|
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Use the abort VLAN database command to abandon the proposed new VLAN database, exit VLAN database mode, and return to privileged EXEC mode. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
abort
This command has no arguments or keywords.
No default is defined.
VLAN database
If you have added, deleted, or modified VLAN parameters in VLAN database mode but you do not want to keep the changes, the abort command causes all the changes to be abandoned. The VLAN configuration that was running before you entered VLAN database mode continues to be used.
The following example shows how to abandon the proposed new VLAN database and exit to the privileged EXEC mode:
Switch(vlan)# abort Switch#
You can verify that no VLAN database changes occurred by entering the show vlan brief command in privileged EXEC mode.
Use the apply VLAN database command to implement the proposed new VLAN database, increment the database configuration revision number, propagate it throughout the administrative domain, and remain in VLAN database mode. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
apply
This command has no arguments or keywords.
No default is defined.
VLAN database
The apply command implements the configuration changes you made after you entered VLAN database mode and uses them for the running configuration. This command keeps you in VLAN database mode.
You cannot use this command when the switch is in the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) client mode.
The following example shows how to implement the proposed new VLAN database and recognize it as the current database:
Switch(vlan)# apply
You can verify that VLAN database changes occurred by entering the show vlan command in privileged EXEC mode.
Use the cgmp global configuration command to enable Cisco Group Management Protocol (CGMP). You can also enable and disable the Fast Leave parameter and set the router port aging time. Use the no form of this command to disable CGMP.
cgmp [leave-processing | holdtime time]
no cgmp [leave-processing | holdtime]
leave-processing | (Optional) Enable Fast Leave processing on the switch. |
holdtime | (Optional) Set the amount of time a router connection is retained before the switch ceases to exchange messages with it. |
time | Number of seconds a router connection is retained before the switch ceases to exchange messages with it. You can enter a number from 10 to 6000 (seconds). |
CGMP is enabled.
Fast Leave is disabled.
The hold time is 300 seconds.
Global configuration
CGMP must be enabled before the Fast Leave option can be enabled.
The following example shows how to disable CGMP:
Switch(config)# no cgmp
The following example shows how to disable the Fast Leave option:
Switch(config)# no cgmp leave-processing
The following example shows how to set the amount of time the switch waits before ceasing to exchange messages with a router:
Switch(config)# cgmp holdtime 400
The following example shows how to remove the amount of time the switch waits before ceasing to exchange messages with a router:
Switch(config)# no cgmp holdtime
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show cgmp command in privileged EXEC mode.
clear cgmp
show cgmp
Use the clear cgmp privileged EXEC command to delete information that was learned by the switch using the Cisco Group Management Protocol (CGMP).
clear cgmp [vlan vlan-id] | [group [address] | router [address]]
vlan | (Optional) Delete groups only within vlan-id. |
vlan-id | VLAN for which the CGMP groups or routers are to be deleted. |
group | (Optional) Delete all known multicast groups and their destination ports. Limited to a VLAN if the vlan keyword is entered. Limited to a specific group if the address parameter is entered. |
address | MAC address of the group or router. |
router | (Optional) Delete all routers, their ports, and expiration times. Limited to a given VLAN if the vlan keyword is entered. Limited to a specific router if the address parameter is entered. |
Privileged EXEC
Using clear cgmp with no arguments deletes all groups and routers in all VLANs.
The following example shows how to delete all groups and routers on VLAN 2:
Switch# clear cgmp vlan 2
The following example shows how to delete all groups on all VLANs:
Switch# clear cgmp group
The following example shows how to delete a router address on VLAN 2:
Switch# clear cgmp vlan 2 router 0012.1234.1234
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show cgmp command in privileged EXEC mode.
cgmp
show cgmp
Use the clear ip address privileged EXEC command to delete an IP address for a switch without disabling the IP processing.
clear ip address [vlan vlan-id]
vlan | (Optional) Delete IP address only within vlan-id. |
vlan-id | VLAN for which the IP address are to be deleted. |
No IP address is defined for the switch.
Privileged EXEC
A switch can have one IP address.
The IP address of the switch can be accessed only by nodes connected to ports that belong to VLAN 1.
The following example shows how to clear the IP address for the switch on VLAN 1:
Switch# clear ip address vlan 1
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show running-config command in privileged EXEC mode.
show running-config
Use the clear mac-address-table privileged EXEC command to delete entries from the MAC address table.
clear mac-address-table [static | dynamic | secure] [address hw-addr] [interface interface] [atm slot/port] [vlan vlan-id]
static | (Optional) Delete only static addresses. |
dynamic | (Optional) Delete only dynamic addresses. |
secure | (Optional) Delete only secure addresses. |
address | (Optional) Delete the address hw-addr of type static, dynamic, and secure as specified. |
hw-addr | Delete this address. |
interface | (Optional) Delete an address on the interface interface of type static, dynamic, or secure as specified. |
interface | Delete MAC addresses on this port. |
atm | (Optional) Delete only ATM addresses. |
slot | Delete ATM addresses on this slot. |
port | Delete ATM addresses on this port. |
vlan | (Optional) Delete all the addresses for vlan-id. |
vlan-id | Delete MAC addresses in this VLAN. |
Privileged EXEC
This command deletes entries from the global MAC address table. Specific subsets can be deleted by using the optional keywords and values. If more than one optional keyword is used, all of the conditions in the argument must be true for that entry to be deleted.
The following example shows how to delete static addresses with the in-port value equal to fa0/7:
Switch# clear mac-address-table static interface fa0/7
The following example shows how to delete all secure addresses in VLAN 3:
Switch# clear mac-address-table secure vlan 3
The following example shows how to delete a specific address from all ports in all VLANs. If the address exists in multiple VLANs or multiple ports, all the instances are deleted.
Switch# clear mac-address-table address 0099.7766.5544
The following example shows how to delete a specific address only in VLAN 2:
Switch# clear mac-address-table address 0099.7766.5544 vlan 2
The following example shows how to delete a secure MAC address associated with the ATM port in expansion slot 2:
Switch(config)# clear mac-address-table secure 00c0.00a0.03fa atm 2/1
The following example shows how to associate a static address with the ATM port in expansion
slot 2:
Switch(config)# mac-address-table static 00c0.00a0.03fa atm 2/1
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show mac-address-table command in privileged EXEC mode.
show mac-address-table
Use the clear vmps statistics privileged EXEC command to clear the statistics maintained by the VLAN Query Protocol (VQP) client. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
clear vmps statistics
This command has no arguments or keywords.
No default is defined.
Privileged EXEC
The following example shows how to clear VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS) statistics:
Switch# clear vmps statistics
You can verify the previous command by entering the show vmps statistics command in privileged EXEC mode.
show vmps statistics
Use the clear vtp counters privileged EXEC command to clear the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) and pruning counters. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
clear vtp counters
This command has no arguments or keywords.
No default is defined.
Privileged EXEC
The following example shows how to clear the VTP counters:
Switch# clear vtp counters
You can verify the previous command by entering the show vtp counters command in privileged EXEC mode.
show vtp counters
Use the cluster commander-address global configuration command to add a member switch to the cluster. This command is automatically configured on a device when the command switch adds the device to the cluster. Use the no form of the command to remove a member switch from the cluster.
cluster commander-address [mac-address]
no cluster commander-address [mac-address]
mac-address | Mac address of the member's command switch. |
The switch is not a member of any cluster.
Global configuration
A cluster member can have only one command switch.
Use the no form when the command switch is unavailable. The mac-address parameter allows the member switch to retain the identity of the command switch during a system reload. The no form of the command allows a member switch to be removed from a cluster when the cluster command switch is not available.
Following is sample text from the running configuration of a cluster member.
cluster commander-address 00E0.1E00.111
The following example shows how to remove a member from the cluster by using the cluster member's console.
switch-es3# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
The following is an example of the no form of the command.
switch-es3(config)# no cluster commander-address switch-es3(config)# exit
cluster
show cluster
show cluster candidates
show cluster view
show cluster member
Use the cluster enable global configuration command to turn on the cluster command switch. Use the no form of the command to remove all members and make the command switch a candidate switch.
cluster enable name
no cluster enable
name | Name of the cluster. |
The switch is not a cluster command switch.
Global configuration
You must name the cluster when you enable the command switch. This command fails if a device is already configured as a member of the cluster.
The following example shows how to turn on the command switch for a cluster.
switch(config)# cluster enable Engineering-IDF4 switch(config)# exit
show cluster
show cluster candidates
show cluster view
show cluster member
Use the cluster member global configuration command to add members to a cluster. Use the no form of the command to remove members from the cluster.
cluster member n mac-address hw-addr [password enable-password]
no cluster member n
n | The number that identifies a cluster member. |
mac-address | Provide the MAC address of the command switch for the cluster member. |
hw-addr | Mac address of the member's command switch. |
password | (Optional) The enable password on the candidate switch. This is not required if there is no password on the candidate switch. Otherwise, use this parameter. |
enable- | Password for the candidate switch. |
The default is no cluster member. A newly-enabled command switch has no members by default.
Global configuration
This command is used on the command switch to add a member to or remove a member from the cluster.
You need only the password when you configure a member to join the cluster. The password is not saved in the running or startup configuration. After a candidate switch becomes a member of the cluster, it's password ceomes the same as the enabled password for command switch.
If a switch does not have has a configured hostname, the command switch configures its hostname to be the command switch's hostname followed by -n>, where n is the member number.
The following example shows how to add a member to a cluster.
switch(config)# cluster member 2 mac-address 00E0.1E00.2222 switch(config)# cluster member 4 mac-address 00E0.1E00.3333 <password> switch(config)# exit
show cluster
show cluster candidates
show cluster view
show cluster member
Use the cluster setup privileged EXEC command on the command switch to automatically build a cluster.
cluster setup
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Privileged EXEC
You can use the cluster setup command to add new switches to an existing cluster. The cluster setup command provides a high-level view of the configuration and guides you through the configuration change process. You can only see candidate switches that are one hop away from the command switch and have no IP address. To see devices farther away, use the show cluster member or show cluster candidate command.
If a candidate switch has an enabled password, this information will not be passed to the cluster.
The following is an example of the cluster setup command output:
Switch# cluster setup
--- Cluster Configuration Dialog ---
At any point you may enter a question mark '?' for help.
Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.
Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.
This switch is already configured as cluster command switch:
Command Switch Name:m217, contains 1 members
Continue with cluster configuration dialog? [yes/no]:yes
The suggested Cluster configuration is as follows:
|---Upstream---|
SN MAC Address Name PortIf FEC Hops SN PortIf FEC State
0 0050.0f08.9840 murali-217 0 Cmdr
1* 0050.0f08.91c0 murali-99.ci Fa0/1 1 0 Fa0/9 Candidat
The following configuration command script was created:
cluster member 1 mac-address 0050.0f08.91c0
!
end
Use this configuration? [yes/no]:yes
Building configuration...
[OK]
Use the enabled mode 'configure' command to modify this configuration.
Switch#
cluster enable
show cluster
show cluster candidates
show cluster view
show cluster member
Use the copy tftp privileged EXEC command to download a firmware file from a TFTP server to the device.
copy tftp: //host/src_file slot number:dst_file
//host/ | TFTP host name or IP address. |
src_file | File to be copied to the module. |
slot | Module-based file system prefix. |
number | Number of the ATM interface to which to download an image. |
dst_file | Name assigned to src_file on the module. |
Privileged EXEC
The slot parameter must be accompanied by a number that is followed by a colon. If you attempt to download a version of the software older than what is currently running on the interface, a warning message appears.
The following example shows how to download a new ATM module image from a host named spaniel to the module flash file system as relayer_file.
Switch# copy tftp://spaniel/ATM_image slot1:relayer_file
You can verify the previous commands by entering the copy tftp command in privileged EXEC mode.
delete
Use the delete privileged EXEC command to delete a file from the file system of the specified module.
delete slot number:file
slot | Module-based file-system prefix. |
number: | Slot number (1 or 2). |
file | Name of file. |
Privileged EXEC
A colon follows the number parameter.
The following example shows how to delete the file atm_image from the file system for ATM
module 1:
Switch# delete slot1:atm_image
copy
Use the duplex interface configuration command to specify the duplex mode of operation for a Fast Ethernet port. Use the no form of this command to return the port to its default value.
duplex {full | half | auto}
no duplex
full | Port is in full-duplex mode. |
half | Port is in half-duplex mode. |
auto | Port automatically detects whether it should run in full- or half-duplex mode. |
The default is auto.
Interface configuration
Certain ports can be configured to be either full duplex or half duplex. Applicability of this command depends on the device to which the switch is attached. All ports can be configured for either full or half duplex.
For Fast Ethernet ports, setting the port to auto has the same effect as specifying half if the attached device does not autonegotiate the duplex parameter.
For Gigabit Ethernet ports, setting the port to auto has the same effect as specifying full if the attached device does not autonegotiate the duplex parameter.
