo Main memory size: 32 MB. Available main memory starts at 0xa000e000, size 32704KB IO (packet) memory size: 25 percent of main memory. NVRAM size: 32KB
The meminfo command with the -l option displays supported DRAM configurations. The following example shows an example of the meminfo -l command:
rommon 1 > meminfo -l Supported memory configurations: DIMM 0 --------- 64M 128M-DUAL rommon 2 > rommon 2 >
Resets and initializes the Access Gateway module. This function is similar to power on.
From the front-panel Ethernet management port, downloads an image using TFTP from a remote server.
"xxx: kernel context state is invalid, can not proceed."
Produces a stack trace.
Displays processor context.
Displays an individual stack frame.
Displays return information from the last booted system image. This information includes the reason for terminating the image, a stack dump of up to eight frames, and, if an exception is involved, the address where the exception occurred. For example:
rommon 8 > sysret System Return Info: count: 19, reason: a SegV exception pc:0x802b1040, error address: 0x802b1040 Stack Trace: FP: 0x80908398, PC: 0x802b102c FP: 0x809083b0, PC: 0x802b0b88 FP: 0x809083d8, PC: 0x8017039c FP: 0x809083e8, PC: 0x8016f764
The virtual configuration register resides in NVRAM. You can display or modify the virtual configuration register from either the ROM monitor or the operating system software.
To change the virtual configuration register from the ROM monitor, enter confreg by itself for menu mode, or enter the new value of the register in hexadecimal.
Changes the virtual configuration register to the value specified. The value is always interpreted as hexadecimal. Entering confreg without an argument displays the contents of the virtual configuration register and prompts you to alter the contents by describing the meaning of each bit.
In either case, the new virtual configuration register value is written into NVRAM, but is not effective until you reset or power-cycle the Access Gateway module.
The following display shows an example of the confreg command:
rommon 7 > confreg
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
break/abort has effect
console baud: 9600
boot: the ROM Monitor
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y
enable "diagnostic mode"? y/n [n]: y
enable "use net in IP bcast address"? y/n [n]:
enable "load rom after netboot fails"? y/n [n]:
enable "use all zero broadcast"? y/n [n]:
disable "break/abort has effect"? y/n [n]:
enable "ignore system config info"? y/n [n]:
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y
enter rate: 0 = 9600, 1 = 4800, 2 = 1200, 3 = 2400
4 = 19200, 5 = 38400, 6 = 57600, 7 = 115200 [0]: 0
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: y
enter to boot:
0 = ROM Monitor
1 = the boot helper image
2-15 = boot system
[0]: 0
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
diagnostic mode
break/abort has effect
console baud: 9600
boot: the ROM Monitor
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]:
You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect
If your Access Gateway module experiences difficulties and no longer contains a valid Cisco IOS software image in Flash memory, you can recover the Cisco IOS image using one of the following ROM monitor commands:
The xmodem [filename] command establishes an xmodem connection between the console and the Access Gateway module. The optional parameter filename specifies the source file containing the Cisco IOS image.
Usage: xmodem [-cy] destination filename
The tftpdnld command downloads a Cisco IOS software image from a remote server into Flash memory using TFTP.
The following variables are required:
IP_ADDRESS—The IP address for the Access Gateway module you are using.
IP_SUBNET_MASK—The subnet mask for the Access Gateway module you are using.
DEFAULT_GATEWAY—The default gateway for the Access Gateway module you are using.
TFTP_SERVER—The IP address of the server from which you want to download the image file.
TFTP_FILE—The name of the file that you want to download.
The following variables are optional:
TFTP_VERBOSE—Print setting. 0=quiet, 1=progress, 2=verbose. The default is 1.
TFTP_RETRY_COUNT—Retry count for ARP and TFTP. The default is 7.
TFTP_TIMEOUT—Overall timeout of the download operation in seconds. The default is 2400 seconds.
TFTP_CHECKSUM—Performs a checksum test on the image. 0=no, 1=yes. The default is 1.
The syntax for specifying the variables is:
VARIABLE_NAME=value
After you specify the variables, you must reenter the tftpdnld command. For example:
rommon 1 > tftpdnld
rommon 2 > IP_ADDRESS=172.15.19.11
rommon 3 > IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0
rommon 4 > DEFAULT_GATEWAY=172.15.19.1
rommon 5 > TFTP_SERVER=172.15.20.10
rommon 6 > TFTP_FILE=/tftpboot/c4gwy-io3s-mz
rommon 7 > TFTP_VERBOSE=1
rommon 8 > tftpdnld
IP_ADDRESS=172.15.19.11
IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0
DEFAULT_GATEWAY=172.15.19.1
TFTP_SERVER=172.15.20.10
TFTP_FILE=/tftpboot/c4gwy-io3s-mz
TFTP_VERBOSE=1
Invoke this command for disaster recovery only.
WARNING: all existing data in flash will be lost!
Do you wish to continue? y/n: [n]:
Enter y to begin downloading the Cisco IOS software image. When the process is complete, the ROM monitor mode prompt displays on your screen.
To abort tftpdnld, press Ctrl-C.
If you have a corrupted ROM monitor image, contact Cisco and have a new ROM device shipped to you. Insert this ROM device in the socket next to the Flash device under slot 1 of the Access Gateway module.
To recover from a corrupted ROM monitor, follow these steps:
a. Remove the Access Gateway module from the chassis.
b. Remove the metal shield that covers the three VIC/WIC slots.
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Note To remove the metal shield you need to remove three screws. |
c. Insert the ROM device (EPROM) into socket U45 on the lower left corner of the module.
d. Connect a jumper to the pins on J2 and labeled ROM.
e. Connect a jumper to the pins on J2and labeled NO-BOOT.
f. Replace the metal shield.
g. Power on the Access Gateway module.
Figure A-1 shows the metal shield being removed.
Figure A-2 shows how to plug the ROM device into the socket.
Figure A-3 shows how to connect the jumpers to the ROM pins.
Step 2 Boot an IOS image from the network:
a. Enter the following at the rommon prompt:
IP_ADDRESS=172.20.59.55 IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0 DEFAULT_GATEWAY=172.20.59.1 TFTP_SERVER=171.69.1.129 TFTP_FILE=/tftpboot/chopin/c4gwy-cboot-mz
b. Enter sync to save the variables to NVRAM.
c. Enter tftpdnld -r to boot the IOS image from the network.
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Note You can tftpboot the cboot image or boot it from flash if it is still there. |
Step 3 After booting the IOS image, upgrade the ROM monitor.
a. Enter the following command in priviledged mode:
chopin# upgrade rommon tftp://171.69.1.129/c4gwy_rommon.srec
b. Power down and remove the jumper.
To upgrade the ROM monitor, enter the following IOS command in priviledged mode:
chopin# upgrade rommon tftp://171.69.1.129/c4gwy_rommon.srec
This command downloads the new ROM monitor image from a TFTP server and then overwrites the previous image in Flash memory.
Posted: Thu Sep 14 18:36:39 PDT 2000
Copyright 1989-2000©Cisco Systems Inc.