This command is not supported on the ATM modules.
The following example shows how to set port 1 on a Fast Ethernet module installed in slot 2 to full duplex:
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet2/1 Switch(config-if)# duplex full
The following example shows how to set port 1 on a Gigabit Ethernet module installed in slot 2 to full duplex:
Switch(config)# interface gigabitethernet2/1 Switch(config-if)# duplex full
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show running-config command in privileged EXEC mode.
show running-config
speed
Use the enable last-resort global configuration command to specify what happens if the TACACS and Extended TACACS servers used by the enable command do not respond. Use the no form of this command to restore the default. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
enable last-resort {password | succeed}
no enable last-resort {password | succeed}
password | Allows you to enter enable mode by entering the privileged command level password. A password must contain from 1 to 25 uppercase and lowercase alphanumeric characters. |
succeed | Allows you to enter enable mode without further question. |
Global configuration
This secondary authentication is used only if the first attempt fails.
In the following example, if the TACACS servers do not respond to the enable command, the user can enable by entering the privileged-level password:
Switch(config)# enable last-resort <password>
enable
Use the enable use-tacacs global configuration command to enable the use of TACACS to determine whether a user can access the privileged command level. Use the no form of this command to disable TACACS verification. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
enable use-tacacs
no enable use-tacacs
 | Tips If you use the enable use-tacacs command, you must also use the tacacs-server authenticate enable command or you will be locked out of the privileged command level. |
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Global configuration
When you add this command to the configuration file, the enable privilege EXEC command prompts for a new username and password pair. This pair is then passed to the TACACS server for authentication. If you are using Extended TACACS, it also sends any existing UNIX user identification code to the server.
The following example sets TACACS verification on the privileged EXEC-level login sequence:
Switch(config)# enable use-tacacs Switch(config)# tacacs-server authenticate enable
tacacs-server authenticate enable
Use the exit VLAN database command to implement the proposed new VLAN database, increment the database configuration number, propagate it throughout the administrative domain, and return to privileged EXEC mode. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
exit
This command has no arguments or keywords.
No default is defined.
VLAN database
The exit command implements all the configuration changes you made since you entered VLAN database mode and uses them for the running configuration. This command returns you to privileged EXEC mode.
The following example shows how to implement the proposed new VLAN database and exit to privileged EXEC mode:
Switch(vlan)# exit Switch#
You can verify the previous command by entering the show vlan brief command in privileged EXEC mode.
abort
apply
reset
show vlan
shutdown vlan
vlan database
Use the flowcontrol interface configuration command on Gigabit Ethernet ports to control traffic rates during congestion. Use the no form of this command to disable flow control on the port.
flowcontrol [asymmetric | symmetric]
no flowcontrol
asymmetric | Enable the local port to perform flow control of the remote port. If the local port is congested, it can request the remote port to stop transmitting. When the congestion clears, the local port requests that the remote port begin transmitting. |
symmetric | Enable the local port to perform flow control only if the remote port can also perform flow control of the local port. If the remote port cannot perform flow control, the local port also will not. |
Asymmetric
Interface configuration
The following example shows how to configure the local port to support any level of flowcontrol by the remote port:
Switch(config-if)# flowcontrol
The following example shows how to configure the local port to control the flow of traffic from the remote port:
Switch(config-if)# flowcontrol asymmetric
Use the interface global configuration command to configure an interface type and enter interface configuration mode.
interface type number
interface type slot/port (for ports on an ATM module)
To configure a subinterface, use this form of the interface global configuration commands:
interface type slot/port.subinterface-number {multipoint | point-to-point}
type | Type of interface. |
slot | Slot number (1 or 2) for ports on an ATM module. |
port | Port ID. |
.subinterface-number | Subinterface number in the range 1 to 4294967293. The number that precedes the period (.) must match the number to which this subinterface belongs. |
multipoint | point-to- | (Optional) Specifies a multipoint or point-to-point subinterface. There is no default. |
Global configuration, VLAN database
The following example shows how to enable loopback mode and assign an IP network address and network mask to the interface. The loopback interface established here will always appear to be up:
Switch(config)# interface loopback 0 Switch(config)# ip address 131.108.1.1 255.255.255.0
The following example shows how to enable the switch to act on ATM interface 1/2:
Switch(vlan)# interface atm 1/2 Switch#
circuit
controller
mac-address
ppp
show interfaces
slip
Use the ip address interface configuration command to set an IP address for a switch. Use the no form of this command to remove an IP address or disable IP processing.
ip address ip-address mask
no ip address ip-address mask
ip-address | IP address. |
mask | Mask for the associated IP subnet. |
No IP address is defined for the switch.
Interface configuration
A switch can have one IP address.
The IP address of the switch can be accessed only by nodes connected to ports that belong to VLAN 1.
The following example shows how to configure the IP address for the switch on a subnetted network:
Switch(config)# interface vlan 1 Switch(config-if)# ip address 172.20.128.2 255.255.255.0
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show running-config command in privileged EXEC mode.
show running-config
clear ip address
Use the login authentication line configuration command to enable authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) for logins. Use the no form of this command to either disable TACACS+ authentication for logins or to return to the default.
login authentication {default | list-name}
no login {default | list-name}
default | Use the default list created with the AAA authentication login command. |
list-name | Use the indicated list created with the AAA authentication login command. |
Line configuration
To create a default list that is used if no list is specified in the login authentication command, use the default argument followed by the methods you want used in default situations. The default method list is automatically applied to all interfaces.
For example, to specify TACACS as the default method for user authentication during login, enter the following:
Switch# login authentication default tacacs
enable password
password
username
Use the login line configuration command to enable password checking at login. Use the no form of this command to disable password checking and allow connections without a password.
login [local | tacacs]
no login
local | (Optional) Selects local password checking. Authentication is based on the username specified with the username global configuration command. |
tacacs | (Optional) Selects the Terminal Access Controller Access Control System (TACACS)-style user ID and password-checking mechanism. |
Virtual terminals require a password. If you do not set a password for a virtual terminal, it responds to attempted connections by displaying an error message and closing the connection.
Line configuration
If you specify the login command without the local or tacacs option, authentication is based on the password specified with the password line configuration command.
The following example shows how to set the password letmein on virtual terminal line 4:
Switch(config-line)# line vty 4 Switch(config-line)# password letmein Switch(config-line)# login
The following example shows how to enable the TACACS-style user ID and password-checking mechanism:
Switch(config-line)# line 0 Switch(config-line)# password <mypassword> Switch(config-line)# login tacacs
enable password
password
username
Use the login tacacs line configuration command to configure your switch to use TACACS authentication. Use the no form of this command to disable TACACS user authentication for a line. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
login tacacs
no login tacacs
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Disabled
Line configuration
You can use TACACS security if you have configured a TACACS server and you have a command control language (CCL) script that allows you to use TACACS security. For information about using files provided by Cisco Systems to modify CCL scripts to support TACACS user authentication, refer to the Access Services Configuration Guide.
In the following example, lines 1 through 16 are configured for TACACS user authentication:
Switch(config-line)# line 1 16
Switch(config-line)# login tacacs
Use the mac-address-table aging-time global configuration command to set the length of time that a dynamic entry remains in the MAC address table after the entry is used or updated. Use the no form of this command to use the default aging-time interval. The aging time applies to all VLANs.
mac-address-table aging-time age
no mac-address-table aging-time
age | Number from 10 to 1000000 (seconds). |
The default is 300 seconds.
Global configuration
If hosts do not transmit continuously, increase the aging time to record the dynamic entries for a longer time. This can reduce the possibility of flooding when the hosts transmit again.
The following example shows how to set the aging time to 200 seconds:
Switch(config)# mac-address-table aging-time 200
You can verify the previous command by entering the show mac-address-table command in privileged EXEC mode.
clear mac-address-table
mac-address-table dynamic
mac-address-table secure
port block
show cgmp
show mac-address-table
Use the mac-address-table dynamic global configuration command to add dynamic addresses to the MAC address table. Dynamic addresses are automatically added to the address table and dropped from it when they are not in use. Use the no form of this command to remove dynamic entries from the MAC address table.
mac-address-table dynamic hw-addr interface [atm slot/port] [vlan vlan-id]
no mac-address-table dynamic hw-addr [vlan vlan-id]
hw-addr | MAC address added to or removed from the table. |
interface | Port to which packets destined for hw-addr are forwarded. |
atm | (Optional) Add dynamic addresses to ATM module slot/port. |
slot | Dynamic address is associated with slot (1 or 2) port. |
port | Add dynamic addresses to this port. The port number is always 0 for ATM interfaces. |
vlan | (Optional) The interface and vlan parameters together specify a destination to which packets destined for hw-addr are forwarded. This keyword is optional if the port is a static-access or dynamic-access VLAN port. In this case, the VLAN assigned to the port is assumed to be that of the port associated with the MAC address. Note When this command is executed on a dynamic-access port, queries to the VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS) do not occur. The VMPS cannot verify that the address is allowed or determine to which VLAN the port should be assigned. This command should only be used for testing purposes.This keyword is required for multi-VLAN and trunk ports. This keyword is required on trunk ports to specify to which VLAN the dynamic address is assigned. |
vlan-id | ID of the VLAN to which packets destined for hw-addr are forwarded. |
Global configuration
If the variable vlan-id is omitted and the no form of the command is used, the MAC address is removed from all VLANs.
The following example shows how to add a MAC address on port fa1/1 to VLAN 4:
Switch(config)# mac-address-table dynamic 00c0.00a0.03fa fa1/1 vlan 4
You can verify the previous command by entering the show mac-address-table command in privileged EXEC mode.
clear mac-address-table
mac-address-table aging-time
mac-address-table static
show mac-address-table
Use the mac-address-table secure global configuration command to add secure addresses to the MAC address table. Use the no form of this command to remove secure entries from the MAC address table.
mac-address-table secure hw-addr interface [atm slot/port] [vlan vlan-id]
no mac-address-table secure hw-addr [vlan vlan-id]
hw-addr | MAC address that is added to the table. |
interface | Port to which packets destined for hw-addr are forwarded. |
atm | (Optional) Add secure address to ATM module slot/port. |
slot | Secure address is associated with slot. |
port | Add secure address to this port. This is always 0 for ATM interface. |
vlan | (Optional) The interface and vlan parameters together specify a destination to which packets destined for hw-addr are forwarded. This keyword is optional if the port is a static-access VLAN port. In this case, the VLAN assigned to the port is assumed to be that of the port associated with the MAC address. This keyword is required for multi-VLAN and trunk ports. |
vlan-id | ID of the VLAN to which secure entries are added. |
Global configuration
Secure addresses can be assigned only to one port at a time. Therefore, if a secure address table entry for the specified MAC address and VLAN already exists on another port, it is removed from that port and assigned to the specified one.
In Enterprise Edition Software, dynamic-access ports do not support secure addresses.
The following example shows how to add a secure MAC address to VLAN 6 of port fa1/1:
Switch(config)# mac-address-table secure 00c0.00a0.03fa fa1/1 vlan 6
The following example shows how to add a secure MAC address to ATM port 2/1:
Switch(config)# mac-address-table secure 00c0.00a0.03fa atm 2/1
You can verify the previous command by entering the show mac-address-table command in privileged EXEC mode.
clear mac-address-table
mac-address-table aging-time
mac-address-table dynamic
mac-address-table static
show mac-address-table
Use the mac-address-table static global configuration command to add static addresses to the MAC address table. Use the no form of this command to remove static entries from the MAC address table.
mac-address-table static hw-addr in-port out-port-list [atm slot/port] [vlan vlan-id]
no mac-address-table static hw-addr [in-port in-port] [out-port-list out-port-list] [vlan vlan-id]
hw-addr | MAC address to add to the address table. |
in-port | Input port from which packets received with a destination address of hw-addr are forwarded to the list of ports in the out-port-list. The in-port must belong to the same VLAN as all the ports in the out-port-list. |
out-port-list | List of ports to which packets received on ports in in-port are forwarded. All ports in the list must belong to the same VLAN. |
atm | (Optional) Add dynamic addresses to ATM module slot/port. |
slot | Dynamic address is associated with slot (1 or 2) port. |
port | Add dynamic addresses to this port. The port number is always 0 for ATM interfaces. |
vlan | (Optional) The interface and VLAN parameters together specify a destination to which packets destined for the specified MAC address are forwarded. This keyword is optional if all the ports specified by in-port and out-port-list are static-access VLAN ports. The VLAN assigned to the ports is assumed. This keyword is required for multi-VLAN and trunk ports. Dynamic-access ports cannot be included in static addresses as either the source (in-port) or destination (out-port). This keyword is required on trunk ports to specify to which VLAN the static address is assigned. |
vlan-id | ID of the VLAN to which static address entries are forwarded. |
Global configuration
When a packet is received on the input port, it is forwarded to the VLAN of each port you specify for the out-port-list. Different input ports can have different output-port lists for each static address. Adding a static address already defined as one modifies the port map (vlan and out-port-list) for the input port specified.
If the variable vlan-id is omitted and the no form of the command is used, the MAC address is removed from all VLANs.
Traffic from a static address is only accepted from a port defined in the in-port variable.
In Enterprise Edition Software, dynamic-access ports cannot be configured as the source or destination port in a static address entry.
The following example adds a static address with port 1 as an input port and ports 2 and 8 of VLAN 4 as output ports:
Switch(config)# mac-address-table static c2f3.220a.12f4 fa0/1 fa0/2 fa0/8 vlan 4
You can verify the previous command by entering the show mac-address-table command in privileged EXEC mode.
clear mac-address-table
mac-address-table aging-time
mac-address-table dynamic
mac-address-table secure
show mac-address-table
Use the ntp access-group global configuration command to control access to the system's Network Time Protocol (NTP) services. Use the no ntp access-group command to remove access control to the system's NTP services.
ntp access-group {query-only | serve-only | serve | peer} access-list-number
no ntp access-group {query-only | serve-only | serve | peer}
query-only | Allows only NTP control queries. See RFC 1305 (NTP version 3). |
serve-only | Allows only time requests. |
serve | Allows time requests and NTP control queries, but does not allow the system to synchronize to the remote system. |
peer | Allows time requests and NTP control queries and allows the system to synchronize to the remote system. |
access-list- | Number (1 to 99) of a standard IP access list. |
Global configuration
The access group options are scanned in the following order from least restrictive to most restrictive:
1. peer
2. serve
3. serve-only
4. query-only
Access is granted for the first match that is found. If no access groups are specified, all access is granted to all sources. If any access groups are specified, only the specified access is granted. This facility provides minimal security for the time services of the system. However, it can be circumvented by a determined programmer. If tighter security is desired, use the NTP authentication facility.
In the following example, the system is configured to allow itself to be synchronized by a peer from access list 99.
However, the system restricts access to allow only time requests from access list 42:
Switch(config)# ntp access-group peer 99 Switch(config)# ntp access-group serve-only 42
access-list
Use the ntp authenticate global configuration command to enable Network Time Protocol (NTP) authentication. Use the no form of this command to disable the feature.
ntp authenticate
no ntp authenticate
This command has no keywords or arguments.
Authentication is not enabled.
Global configuration
Use this command if you want authentication. If this command is specified, the system will not synchronize to a system unless it carries one of the authentication keys specified in the ntp trusted-key command.
The following example shows how to enable NTP authentication:
Switch(config)# ntp authenticate
ntp authentication-key
ntp trusted-key
Use the ntp authentication-key global configuration command to define an authentication key for Network Time Protocol (NTP). Use the no form of this command to remove the authentication key for NTP.
ntp authentication-key number md5 value
no ntp authentication-key number
number | Key number (1 to 4294967295) |
md5 | Use MD5 authentication. |
value | Key value (an arbitrary string of up to eight characters, with the exception of control or escape characters) |
No authentication key is defined.
Global configuration
Use this command to define authentication keys for use with other NTP commands for greater security.
The following example sets authentication key 10 to aNiceKey:
Switch(config)# ntp authentication-key 10 md5 aNiceKey
ntp authenticate
ntp peer
ntp server
ntp trusted-key
Use the ntp broadcast client interface configuration command to allow the system to receive NTP broadcast packets on an interface. Use the no form of the command to disable this capability.
ntp broadcast client
no ntp broadcast client
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Broadcast client mode is not enabled.
Interface configuration
Use this command to allow the system to listen to broadcast packets on an interface-by-interface basis.
In the following example, the router synchronizes to NTP packets broadcasted on interface VLAN1:
Switch(config-if)# interface vlan1 Switch(config-if)# ntp broadcast client
ntp broadcast
ntp broadcastdelay
Use the ntp broadcastdelay global configuration command to set the estimated round-trip delay between the IOS software and a Network Time Protocol (NTP) broadcast server. Use the no form of this command to revert to the default value.
ntp broadcastdelay microseconds
no ntp broadcastdelay
microseconds | Estimated round-trip time (in microseconds) for NTP broadcasts. The range is from 1 to 999999. |
The default is 3000 microseconds.
Global configuration
Use this command when the switch is configured as a broadcast client and the round-trip delay on the network is other than 3000 microseconds.
In the following example, the estimated round-trip delay between the switch and the broadcast client is set to 5000 microseconds:
Switch(config)# ntp broadcastdelay 5000
ntp broadcast
ntp broadcast client
Use the ntp broadcast destination interface configuration command to configure an NTP server or peer to restrict broadcast of NTP frames to the IP address of a designated client or a peer.
ntp broadcast destination IP-address
IP-address | IP address of a designated client or a peer. |
Interface configuration
ntp broadcast client
ntp broadcastdelay
Use the ntp broadcast key interface configuration command to configure an Network Time Protocol (NTP) server or peer to broadcast NTP frames with the authentication key embedded into the NTP packet.
ntp broadcast key
This command has no arguments.
Interface configuration
ntp broadcast client
ntp broadcastdelay
Use the ntp broadcast interface configuration command to specify that a specific interface should send Network Time Protocol (NTP) broadcast packets. Use the no form of the command to disable this capability.
ntp broadcast [version number]
no ntp broadcast
version | (Optional) Indicates the NTP version. |
number | Number from 1 to 3. |
Version 3 is the default.
Interface configuration
If you are using version 2 and the NTP synchronization does not occur, use NTP version 2.
In the following example, interface VLAN1 is configured to send NTP version 2 packets:
Switch(config-if)# interface vlan1 Switch(config-if)# ntp broadcast version 2
ntp broadcast client
ntp broadcastdelay
Use the ntp disable interface configuration command to prevent an interface from receiving Network Time Protocol (NTP) packets. To enable receipt of NTP packets on an interface, use the no ntp disable command.
ntp disable
no ntp disable
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Interface configuration
In the following example, interface VLAN1 is prevented from receiving NTP packets:
Switch(config-if)# interface vlan1 Switch(config-if)# ntp disable
Do not enter this command; it is documented for informational purposes only. The system automatically generates this command as Network Time Protocol (NTP) determines the clock error and compensates.
As NTP compensates for the error in the system clock, it keeps track of the correction factor for this error. The system automatically saves this value into the system configuration using the ntp clock-period global configuration command. The system uses the no form of this command to revert to the default.
ntp clock-period value
no ntp clock-period
value | Amount to add to the system clock for each clock hardware tick (in units of 2 to 32 seconds). |
Global configuration
If a write memory command is entered to save the configuration to nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM), this command will automatically be added to the configuration. It is a good idea to perform this task after NTP has been running for a week or so; NTP will synchronize more quickly if the system is restarted.
Use the ntp max-associations global configuration command to set the maximum number of Network Time Protocol (NTP) associations that are allowed on a server. Use the no form of this command to disable this feature.
ntp max-associations [number]
no ntp max-associations
number | Specifies the number of NTP associations. The range is 0 through 4294967295. |
Global configuration
This command provides a simple method to control the number of peers that can use the switch to synchronize to it through NTP.
After you enable a switch as NTP, use this command to set the maximum number of associations that are allowed on a server.
The following example shows how to set the maximum number of NTP associations to 44:
Switch(config)# ntp max-associations 44
Use the ntp peer global configuration command to configure the switch's system clock to synchronize a peer or to be synchronized by a peer. Use the no ntp peer command to disable this capability.
ntp peer ip-address [version number] [key keyid] [source interface] [prefer]
no ntp peer ip-address
ip-address | IP address of the peer providing, or being provided, the clock synchronization. |
version | (Optional) Defines the Network Time Protocol (NTP) version number. |
number | (Optional) NTP version number (1 to 3). |
key | (Optional) Defines the authentication key. |
keyid | (Optional) Authentication key to use when sending packets to this peer. |
source | (Optional) Authentication key to use when sending packets to this peer. |
interface | (Optional) Name of the interface from which to pick the IP source address. |
prefer | (Optional) Makes this peer the preferred peer that provides synchronization. |
Global configuration
Using the prefer keyword will reduce switching between peers.
If you are using the default NTP version of 3 and NTP synchronization does not occur, try using NTP version 2. Many NTP servers on the Internet run version 2.
In the following example, the router is configured to allow its system clock to be synchronized with the clock of the peer (or vice versa) at IP address 131.108.22.33 using NTP version 2. The source IP address will be the address of Ethernet 0.
Switch(config)# ntp peer 131.108.22.33 version 2 source Ethernet 0
ntp authentication-key
ntp server
ntp source
Use the ntp server global configuration command to allow the switch's system clock to be synchronized by a time server. Use the no ntp server command to disable this capability.
ntp server ip-address [version number] [key keyid] [source interface] [prefer]
no ntp server ip-address
ip-address | IP address of the time server providing the clock synchronization. |
version | (Optional) Defines the Network Time Protocol (NTP) version number. |
number | (Optional) NTP version number (1 to 3). |
key | (Optional) Defines the authentication key. |
keyid | (Optional) Authentication key to use when sending packets to this peer. |
source | (Optional) Identifies the interface from which to pick the IP source address. |
interface | (Optional) Name of the interface from which to pick the IP source address. |
prefer | (Optional) Makes this server the preferred server that provides synchronization. |
Global configuration
Use this command if you want to allow this machine to synchronize with the specified server. The server will not synchronize to this machine.
Using the prefer keyword will reduce switching between servers.
If you are using the default NTP version of 3 and NTP synchronization does not occur, try using NTP version 2. Many NTP servers on the Internet run version 2.
In the following example, the router is configured to allow its system clock to be synchronized with the clock of the peer at IP address 128.108.22.44 using NTP version 2:
Switch(config)# ntp server 128.108.22.44 version 2
ntp authentication-key
ntp peer
ntp source
Use the ntp source global configuration command to use a particular source address in Network Time Protocol (NTP) packets. Use the no form of this command to remove the specified source address.
ntp source interface
no ntp source
interface | Any valid system interface name. |
Global configuration
Use this command when you want to use a particular source IP address for all NTP packets. The address is taken from the specified interface. This command is useful if the address on an interface cannot be used as the destination for reply packets. If the source keyword is present on an ntp server or ntp peer command, that value overrides the global value.
In the following example, the router is configured to use the IP address of VLAN1 as the source address of all outgoing NTP packets:
Switch(config)# ntp source vlan1
ntp peer
ntp server
Use the ntp trusted-key global configuration command if you want to authenticate the identity of a system to which Network Time Protocol (NTP) will synchronize. Use the no form of this command to disable authentication of the identity of the system.
ntp trusted-key key-number
no ntp trusted-key key-number
key-number | Number of authentication key to be allowed. |
Global configuration
If authentication is enabled, use this command to define one or more key numbers that a peer NTP system must provide in its NTP packets, in order for this system to synchronize to it. The key numbers must correspond to the keys defined with the ntp authentication-key command. This provides protection against accidentally synchronizing the system to a system that is not allowed, since the other system must know the correct authentication key.
In the following example, the system is configured to synchronize only to systems providing authentication key 42 in its NTP packets:
Switch(config)# ntp authenticate Switch(config)# ntp authentication-key 42 md5 aNiceKey Switch(config)# ntp trusted-key 42
ntp authenticate
ntp authentication-key
Use the port block interface configuration command to block the flooding of unknown unicast or multicast packets to a port. Use the no form of this command to resume normal forwarding.
port block {unicast | multicast}
no port block {unicast | multicast}
unicast | Packets with unknown unicast addresses are not forwarded to this port. |
multicast | Packets with unknown multicast addresses are not forwarded to this port. |
Flood unknown unicast and multicast packets to all ports.
Interface configuration
The port block command cannot be entered for a network port.
In Enterprise Edition Software, if a trunk port is not a network port, the unicast keyword applies. The multicast keyword is supported on trunk ports. Both port block features affect all the VLANs associated with the trunk port.
The following example shows how to block the forwarding of multicast and unicast packets to a port:
Switch(config-if)# port block unicast Switch(config-if)# port block multicast
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show port block command in privileged EXEC mode.
show port block
Use the port group interface configuration command to assign a port to a Fast EtherChannel or Gigabit EtherChannel port group. Up to 12 port groups can be created on a switch. Any number of ports can belong to a destination-based port group. Up to eight ports can belong to a source-based port group. Use the no form of this command to remove a port from a port group.
port group group-number [distribution {source | destination}]
no port group
group-number | Port group number to which the port belongs. A number from 1 to 12 is valid. |
distribution | (Optional) Forwarding method for the port group. |
source | Set the port to forward traffic to a port group based on the packet source address. This is the default forwarding method. |
destination | Set the port to forward traffic to a port group based on the packet destination address. |
Port does not belong to a port group.
The default forwarding method is source.
Interface configuration
An ATM port is the only port that cannot belong to a port group. For all other ports, the following restrictions apply:
When a group is first formed, the switch automatically sets the following parameters to be the same on all ports:
Configuration of the first port added to the group is used when setting the above parameters for other ports in the group. After a group is formed, changing any parameter in the above list changes the parameter on all other ports.
Use the distribution parameter to customize the port group to your particular environment. The forwarding method you choose depends on how your network is configured. However, source-based forwarding works best for most network configurations.
This command is not supported on the ATM modules.
The following example shows how to add a port to a port group using the default source-based forwarding:
Switch(config-if)# port group 1
The following example shows how to add a port to a group using destination-based forwarding:
Switch(config-if)# port group 2 distribution destination
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show port group command in privileged EXEC mode.
show port group
Use the port monitor interface configuration command to enable Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN) port monitoring on a port. Use the no form of this command to return the port to its default value.
port monitor [interface interface]
no port monitor [interface]
interface | Type of interface. |
interface | (Optional) Module and port number for the SPAN to be enabled. |
Port does not monitor any other ports.
Interface configuration
Enabling port monitoring without specifying a port causes all other ports in the same VLAN to be monitored.
ATM ports are the only ports that cannot be monitor ports. However, you can monitor ATM ports. The following restrictions apply for ports that have port-monitoring capability:
The following example shows how to enable port monitoring on port fa0/2:
Switch(config-if)# port monitor fa0/2
You can verify the previous command by entering the show port monitor command in privileged EXEC mode.
show port monitor
Use the port network interface configuration command to define a port as the switch network port. All traffic with unknown unicast addresses is forwarded to the network port on the same VLAN. Use the no form of this command to return the port to the default value.
port network
no port network
This command has no arguments or keywords.
No network port is defined.
Interface configuration
The following restrictions apply to network ports:
The following example shows how to set a port as a network port.
Switch(config-if)# port network
You can verify the previous command by entering the show port network command in privileged EXEC mode.
show port network
Use the port security interface configuration command to enable port security on a port. Use the no form of this command to return the port to its default value.
port security [action {shutdown | trap}]
port security [max-mac-count addresses]
no port security
action | (Optional) Action to take when an address violation occurs on this port. |
shutdown | Disable the port when a security violation occurs. |
trap | Generate an SNMP trap when a security violation occurs. |
max-mac-count | (Optional) Maximum number of secure addresses that this port can support. |
addresses | Number from 1 to 132. |
Port security is disabled.
When enabled, the default action is to generate an SNMP trap.
Interface configuration
If you specify trap, use the snmp-server host command to configure the SNMP trap host to receive traps.
The following restrictions apply to secure ports:
The following example shows how to enable port security and what action the port takes in case of an address violation (shutdown).
Switch(config-if)# port security action shutdown
The following example shows how to set the maximum number of addresses that the port can learn to 8.
Switch(config-if)# port security max-mac-count 8
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show port security command in privileged EXEC mode.
show port security
Use the port storm-control interface configuration command to enable broadcast-storm control on a port. Use the no form of this command to disable storm control or one of the storm-control parameters on the port.
port storm-control {filter | trap | threshold {rising rising-number falling falling-number}}
no port storm-control {filter | trap | threshold}
filter | (Optional) Disable the port during a broadcast storm. |
trap | (Optional) Generate an SNMP trap when the traffic on the port crosses the rising or falling threshold. |
threshold | (Optional) Rising and falling threshold values to follow. |
rising | Block the normal flooding of broadcast packets when the value specified for rising-number is reached. |
rising-number | 0 to 4294967295 broadcast packets per second. |
falling | Restart the normal flooding of broadcast packets when the value specified for falling-number is reached. |
falling-number | 0 to 4294967295 broadcast packets per second. |
Broadcast storm control is not enabled.
Interface configuration
The following example shows how to enable broadcast storm control on a port. In this example, flooding is inhibited when the number of broadcast packets arriving on the port reaches 1000 and is restarted when the number returns to 200.
Switch(config-if)# port storm-control threshold rising 1000 falling 200
You can verify the previous command by entering the show port storm-control command in privileged EXEC mode.
show port storm-control
Use the rcommand user EXEC command to execute commands on a member switch from the command switch. If the user is executing on the cluster command switch at user-level, the rcommand command accesses the remote device at user level. If you use this command on the cluster command switch at privileged-level, the command accesses the remote device at privileged-level. If you use an intermediate enable level lower than privileged, access to the member switch is at user level.
rcommand n | mac-address hw-addr | commander
n | Provide the number that identifies a cluster member. |
mac-address | Provide the MAC address for the cluster member. |
hw-addr | Mac address of the member's command switch. |
commander | (Optional) Provide the name of the command switch. |
User EXEC
If the switch is the cluster command switch but the member switch n does not exist, an error message appears.
You can use this command to access a member switch from the command switch prompt or access a command switch from the member switch prompt. You will have the same access level for all switches when you use this command to access other switches.
This command will not work if the vty lines of the command switch have access-class configurations.
Following is an example of the rcommand command without another command as a parameter. All subsequent commands will be directed to the specified member switch until you enter the exit command or close the session.
switch> rcommand 3 switch> show version Cisco Internet Operating System Software ... ... switch# exit switch#
show cluster member
cluster
Use the reset VLAN database command to abandon the proposed VLAN database and remain in VLAN database mode. This command resets the proposed database to the currently implemented VLAN database on the switch. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
reset
This command has no arguments or keywords.
No default is defined.
VLAN database
The following example shows how to abandon the proposed VLAN database and reset to the current VLAN database:
Switch(vlan)# reset Switch(vlan)#
You can verify the previous command by entering the show changes and show proposed commands in VLAN database mode.
Use the session privileged EXEC command to log into the ATM module operating system and start a command-line interface (CLI) session. Enter the exit command or Ctrl-G to return to the switch command-line interface.
session number
number | Slot number (1 or 2). |
Privileged EXEC
The following example shows how to log into the ATM module number 1:
Switch# session 1
Use the show cgmp privileged EXEC command to display the current state of the CGMP-learned multicast groups and routers.
show cgmp [state | holdtime | [vlan vlan-id] | [group [address] | router [address]]]
state | (Optional) Display whether CGMP is enabled or not, whether Fast Leave is enabled or not, and the router port timeout value. |
holdtime | (Optional) Display the router port timeout value in seconds. |
vlan | (Optional) Limit the display to the specified VLAN. |
vlan-id | ID of VLAN to which the command applies. |
group | (Optional) Display all known multicast groups and the destination ports. Limited to given VLAN if vlan keyword is entered; limited to a specific group if the address parameter is entered. |
address | MAC address of the group or router. |
router | (Optional) Display all routers, their ports, and expiration times. Limited to given VLAN if vlan keyword entered; limited to a specific router if the address parameter is entered. |
Privileged EXEC
This command displays CGMP information about known routers and groups, as well as whether CGMP is enabled, whether Fast Leave is enabled, and the current value of the router timeout. If show cgmp is entered with no arguments, all information is displayed.
The following is sample output from the show cgmp command.
Switch# show cgmp
CGMP is running.
CGMP Fast Leave is not running.
Default router timeout is 300 sec.
vLAN IGMP MAC Address Interfaces
------ ----------------- -----------
1 0100.5e01.0203 Fa0/8
1 0100.5e00.0128 Fa0/8
vLAN IGMP Router Expire Interface
------ ----------------- -------- ----------
1 0060.5cf3.d1b3 197 sec Fa0/8
cgmp
clear cgmp
Use the show changes VLAN database command to display the differences between the VLAN database currently on the switch and the proposed VLAN database. You can also display the differences between the two for a selected VLAN. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
show changes [vlan-id]
vlan-id | (Optional) ID of the VLAN in the current or proposed database. If this variable is omitted, all the differences between the two VLAN databases are displayed, including the pruning state and V2 mode. Valid IDs are from 1 to 1005. |
VLAN database
The following is sample output from the show changes command. It displays the differences between the current and proposed databases.
Switch(vlan)# show changes
DELETED:
VLAN ISL Id: 4
Name: VLAN0004
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100004
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
DELETED:
VLAN ISL Id: 6
Name: VLAN0006
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100006
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
MODIFIED:
VLAN ISL Id: 7
Current State: Operational
Modified State: Suspended
The following is sample output from the show changes 7 command. It displays the differences between VLAN 7 in the current database and the proposed database.
Switch(vlan)# show changes 7
MODIFIED:
VLAN ISL Id: 7
Current State: Operational
Modified State: Suspended
Use the show cluster user EXEC command to show a status summary of the cluster to which the switch belongs.
show cluster
This command has no arguments or keywords.
User EXEC
You can use this command to determine whether the switch is a command switch, member switch, candidate switch, or edge device. This command displays the following information:
If a member switch cannot find its command switch, it displays any information that is available to it. Its cluster-member number is unknown.
The following example shows this command being used on the command switch:
Tahiti-24> show cluster Command device for cluster "default_cluster", contains 6 members. Member state: 0 members are unreachable Time since last status change: 5 days, 17 hours, 45 minutes
The following example shows this command being used on a member switch:
Tahiti-12> show cluster Cluster member 5 Cluster name: default_cluster Management ip address: 172.20.128.27 Command device mac address: 0050.5494.3c40
The following example shows this command being used on the command switch that is separated from member 1:
Tahiti-24> show cluster Command device for cluster "default_cluster", contains 6 members. Member state: 1 members are unreachable Time since last status change: 5 days, 17 hours, 45 minutes
The following example shows this command being used on a member switch that is separated from the command switch:
Tahiti-12> show cluster Cluster member <unknown> Cluster name: default_cluster Management ip address: 172.20.128.27 Command device mac address: 0050.5494.3c40
The following example shows this command being used on a member switch that is separated from the command switch and then restarted:
Tahiti-12> show cluster Cluster member <unknown> Cluster name: default_cluster Management ip address: 172.20.128.27 Command device mac address: 0050.5494.3c40
show cluster candidates
show cluster view
show cluster members
cluster
cluster enable
Use the show cluster candidates user EXEC command to get a list of candidate switches. This command is available only in command-switch enabled software.
show cluster candidates [mac-address hw-addr]]
mac-address | Get detailed information about the specified candidate. |
hw-addr | MAC address for the cluster candidate. |
User EXEC
You can only use this command on a command switch.
This command shows a list of all cluster candidates that are one hop away from a current cluster member, and are not active members of another cluster.
Following is a sample output of the show cluster candidates command:
Switch> show cluster candidates
|---Upstream---|
MAC Address Name Device Type PortIf FEC Hops SN PortIf FEC
0050.0f08.91c0 murali-99.ci WS-C2924-XL Fa0/1 1 0 Fa0/9
0050.0f08.a500 murali-222.c WS-C2912MF-XL Fa0/1 1 0 Fa0/23
0050.50be.b2c0 4meg-switch WS-C2924-XL Fa0/1 1 0 Fa0/7
Switch> show cluster candidates mac-address 0050.0f08.91c0
Device cisco WS-C2924-XL with mac address:0050.0f08.91c0 connects to Member 0
Candidate port Fa0/1, connects to member port Fa0/9
Candidate is 1 hops from the command device.
Switch>
show cluster
show cluster view
show cluster members
cluster
Use the show cluster members user EXEC command to display information about the cluster members. Use the no form of this command to disable the command switch.
show cluster members [n]
n | (Optional) Number that identifies a cluster member. The cluster command switch is member number 0. |
User EXEC
You must enter this command from the command switch.
Following is a sample output of the show cluster members command:
Tahiti-24> show cluster members
|---Upstream---|
SN MAC Address Name PortIf FEC Hops SN PortIf FEC State
0 0050.5494.3c40 Tahiti-24 0 Cmdr
3 00e0.1e9f.8300 Balboa Gi2/1 2 4 Gi0/7 Up
4 0050.5494.34ff Wailea Gi0/6 1 0 Gi0/1 Up
5 0050.5494.2ac0 Tahiti-12 Gi0/1 1 0 Gi0/2 Up
6 00e0.1e9f.7a00 Surfers-24 Fa0/5 1 0 Fa0/3 Up
7 0010.7bb6.1cc0 Ventura Fa2/1 3 3 Fa0/24 Up
Tahiti-24> show cluster member 3
Member Number: 3 Name: es3 State: Up
Device: cisco WS-C2924M-XL
FEC Number: Mac Address: 00e0.1e9f.8300
Link port: Gi2/1 Hops to command device: 2
Connected to member number 4
Mac address: 0050.5494.34ff Link port: Gi0/7
cluster member
show cluster
show cluster candidates
show cluster view
Use the show cluster view command to show all current members of and candidates for neighbors of the cluster.
show cluster view
This command has no arguments.
User EXEC
Following is a sample output of the show cluster view command:
Tahiti-24> show cluster view
|---Upstream---|
SN MAC Address Name Device Type PortIf FEC Hops SN PortIf FEC
0 0050.5494.3c40 Tahiti-24 WS-C3524-XL 0
3 00e0.1e9f.8300 Balboa WS-C2924M-XL Gi2/1 2 4 Gi0/7
4 0050.5494.34ff Wailea WS-C3508G-XL Gi0/6 1 0 Gi0/1
5 0050.5494.2ac0 Tahiti-12 WS-C3512-XL Gi0/2 2 4 Gi0/8
6 00e0.1e9f.7a00 Surfers-24 WS-C2924-XL Fa0/5 1 0 Fa0/3
7 0010.7bb6.1cc0 Ventura WS-C2912MF-XL Fa2/1 3 3 Fa0/24
0010.0de0.75d4 zuma-alpha-2 WS-C2924-XL Fa0/20 1 0 Fa0/24
00e0.1e9f.8c00 Tahiti-24-2 WS-C2912-XL Fa0/4 1 0 Fa0/7
00e0.1e9f.8c40 Surfers-12-1 WS-C2912-XL Fa0/1 1 0 Fa0/9
show cluster candidates
Use the show current VLAN database command to display the current VLAN database on the switch or a selected VLAN from it. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
show current [vlan-id]
vlan-id | (Optional) ID of the VLAN in the current database. If this variable is omitted, the entire VLAN database displays, included the pruning state and V2 mode. Valid IDs are from 1 to 1005. |
VLAN database
The following is sample output from the show current command. It displays the current VLAN database.
Switch(vlan)# show current
VLAN ISL Id: 1
Name: default
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100001
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
Translational Bridged VLAN: 1002
Translational Bridged VLAN: 1003
VLAN ISL Id: 2
Name: VLAN0002
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100002
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
VLAN ISL Id: 3
Name: VLAN0003
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100003
State: Operational
MTU: 4000
VLAN ISL Id: 4
Name: VLAN0004
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100004
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
VLAN ISL Id: 5
Name: VLAN0005
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100005
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
VLAN ISL Id: 6
Name: VLAN0006
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100006
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
The following is sample output from the show current 2 command. It displays only VLAN 2 of the current database.
Switch(vlan)# show current 2
VLAN ISL Id: 2
Name: VLAN0002
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100002
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
Use the show file systems privileged EXEC command to show file system information.
show file systems
The command has no arguments.
Privileged EXEC
The following is sample output from the show file systems command:
System# show file systems
File Systems:
Size(b) Free(b) Type Flags Prefixes
- - opaque rw null:
- - opaque rw system:
- - opaque ro xmodem:
- - rcp rw rcp:
- - tftp rw tftp:
3612672 1507328 flash rw flash:
3612672 1507328 unknown rw zflash:
- - opaque rw bs:
Use the show interface privileged EXEC mode command to display the administrative and operational status of a switching (nonrouting) port.
show interface interface-id [switchport [allowed-vlan | prune-elig]]
interface-id | ID of the module and port number. |
switchport | (Optional) Display the administrative and operational status of a switching (nonrouting) port. |
allowed-vlan | (Optional) Display the VLAN IDs that receive and transmit all types of traffic on the trunk port. By default, all VLAN IDs are included. |
prune-elig | (Optional) Display the VLAN ID whose flood traffic can be pruned. VLAN 1 and VLANs 1002 through 1005 are not eligible for pruning. By default, no VLANs are pruning eligible on the trunk. |
Privileged EXEC
The following is sample output from the show interface fa0/2 switchport command. Table 2-1 describes each field in the display.
Switch# show interface fa0/2 switchport Name: fa0/2 Switchport: Enabled Administrative Mode: Static Access Operational Mode: Static Access Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: ISL Operational Trunking Encapsulation: ISL Negotiation of Trunking: Disabled Access Mode VLAN: 1 (default) Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default) Trunking VLANs Enabled: 1-30, 50, 100-1005 Pruning VLANs Enabled: NONE
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
Name | Displays the port name. |
Switchport | Displays the administrative and operational status of the port. In this display, the port is in switchport mode. |
Administrative Mode Operational Mode | Displays the administrative and operational mode. |
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation Operation Trunking Encapsulation Negotiation of Trunking | Displays the administrative and operational encapsulation method. Also displays whether trunking negotiation is enabled. |
Access Mode VLAN | VLAN ID. |
Trunking Native Mode Trunking VLANs Enabled Trunking VLANs Active | Lists the VLAN ID of the trunk that is in native mode. Lists the active VLANs on the trunk. |
Pruning VLANs Enabled | Lists the VLANs that are pruning eligible. |
Use the show mac-address-table privileged EXEC command to display the MAC address table.
show mac-address-table [static | dynamic | secure | self | aging-time | count]
[address hw-addr] [interface interface] [atm slot/port][vlan vlan-id]
static | (Optional) Display only the static addresses. |
dynamic | (Optional) Display only the dynamic addresses. |
secure | (Optional) Display only the secure addresses. |
self | (Optional) Display only addresses added by the switch itself. |
aging-time | (Optional) Display aging-time for dynamic addresses for all VLANs. |
count | (Optional) Display a count for different kinds of MAC addresses. |
address | (Optional) Display information for a specific address. |
hw-addr | Display information for this address. |
interface | (Optional) Display addresses for a specific port. |
interface | Display addresses for this port. |
atm | (Optional) Add dynamic addresses to ATM module slot/port. |
slot | Dynamic address is associated with slot (1 or 2) port. |
port | Add dynamic addresses to this port. The port number is always 0 for ATM interfaces. |
vlan | (Optional) Display addresses for a specific VLAN. |
vlan-id | Display addresses for this VLAN. |
Privileged EXEC
This command displays the MAC address table for the switch. Specific views can be defined by using the optional keywords and values. If more than one optional keyword is used, then all of the conditions must be true in order for that entry to be displayed.
The following is sample output from the show mac-address-table command:
Switch# show mac-address-table Dynamic Addresses Count: 9 Secure Addresses (User-defined) Count: 0 Static Addresses (User-defined) Count: 0 System Self Addresses Count: 41 Total MAC addresses: 50 Non-static Address Table: Destination Address Address Type VLAN Destination Port ------------------- ------------ ---- -------------------- 0010.0de0.e289 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet0/1 0010.7b00.1540 Dynamic 2 FastEthernet0/5 0010.7b00.1545 Dynamic 2 FastEthernet0/5 0060.5cf4.0076 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet0/1 0060.5cf4.0077 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet0/1 0060.5cf4.1315 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet0/1 0060.70cb.f301 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet0/1 00e0.1e42.9978 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet0/1 00e0.1e9f.3900 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet0/1
clear mac-address-table
Use the show ntp associations privileged EXEC command to show the status of Network Time Protocol (NTP) associations.
show ntp associations [detail]
detail | (Optional) Shows detailed information about each NTP association. |
Privileged EXEC
Detailed descriptions of the information displayed by this command can be found in the NTP specification (RFC 1305).
The following is sample output from the show ntp associations command:
Switch# show ntp associations
address ref clock st when poll reach delay offset disp
~160.89.32.2 160.89.32.1 5 29 1024 377 4.2 -8.59 1.6
+~131.108.13.33 131.108.1.111 3 69 128 377 4.1 3.48 2.3
*~131.108.13.57 131.108.1.111 3 32 128 377 7.9 11.18 3.6
* master (synced), # master (unsynced), + selected, - candidate, ~ configured
Switch#
Use the show ntp status EXEC command to show the status of Network Time Protocol (NTP).
show ntp status
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Privileged EXEC
This command deletes entries from the global MAC address table. Specific subsets can be deleted by using the optional keywords and values. If more than one optional keyword is used, all of the conditions in the argument must be true for that entry to be deleted.
The following is sample output from the show ntp status command:
Switch# show ntp status Clock is synchronized, stratum 4, reference is 131.108.13.57 nominal freq is 250.0000 Hz, actual freq is 249.9990 Hz, precision is 2**19 reference time is AFE2525E.70597B34 (00:10:22.438 PDT Mon Jul 5 1993) clock offset is 7.33 msec, root delay is 133.36 msec root dispersion is 126.28 msec, peer dispersion is 5.98 msec Switch#
show port block {unicast | multicast} [interface]
unicast | Display whether or not ports are blocking unicast packets. |
multicast | Display whether or not ports are blocking multicast packets. |
interface | (Optional) Display whether the port specified is blocking unicast or multicast packets. |
Privileged EXEC
If the variable interface is omitted, the show port block unicast and show port block multicast commands display packet blocking information on all ports.
The following is sample output from the show port block command:
Switch# show port block unicast fa0/8 FastEthernet0/8 is blocked from unknown unicast addresses
port block
Use the show port group privileged EXEC command to list the ports that belong to a port group.
show port group [group-number]
group-number | (Optional) Port group to which the port is assigned. |
Privileged EXEC
If the variable group-number is omitted, the show port group command displays all port groups on the switch.
The following is sample output from the show port group command:
Switch# show port group 1
Group Interface
----- ---------------
1 FastEthernet0/1
1 FastEthernet0/4
port group
Use the show port monitor privileged EXEC command to display the ports for which Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN) port monitoring is enabled.
show port monitor [interface]
interface | (Optional) Module and port number enabled for SPAN. |
Privileged EXEC
If the variable interface is omitted, the show port monitor command displays all monitor ports on the switch.
The following is sample output from the show port monitor command:
Switch# show port monitor fa0/8 Monitor Port Port Being Monitored ------------------ -------------------- FastEthernet0/8 FastEthernet0/1 FastEthernet0/8 FastEthernet0/2 FastEthernet0/8 FastEthernet0/3 FastEthernet0/8 FastEthernet0/4
port monitor
Use the show port network privileged EXEC command to display the network port defined for the switch or VLAN.
show port network [interface]
interface | (Optional) Port to be displayed. |
Privileged EXEC
If the variable interface is omitted, the show port network command displays all network ports on the switch.
The following is sample output from the show port network command:
Switch# show port network
Network Port VLAN ID ------------ ------- FastEthernet0/11 1
port network
Use the show port security privileged EXEC command to show the port security parameters defined for the port.
show port security [interface]
interface | (Optional) Port to be displayed. |
Privileged EXEC
If the variable interface is omitted, the show port security command displays all secure ports on the switch.
The following is sample output from the show port security command for fixed port 07:
Switch# show port security fa0/7
Secure Port Secure Addr Secure Addr Security Security Action
Cnt (Current) Cnt (Max) Reject Cnt
--------------- ------------- ----------- ---------- ----------------
FastEthernet0/7 0 132 0 Send Trap
port security
Use the show port storm-control privileged EXEC command to display the rising and falling thresholds for broadcast storm control. This command also displays the action that the switch takes when the thresholds are reached.
show port storm-control [interface]
interface | (Optional) Port to be displayed. |
Privileged EXEC
If the variable interface is omitted, the show port storm-control command displays broadcast storm control settings on all ports on the switch.
The following is sample output from the show port storm-control command:
Switch# show port storm-control Interface Filter State Trap State Rising Falling Current Traps Sent --------- ------------- ------------- ------ ------- ------- ---------- Fa0/1 <inactive> <inactive> 1000 200 0 0 Fa0/2 <inactive> <inactive> 500 250 0 0 Fa0/3 <inactive> <inactive> 500 250 0 0 Fa0/4 <inactive> <inactive> 500 250 0 0
port storm-control
Use the show proposed VLAN database command to display the proposed VLAN database or a selected VLAN from it. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
show proposed [vlan-id]
vlan-id | (Optional) ID of the VLAN in the proposed database. If this variable is omitted, the entire VLAN database displays, included the pruning state and V2 mode. Valid IDs are from 1 to 1005. |
VLAN database
If the variable vlan-id is omitted, the show proposed command displays the entire proposed VLAN database.
The proposed VLAN database is not the running configuration until you use the exit or apply command.
The following is sample output from the show proposed command:
Switch(vlan)# show proposed
VLAN ISL Id: 1
Name: default
Media Type: Ethernet
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100001
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
Translational Bridged VLAN: 1002
Translational Bridged VLAN: 1003
VLAN ISL Id: 2
Name: VLAN0002
Media Type: FDDI Net
VLAN 802.10 Id: 100002
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
STP Type: IBM
VLAN ISL Id: 1002
Name: fddi-default
Media Type: FDDI
VLAN 802.10 Id: 101002
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
Bridge Type: SRB
Translational Bridged VLAN: 1
Translational Bridged VLAN: 1003
VLAN ISL Id: 1003
Name: trcrf-default
Media Type: TRCRF
VLAN 802.10 Id: 101003
State: Operational
MTU: 4472
Bridge Type: SRB
Ring Number: 3276
Bridge Number: 1
Parent VLAN: 1005
Maximum ARE Hop Count: 7
Maximum STE Hop Count: 7
Backup CRF Mode: Disabled
Translational Bridged VLAN: 1
Translational Bridged VLAN: 1002
VLAN ISL Id: 1004
Name: fddinet-default
Media Type: FDDI Net
VLAN 802.10 Id: 101004
State: Operational
MTU: 1500
Bridge Type: SRB
Bridge Number: 1
STP Type: IBM
VLAN ISL Id: 1005
Name: trbrf-default
Media Type: TRBRF
VLAN 802.10 Id: 101005
State: Operational
MTU: 4472
Bridge Type: SRB
Bridge Number: 15
STP Type: IBM
Use the show spanning-tree privileged EXEC command to show spanning-tree information for the specified spanning-tree instances.
show spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] [interface interface-list]
vlan | (Optional) Specify VLAN IDs for the stp-list variable when displaying information about spanning-tree instances. |
stp-list | (Optional) List of spanning-tree instances. Each spanning-tree instance is associated with a VLAN ID. Enter each VLAN ID separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
interface | (Optional) Specify ports for which spanning-tree instances are displayed. |
interface-list | List of ports for which spanning-tree information is displayed. Enter each port separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
Privileged EXEC
If the variable stp-list is omitted, the command applies to the STP instance associated with VLAN 1.
The following is sample output from the show spanning-tree command for VLAN 1:
Switch# show spanning-tree vlan 1
Spanning tree 1 is executing the IEEE compatible Spanning Tree protocol
Bridge Identifier has priority 32768, address 00e0.1eb2.ddc0
Configured hello time 2, max age 20, forward delay 15
Current root has priority 32768, address 0010.0b3f.ac80
Root port is 5, cost of root path is 10
Topology change flag not set, detected flag not set, changes 1
Times: hold 1, topology change 35, notification 2
hello 2, max age 20, forward delay 15
Timers: hello 0, topology change 0, notification 0
Interface Fa0/1 in Spanning tree 1 is down
Port path cost 100, Port priority 128
Designated root has priority 32768, address 0010.0b3f.ac80
Designated bridge has priority 32768, address 00e0.1eb2.ddc0
Designated port is 1, path cost 10
Timers: message age 0, forward delay 0, hold 0
BPDU: sent 0, received 0
...
The following is sample output from the show spanning-tree interface command for port 3:
Switch# show spanning-tree interface fa0/3 Interface Fa0/3 (port 3) in Spanning tree 1 is down Port path cost 100, Port priority 128 Designated root has priority 6000, address 0090.2bba.7a40 Designated bridge has priority 32768, address 00e0.1e9f.4abf Designated port is 3, path cost 410 Timers: message age 0, forward delay 0, hold 0 BPDU: sent 0, received 0
spanning-tree
spanning-tree forward-time
spanning-tree max-age
spanning-tree port-priority
spanning-tree protocol
Use the show tacacs command to display various TACACS+ server statistics.
show tacacs
This command has no arguments.
Privileged EXEC
Use the show version privileged EXEC command to display version information for the hardware and firmware.
show version
The command has no arguments
Privileged EXEC
The following is sample output from the show version command:
Switch# show version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Technology Software IOS Technology(tm) C2900XL Software (C2900XL-H-M), Version 11.2 Copyright (c) 1986-1998 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Fri 24-Apr-98 10:51 by mollyn Image text-base: 0x00003000, data-base: 0x001A582C ROM: Bootstrap program is C2900XL boot loader Switch uptime is 1 hour, 32 minutes System restarted by power-on System image file is "flash:boot", booted via cisco WS-C2916M-XL (PowerPC403GA) processor (revision 0x11) with 4096K/1024K bytes of memory. Processor board ID 0x06, with hardware revision 0x00 Cluster command switch capable Cluster member switch capable Last reset from power-on Processor is running Enterprise Edition Software 16 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 32K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory. Base ethernet MAC Address: 00:53:45:00:02:00 Motherboard assembly number: 73-2193-07 Motherboard serial number: FAA02060647 System serial number: FAA0209Z06U Module Ports Model Hw Version Sw Version ------ ----- ----- ---------- ---------- 1 1 WS-X2951-XL 0 12.0 (19990209:004908) Configuration register is 0xF
Use the show vlan privileged EXEC command to display the parameters for all configured VLANs or one VLAN (if the VLAN ID or name is specified) in the administrative domain.
Standard Edition Software:
show vlan {brief | id vlan-id}
Enterprise Edition Software:
show vlan [brief | id vlan-id | name vlan-name]
brief | (Optional) Display one line for each VLAN with the VLAN name, status, and its ports. |
id | (Optional) Display VLAN status by VLAN ID. |
vlan-id | ID of the VLAN displayed. Valid IDs are from 1 to 1005. |
name | (Optional) Display VLAN status by VLAN name. This keyword is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software. |
vlan-name | Name of the VLAN displayed. The VLAN name is an ASCII string from 1 to 32 characters. This option is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software. |
Privileged EXEC
The following is sample output from the show vlan command (Enterprise Edition Software only):
Switch# show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/8, Fa0/10, Fa0/11,
Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15,
Fa0/16, Fa1/1, Fa1/2
2 VLAN0002 active Fa0/2
3 VLAN0003 active Fa0/3
4 VLAN0004 active Fa0/4
5 VLAN0005 suspended Fa0/5
6 VLAN0006 active Fa0/6
7 VLAN0007 active
10 VLAN0010 act/lshut
1002 fddi-default active
1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active
1005 trnet-default active
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - 1002 1003
6 fdnet 100006 1500 - - - ieee 0 0
7 trnet 100007 1500 - - 5 ieee 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - 1 1003
1003 tr 101003 1500 1005 3276 - - 1 1002
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - 1 ibm 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - 15 ibm 0 0
The following is sample output from the show vlan brief command (Enterprise Edition Software only):
Switch# show vlan brief
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/5, Fa0/6,
Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10,
Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14,
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa1/1, Fa1/2,
Fa1/3, Fa1/4, Fa2/3, Fa2/4
2 VLAN0002 active
3 VLAN0003 active
6 VLAN0006 active
7 VLAN0007 active
1002 fddi-default active
1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active
1005 trnet-default active
The following is sample output from the show vlan id 6or show vlan name VLAN006 command (Enterprise Edition Software only):
Switch# show vlan id 6 VLAN Name Status Ports ---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- 6 VLAN0006 active VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp Trans1 Trans2 ---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- ------ ------ 6 fdnet 100006 1500 - - - ieee 0 0
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Privileged EXEC
The following is sample output from the show vmps command:
Switch# show vmps
VQP Client Status:
--------------------
VMPS VQP Version: 1
Reconfirm Interval: 60 min
Server Retry Count: 3
VMPS domain server: 172.20.128.86 (primary, current)
172.20.128.87
Reconfirmation status
---------------------
VMPS Action: No Dynamic Port
vmps reconfirm
vmps retry
vmps server
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Privileged EXEC
This following is sample output from the show vmps statistics command. Table 2-2 describes each field in the display.
Switch# show vmps statistics VMPS Client Statistics ---------------------- VQP Queries: 0 VQP Responses: 0 VMPS Changes: 0 VQP Shutdowns: 0 VQP Denied: 0 VQP Wrong Domain: 0 VQP Wrong Version: 0 VQP Insufficient Resource: 0
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
VQP Queries | Number of queries sent by the client to the VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS). |
VQP Responses | Number of responses sent to the client from the VMPS. |
VMPS Changes | Number of times that the VMPS changed from one server to another. |
VQP Shutdowns | Number of times the VMPS sent a response to shutdown the port. The client disables the port and removes all dynamic addresses on this port from the address table. You must administratively reenable the port to restore connectivity. |
VQP Denied | Number of times the VMPS denied the client request for security reasons. When the VMPS response says to deny an address, no frame is forwarded to or from the workstation with that address (broadcast or multicast frames are delivered to the workstation if the port has been assigned to a VLAN). The client keeps the denied address in the address table as a blocked address to prevent further queries from being sent to the VMPS for each new packet received from this workstation. The client ages the address if no new packets are received from this workstation on this port within the aging time period. |
VQP Wrong Domain | Number of times the management domain in the request does not match the one for the VMPS. Any previous VLAN assignments of the port are not changed. Receipt of this response indicates that the server and the client have not been configured with the same VTP management domain. |
VQP Wrong Version | Number of times the version field in the query packet contains a value that is higher than the version supported by the VMPS. Previous VLAN assignment of the port is not changed. The switches send only VMPS version 1 requests. |
VQP Insufficient Resource | Number of times the VMPS is unable to answer the request because of a resource availability problem. If the retry limit has not yet been reached, the client repeats the request with the same server or with the next alternate server, depending on whether the per-server retry count has been reached. |
Use the show vtp privileged EXEC command to display general information about the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) management domain, status, and counters. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
show vtp {counters | status}
counters | Display the VTP counters for the switch. |
status | Display general information about the VTP management domain. |
Privileged EXEC
The following is sample output from the show vtp counters command. Table 2-3 describes each field in the display.
Switch# show vtp counters
VTP statistics:
summary advts received : 0
subset advts received : 0
request advts received : 0
summary advts transmitted : 0
subset advts transmitted : 0
request advts transmitted : 0
No. of config revision errors : 0
No. of config digest errors : 0
No. of V1 summary errors : 0
VTP pruning statistics:
Trunk Join Transmitted Join Received Summary advts received from
non-pruning-capable device
---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------------------
Fa2/1 242 0 0
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
Summary Advts Received | Number of summary advertisements received by this switch on its trunk ports. Summary advertisements contain the management domain name, the configuration revision number, the update timestamp and identity, the authentication checksum, and the number of subset advertisements to follow. |
Subset Advts Received | Number of subset advertisements received by this switch on its trunk ports. Subset advertisements contain all the information for one or more VLANs. |
Request Advts Received | Number of advertisement requests received by this switch on its trunk ports. Advertisement requests normally request information on all VLANs. They can also request information on a subset of VLANs. |
Summary Advts Transmitted | Number of summary advertisements sent by this switch on its trunk ports. Summary advertisements contain the management domain name, the configuration revision number, the update timestamp and identity, the authentication checksum, and the number of subset advertisements to follow. |
Subset Advts Transmitted | Number of subset advertisements sent by this switch on its trunk ports. Subset advertisements contain all the information for one or more VLANs. |
Request Advts Transmitted | Number of advertisement requests sent by this switch on its trunk ports. Advertisement requests normally request information on all VLANs. They can also request information on a subset of VLANs. |
No. of Configuration Revision Errors | Number of revision errors. Whenever you define a new VLAN, delete an existing one, suspend or resume an existing VLAN, or modify the parameters on an existing VLAN, the configuration revision number of the switch increments. Revision errors increment whenever the switch receives an advertisement whose revision number matches the revision number of the switch, but the MD5 digest values do not match. This error indicates that the VTP password in the two switches is different, or the switches have different configurations. These errors indicate that the switch is filtering incoming advertisements, which causes the VTP database to become unsynchronized across the network. |
No. of Configuration Digest Errors | Number of MD5 digest errors. Digest errors increment whenever the MD5 digest in the summary packet and the MD5 digest of the received advertisement calculated by the switch do not match. This error usually indicates that the VTP password in the two switches is different. To solve this problem, make sure the VTP password on all switches is the same. These errors indicate that the switch is filtering incoming advertisements, which causes the VTP database to become unsynchronized across the network. |
No. of V1 Summary Errors | Number of version 1 errors. Version 1 summary errors increment whenever a switch in VTP V2 mode receives a VTP version 1 frame. These errors indicate that at least one neighboring switch is either running VTP version 1 or VTP version 2 with V2-mode disabled. To solve this problem, change the configuration of the switches in VTP V2-mode to disabled. |
Join Transmitted | Number of VTP pruning messages transmitted on the trunk. |
Join Received | Number of VTP pruning messages received on the trunk. |
Summary Advts Received from non-pruning-capable device | Number of VTP summary messages received on the trunk from devices that do not support pruning. |
The following is sample output from the show vtp status command. Table 2-4 describes each field in the display.
Switch# show vtp status VTP Version : 2 Configuration Revision : 1 Maximum VLANs supported locally : 68 Number of existing VLANs : 7 VTP Operating Mode : Server VTP Domain Name : test1 VTP Pruning Mode : Disabled VTP V2 Mode : Disabled VTP Traps Generation : Disabled MD5 digest : 0x3D 0x02 0xD4 0x3A 0xC4 0x46 0xA1 0x03 Configuration last modified by 172.20.130.52 at 3-4-93 22:25:
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
VTP Version | Displays the VTP version operating on the switch. By default, Catalyst 2900 and 3500 XL switches implement version 1 but can be set to version 2. |
Configuration Revision | Number of configuration revisions on this switch. |
Maximum VLANs Supported Locally | Maximum number of VLANs supported locally. |
Number of Existing VLANs | Number of existing VLANs. |
VTP Operating Mode | Displays the VTP operating mode, which can be server, client, or transparent. Server: a switch in VTP server mode is enabled for VTP and sends advertisements. You can configure VLANs on it. The switch guarantees that it can recover all the VLAN information in the current VTP database from nonvolatile storage after reboot. By default, every switch is a VTP server. Client: a switch in VTP client mode is enabled for VTP, can send advertisements, but does not have enough nonvolatile storage to store VLAN configurations. You cannot configure VLANs on it. When a VTP client starts up, it does not transmit VTP advertisements until it receives advertisements to initialize its VLAN database. Transparent: a switch in VTP transparent mode is disabled for VTP, does not transmit advertisements or learn from advertisements sent by other devices, and cannot affect VLAN configurations on other devices in the network. The switch receives VTP advertisements and forwards them on all trunk ports except the one on which the advertisement was received. The configuration of multi-VLAN ports causes the switch to automatically enter transparent mode. Note Catalyst 2912MF XL, 2924 M XL, 3508G XL, 3512 XL, and 3524 XL switches support up to 250 VLANs. Catalyst 2916M XL, 2924 XL, 2924C XL, and 2908 XL switches support up to 250 or 64 VLANs, respectively. If you define more than 250 or 64 or if the switch receives an advertisement that contains more than 250 or 64 VLANs, the switch automatically enters VTP transparent mode and operates with the VLAN configuration preceding the one that sent it into transparent mode. |
VTP Domain Name | Name that identifies the administrative domain for the switch. |
VTP Pruning Mode | Displays whether pruning is enabled or disabled. Enabling pruning on a VTP server enables pruning for the entire management domain. Pruning restricts flooded traffic to those trunk links that the traffic must use to access the appropriate network devices. |
VTP V2 Mode | Displays if VTP version 2 mode is enabled. All VTP version 2 switches operate in version 1 mode by default. Each VTP switch automatically detects the capabilities of all the other VTP devices. A network of VTP devices should be configured to version 2 only if all VTP switches in the network can operate in version 2 mode. |
VTP Traps Generation | Displays whether VTP traps are transmitted to a network management station. |
MD5 Digest | A 16-byte checksum of the VTP configuration. |
Configuration Last Modified | Displays the date and time of the last configuration modification. Displays the IP address of the switch that caused the configuration change to the database. |
Use the shutdown interface configuration command to disable a port. Use the no form of this command to restart a disabled port.
shutdown
no shutdown
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Interface configuration
The shutdown command for a port causes it to stop forwarding. You can enable the port with the no shutdown command.
In the Enterprise Edition Software, the no shutdown command has no effect if the port is a static-access port assigned to a VLAN that has been deleted, suspended, or shutdown. The port must first be a member of an active VLAN before it can be reenabled.
The following examples show how to disable fixed port fa0/8 and how to reenable it:
Switch(config)# interface fa0/8 Switch(config-if)# shutdown Switch(config-if)# no shutdown
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show interface command in privileged EXEC mode.
Use the shutdown vlan global configuration command to shutdown (suspend) local traffic on the specified VLAN. Use the no form of this command to restart local traffic on the VLAN. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
shutdown vlan vlan-id
no shutdown vlan vlan-id
vlan-id | ID of the VLAN to be locally shut down. Valid IDs are from 2 to 1001, excluding VLANs defined as default VLANs under the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP). The default VLANs are 1 and 1002-1005. |
No default is defined.
Global configuration
The shutdown vlan command does not change the VLAN information in VTP database. It shuts down traffic locally, but the switch still advertises VTP information.
The following example shows how to shutdown traffic on VLAN 2:
Switch(config)# shutdown vlan 2
You can verify the previous command by entering the show vlan command in privileged EXEC mode.
This command has no arguments or keywords.
SNMP traps for VMPS are disabled.
Global configuration
Specify the host that receives the traps by using the snmp-server host command.
The following example shows how to enable VMPS to send trap notifications:
Switch(config)# snmp-server enable trap vlan-membership
You can verify the previous command by entering the show running-config command in privileged EXEC mode.
show running-config
snmp-server host
This command has no arguments or keywords.
SNMP traps for VTP are disabled.
Global configuration
Specify the host that receives the traps by using the snmp-server host command.
The following example shows how to enable VTP to send trap notifications:
Switch(config)# snmp-server enable trap vtp
You can verify the previous command by entering the show vtp status or show running-config command in privileged EXEC mode.
show running-config
show vtp status
snmp-server host
Use the snmp-server host global configuration command to specify the host that receives SNMP traps. Use the no form of this command to remove the specified host.
snmp-server host host-address community-string [c2900/c3500 | config | snmp | tty | udp-port port-number | vlan-membership | vtp]
no snmp-server host host-address
host-address | IP address or name of the SNMP trap host. |
community-string | Password-like community string sent with the trap operation. |
c2900 | Send SNMP Catalyst 2900 series traps. |
c3500 | Send SNMP Catalyst 3500 series traps. |
config | Send SNMP configuration traps. |
snmp | Send SNMP-type traps. |
tty | Send Cisco enterprise-specific traps when a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection closes. |
udp-port {port-number} | UDP port of the host to use. The default is 162. |
vlan-membership | Send SNMP VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS) traps. This option is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software. |
vtp | Send SNMP VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) traps. This option is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software. |
Global configuration
The SNMP trap host address and community string are not defined.
Traps are disabled.
The following example shows how to configure an SNMP host to receive VTP traps:
Switch(config)# snmp-server host 172.20.128.178 traps vtp
snmp-server enable traps vlan-membership
snmp-server enable traps vtp
Use the spanning-tree global configuration command to enable Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) on a VLAN. Use the no form of the command to disable STP on a VLAN.
spanning-tree [vlan stp-list]
no spanning-tree [vlan stp-list]
vlan | (Optional) Include VLAN IDs in the stp-list variable when enabling STP. |
stp-list | (Optional) List of spanning-tree instances. Each spanning-tree instance is associated with a VLAN ID. Enter each VLAN ID separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
STP is enabled.
Global configuration
Disabling STP causes the VLAN or list of VLANs to stop participating in STP. Ports that are administratively down remain down. Received Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) are forwarded like other multicast frames. The VLAN does not detect and prevent loops when STP is disabled.
STP can be disabled on a VLAN that is not currently active. The setting takes effect when the VLAN is activated.
If the variable stp-list is omitted, the command applies to the STP instance associated with VLAN 1.
You can enable STP on a VLAN that has no ports assigned to it.
The following example shows how to disable STP on VLAN 5:
Switch(config)# no spanning-tree vlan 5
You can verify the previous command by entering the show spanning-tree command in privileged EXEC mode. In this instance, VLAN 5 does not appear in the list.
show spanning-tree
spanning-tree forward-time
spanning-tree max-age
spanning-tree port-priority
spanning-tree protocol
Use the spanning-tree cost interface configuration command to set the path cost for Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) calculations. Use the no form of this command to return to the default value.
spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] cost cost
spanning-tree portfast
no spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] cost
vlan | (Optional) Include VLAN IDs in the stp-list variable when setting the path cost. |
stp-list | (Optional) List of spanning-tree instances. Each spanning-tree instance is associated with a VLAN ID. Enter each VLAN ID separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
cost | Set a cost. |
cost | Path cost can range from 1 to 65535, with higher values indicating higher costs. This range applies whether or not the IEEE or DEC STP has been specified. |
The default path cost is computed from the interface bandwidth setting. The following are IEEE default path cost values:
Interface configuration
If the variable stp-list is omitted, the command applies to the STP instance associated with VLAN 1.
You can set a cost for a port or on a VLAN that does not exist. The setting takes effect when the VLAN exists.
The following example shows how to set a path cost value of 250 for VLAN 1:
Switch(config-if)# spanning-tree vlan 1 cost 250
You can verify the previous command by entering the show spanning-tree command in privileged EXEC mode.
show spanning-tree
spanning-tree portfast
spanning-tree priority
Use the spanning-tree forward-time global configuration command to set the forwarding-time for the specified spanning-tree instances. Use the no form of this command to return to the default value.
spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] forward-time seconds
no spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] forward-time
vlan | (Optional) Include VLAN IDs in the stp-list variable when setting the forwarding-time. |
stp-list | (Optional) List of spanning-tree instances. Each spanning-tree instance is associated with a VLAN ID. Enter each VLAN ID separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
seconds | Forward-delay interval from 4 to 200 seconds. |
The default configuration IEEE Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) is 15 seconds. The default for IBM STP is 4 seconds, and the default for DEC STP is 30 seconds.
Global configuration
If the variable stp-list is omitted, the command applies to the STP instance associated with VLAN 1.
You can set the forwarding-time on a VLAN that has no ports assigned to it. The setting takes effect when you assign ports to it.
The following example shows how to set the spanning-tree forwarding time to 18 seconds for VLAN 20:
Switch(config)# spanning-tree vlan 20 forward-time 18
You can verify the previous command by entering the show spanning-tree command in privileged EXEC mode.
show spanning-tree
spanning-tree forward-time
spanning-tree max-age
spanning-tree port-priority
spanning-tree protocol
Use the spanning-tree hello-time global configuration command to specify the interval between hello Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs). Use the no form of this command to return to the default interval.
spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] hello-time seconds
no spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] hello-time
vlan | (Optional) Include VLAN IDs in the stp-list variable when specifying the hello-time. |
stp-list | (Optional) List of spanning-tree instances. Each spanning-tree instance is associated with a VLAN ID. Enter each VLAN ID separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
seconds | Interval from 1 to 10 seconds. |
The default configuration IEEE Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) is 2 seconds. The default for IBM STP is 2 seconds, and the default for DEC STP is 1 second.
Global configuration
If the variable stp-list is omitted, the command applies to the STP instance associated with VLAN 1.
You can set the hello time on a VLAN that has no ports assigned to it. The setting takes effect when you assign ports to it.
The following example shows how to set the spanning-tree hello-delay time to 3 seconds for VLAN 20:
Switch (config) # spanning-tree vlan 20 hello-time 3
You can verify the previous command by entering the show spanning-tree command in privileged EXEC mode.
show spanning-tree
spanning-tree
spanning-tree port-priority
spanning-tree protocol
Use the spanning-tree max-age global configuration command to change the interval between messages the spanning tree receives from the root switch. If a switch does not receive a Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) message from the root switch within this interval, it recomputes the STP topology. Use the no form of this command to return to the default interval.
spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] max-age seconds
no spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] max-age
vlan | (Optional) Include VLAN IDs in the stp-list variable when changing the interval that switch waits to hear BPDUs from the root switch. |
stp-list | (Optional) List of spanning-tree instances. Each spanning-tree instance is associated with a VLAN ID. Enter each VLAN ID separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
seconds | Interval the switch waits between receiving BPDUs from the root switch. Enter a number from 6 to 200. |
The default configuration (IEEE STP) is 20 seconds. The default for DEC STP is 15 seconds, and the default for IBM STP is 10 seconds.
Global configuration
The max-age setting must be greater than the hello-time setting.
If the variable stp-list is omitted, the command applies to the STP instance associated with VLAN 1.
You can set the max-age on a VLAN that has no ports assigned to it. The setting takes effect when you assign ports to it.
The following example shows how to set spanning-tree max-age to 30 seconds for VLAN 20:
Switch (config)# spanning-tree vlan 20 max-age 30
The following example shows how to reset the max-age parameter to the default value for spanning-tree instances 100 through 102:
Switch (config)# no spanning-tree vlan 100 101 102 max-age
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show spanning-tree command in privileged EXEC mode.
show spanning-tree
spanning-tree forward-time
spanning-tree hello-time
spanning-tree priority
spanning-tree protocol
Use the spanning-tree portfast interface configuration command to enable the Port Fast feature on a port in all its associated VLANs. When the Port Fast feature is enabled, the port changes directly from a blocking state to a forwarding state without making the intermediate Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) status changes. Use the no form of this command to return the port to default operation.
spanning-tree portfast interface
no spanning-tree portfast
interface | Module and port number enabled for the Port Fast feature. |
The Port Fast feature is disabled.
Interface configuration
This feature is not supported on the ATM modules.
This feature should be used only on ports that connect to end stations.
This feature affects all VLANs on the port.
A port with the Port Fast feature enabled is moved directly to the spanning-tree forwarding state.
In Enterprise Edition Software, the Port Fast feature is automatically enabled on dynamic-access ports.
The following example shows how to enable the Port Fast feature on fixed port 2.
Switch(config-if)# spanning-tree portfast fa0/2
spanning-tree portfast
spanning-tree port-priority
Use the spanning-tree port-priority interface configuration command to set a port priority that is used when two switches tie for position as the root switch. Use the no form of this command to return to the default value.
spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] port-priority port-priority
no spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] port-priority
vlan | (Optional) Include VLAN IDs in the stp-list variable when setting the port priority. |
stp-list | (Optional) List of spanning-tree instances. Each spanning-tree instance is associated with a VLAN ID. Enter each VLAN ID separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
port-priority | Number from 0 to 255. |
The default configuration (IEEE STP) is 128. The default for IBM STP and DEC STP is also 128.
Interface configuration
If the variable stp-list is omitted, the command applies to the STP instance associated with VLAN 1.
You can set the port priority on a VLAN that has no ports assigned to it. The setting takes effect when you assign ports to it.
The following example shows how to increase the likelihood that the spanning-tree instance 20 is chosen as the root switch on port fa0/2:
Switch(config)# interface fa0/2
Switch(config-if)# spanning-tree vlan 20 port-priority 0
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show spanning-tree command in privileged EXEC mode.
show spanning-tree
spanning-tree port-priority
spanning-tree protocol
Use the spanning-tree priority global configuration command to configure the switch priority for the specified spanning-tree instance. This will change the likelihood that the switch is selected as the root switch. Use the no form of this command to revert to the default value.
spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] priority bridge-priority
no spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] priority
vlan | (Optional) Include VLAN IDs in the stp-list variable when configuring the switch priority. |
stp-list | (Optional) List of STP instances. Each spanning-tree instance is associated with a VLAN ID. Enter each VLAN ID separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
bridge-priority | A number from 0 to 65535. The lower the number, the more likely the switch will be chosen as root. |
The default configuration (IEEE STP) is 32768. The default value for IBM STP and DEC STP is also 32768.
Global configuration
If the variable stp-list is omitted, the command applies to the STP instance associated with VLAN 1.
You can configure the switch priority on a VLAN that has no ports assigned to it. The setting takes effect when you assign ports to it.
The following example shows how to set the spanning-tree priority to 125 for a list of VLANs:
Switch (config)# spanning-tree vlan 20 100 101 102 priority 125
You can verify the previous command by entering the show spanning-tree command in privileged EXEC mode.
show spanning-tree
spanning-tree forward-time
spanning-tree hello-time
spanning-tree max-age
spanning-tree protocol
Use the spanning-tree protocol global configuration command to specify the Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) to be used for specified spanning-tree instances. Use the no form to use the default protocol.
spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] protocol {ieee | dec | ibm}
no spanning-tree [vlan stp-list] protocol
vlan | (Optional) Include VLAN IDs in the stp-list variable when specifying the protocol. |
stp-list | (Optional) List of spanning-tree instances. Each spanning-tree instance is associated with a VLAN ID. Enter each VLAN ID separated by a space. Ranges are not supported. |
ieee | IEEE Ethernet STP. |
dec | DEC STP. |
ibm | IBM STP. |
The default protocol is ieee.
Global configuration
Changing the spanning-tree protocol causes STP parameters to change to default values of the new protocol.
If the variable stp-list is omitted, this command applies to the STP instance associated with VLAN 1.
You can change the protocol on a VLAN that has no ports assigned to it. The setting takes effect when you assign ports to it.
The following example shows how to change the STP protocol for VLAN 20 to the DEC version of STP:
Switch(config)# spanning-tree vlan 20 protocol dec
You can verify the previous command by entering the show spanning-tree command in privileged EXEC mode.
show spanning-tree
spanning-tree
spanning-tree forward-time
spanning-tree max-age
spanning-tree port-priority
Use the stp uplinkfast global configuration command to accelerate the choice of a new root port when a link or switch fails or when Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) reconfigures itself. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
stp uplinkfast [max-update-rate pkts-per-second]
max-update-rate | The maximum update rate for packets per seconds. |
pkts-per- | The number of packets per second for multicast traffic. The range is 0 to 1000. |
Global configuration
When you enable UplinkFast, it is enabled for the entire switch and cannot be enabled for individual VLANs.
Enter this command in global configuration mode to configure UplinkFast:
Switch(config)# spanning-tree uplinkfast
Use the speed interface configuration command to specify the speed of a Fast Ethernet port. Use the no form of this command to return the port to its default value.
speed {10 | 100 | auto}
no speed
10 | Port runs at 10 Mbps. |
100 | Port runs at 100 Mbps. |
auto | Port automatically detects whether it should run at 10 or 100 Mbps. |
The default is auto.
For Gigabit Ethernet ports, the speed is 1000 Mbps and not configurable.
Interface configuration
Certain ports can be configured to be either 10 or 100 Mbps. Applicability of this command is hardware-dependent.
The following example shows how to set port 1 on module 2 to 100 Mbps:
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet2/1 Switch(config-if)# speed 100
duplex
Use the switchport access interface configuration command to configure a port as a static-access or dynamic-access port. If the mode is set to access, the port operates as a member of the configured VLAN. If set to dynamic, the port starts discovery of VLAN assignment based on the incoming packets it receives. Use the no form of this command to reset the access mode to the default VLAN for the switch.
switchport access vlan {vlan-id | dynamic}
no switchport access vlan {vlan-id | dynamic}
vlan | Assign a VLAN to the port. |
vlan-id | ID of the VLAN. Valid IDs are from 1 to 1001. |
dynamic | Port is assigned to a VLAN based on the source MAC address of a host (or hosts) connected to that port. The switch sends every new source MAC address received to the VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS) to obtain the VLAN name to which the dynamic-access port should be assigned. If the port already has a VLAN assigned and the source has already been approved by the VMPS, the switch forwards the packet to the VLAN. This keyword is only supported in the Enterprise Edition Software. |
All ports are in static-access mode in VLAN 1.
A dynamic-access port is initially a member of no VLAN and receives its assignment based on the packets it receives.
Interface configuration
The port must be in access mode before the switchport access vlan vlan-id or switchport access vlan dynamic command can take effect. For more information, see the "switchport mode" section.
An access port can be assigned to only one VLAN.
When the no switchport access vlan form is used, the access mode is reset to static access on VLAN 1.
The following restrictions apply to dynamic-access ports:
The following example shows how to assign a port already in access mode to VLAN 2 (instead of the default VLAN 1):
Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 2
The following example shows how to assign a port already in access mode to dynamic:
Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan dynamic
The following example shows how to reconfigure a dynamic-access port to a static-access port:
Switch(config-if)# no switchport access vlan dynamic
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show interface interface-id switchport command in privileged EXEC mode and examining information in the Administrative Mode and Operational Mode rows.
switchport mode
switchport multi
switchport trunk
Use the switchport mode interface configuration command to configure the VLAN membership mode of a port. Use the no form of this command to reset the mode to the appropriate default for the device.
switchport mode {access | multi | trunk}
no switchport mode {access | multi | trunk}
access | Set the port to access mode (either static-access or dynamic-access depending on the setting of the switchport access vlan command). The port operates as a nontrunking, single VLAN interface that transmits and receives nonencapsulated frames. An access port can be assigned to only one VLAN. |
multi | Set the port to multi-VLAN port mode. The port operates as a nontrunking VLAN interface that transmits and receives nonencapsulated frames. A multi-VLAN port can be assigned to one or more VLANs. |
trunk | Set the port to a trunking VLAN Layer-2 interface. The port transmits and receives encapsulated (tagged) frames that identify the VLAN of origination. A trunk is a point-to-point link between two switches or between a switch and a router. This keyword is supported only in the Enterprise Edition Software. |
All ports are static-access ports in VLAN 1.
Interface configuration
Configuration using the access, multi, or trunk keywords takes effect only when the port is changed to the corresponding mode by using the switchport mode command. The static-access, multi-VLAN, and trunk (Enterprise Edition Software only) configurations are saved, but only one configuration is active at a time.
The no switchport mode form resets the mode to static access.
Only these combinations of port modes can appear on a single switch:
Trunk and multi-VLAN ports cannot coexist on the same switch. If you want to change a multi-VLAN or trunk port into another mode, you must first change it to an access port and then reassign it to the new mode.
The following example shows how to configure a port for access mode:
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
The following example shows how to configure a port for multi-VLAN mode:
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode multi
The following example shows how to configure a port for trunk mode:
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show interface interface-id switchport command in privileged EXEC mode and examining information in the Administrative Mode and Operational Mode rows.
switchport access
switchport multi
switchport trunk
Use the switchport multi interface configuration command to configure a list of VLANs to which the port is associated. If the mode is set to multi, the port operates as a member of all VLANs in the list. Use the no form of this command to reconfigure the port as an access port.
switchport multi vlan {add vlan-list | remove vlan-list}
no switchport multi vlan
vlan | Indicate the VLAN to which the port is associated. |
add | Add specified VLAN IDs to the list. |
vlan-list | List of VLAN IDs. Separate nonconsecutive VLAN IDs with a comma and no spaces; use a hyphen to designate a range of IDs. Valid IDs are from 1 to 1001. |
remove | Remove the specified VLAN IDs. |
The default for VLAN membership of a multi-VLAN port is VLAN 1.
Interface configuration
The switchport mode multi command must be entered before the switchport multi vlan vlan-list command can take effect.
In the variable vlan-list, separate nonconsecutive VLAN IDs with a comma; use a hyphen to designate a range of IDs.
A multi-VLAN port cannot be a secure port or a monitor port.
A multi-VLAN port cannot coexist with a trunk port on the same switch.
 | Caution To avoid loss of connectivity, do not connect multi-VLAN ports to hubs or switches. Connect multi-VLAN ports to routers or servers. |
The following example shows how to assign a multi-VLAN port already in multi mode to two VLANs:
Switch(config-if)# switchport multi vlan 2,4
The following example shows how to assign a multi-VLAN port already in multi mode to a range of VLANs:
Switch(config-if)# switchport multi vlan 5-10
The following example shows how to reset the VLAN list of a multi-VLAN port to the default (VLAN 1 only):
Switch(config-if)# no switchport multi vlan
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show interface interface-id switchport command in privileged EXEC mode and examining information in the Administrative Mode and Operational Mode rows.
switchport access
switchport mode
switchport trunk
Use the switchport trunk allowed vlan interface configuration command to control which VLANs can receive and transmit traffic on the trunk. Use the no form of this command to reset the allowed list to the default value. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
switchport trunk allowed vlan {add vlan-list | all | except vlan-list | remove vlan-list}
no switchport trunk allowed vlan
add | Add specified VLAN IDs to the list. |
vlan-list | List of VLAN IDs. Separate nonconsecutive VLAN IDs with a comma and no spaces; use a hyphen to designate a range of IDs. Valid IDs are from 1 to 1001. |
all | Add all VLAN IDs to the list. |
except | Add VLAN IDs except the specified ones. |
remove | Remove the specified VLAN IDs. |
All VLANs are included in the allowed list.
Interface configuration
When the no switchport trunk allowed vlan form is used, the allowed list is reset to the default list, which allows all VLANs.
In the variable vlan-list, separate nonconsecutive VLAN IDs with a comma; use a hyphen to designate a range of IDs. You cannot remove VLAN 1 or 1002 to 1005 from the list.
A trunk port cannot be a secure port or a monitor port. However, a static-access port can monitor a VLAN on a trunk port. The VLAN monitored is the one associated with the static-access port.
If a trunk port is identified as a network port, the trunk port becomes the network port for all the VLANs associated with the port.
The following example shows how to add VLANs 1, 2, 5, and 6 to the allowed list:
Switch(config-if)# switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,5,6
You can verify the previous command by entering the show interface interface-id switchport command in privileged EXEC mode.
switchport mode
switchport trunk encapsulation
switchport trunk native
Use the switchport trunk encapsulation interface configuration command to set the encapsulation format on the trunk port. Use the no form of this command to reset the format to the default. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
switchport trunk encapsulation {isl | dot1q}
no switchport trunk encapsulation
isl | Set the encapsulation format to Inter-Switch Link (ISL). The switch encapsulates all received and transmitted packets with an ISL header. The switch filters native frames received from an ISL trunk port. |
dot1q | Set the tagging format to IEEE 802.1Q. With this format, the switch supports simultaneous tagged and untagged traffic on a port. |
The default encapsulation format is ISL.
Interface configuration
You cannot configure one end of the trunk as an 802.1Q trunk and the other end as an ISL or nontrunk port. However, you can configure one port as an ISL trunk and another port on the same switch as a 802.1Q trunk.
This command is only applicable on switch platforms and port hardware that support both formats.
The following example shows how to configure the encapsulation format to 802.1Q:
Switch(config-if)# switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
You can verify the previous command by entering the show interface interface-id switchport command in privileged EXEC mode.
switchport mode
switchport trunk allowed vlan
switchport trunk native
Use the switchport trunk native interface configuration command to set the native VLAN for untagged traffic when in 802.1Q trunking mode. Use the no form of this command to reset the native VLAN to the default. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
switchport trunk native vlan vlan-id
no switchport trunk native
vlan | Indicate the VLAN to which the port is associated. |
vlan-id | ID of the VLAN that is sending and receiving untagged traffic on the trunk port. Valid IDs are from 1 to 1001. |
VLAN 1 is the default native VLAN ID on the port.
Interface configuration
All untagged traffic received on the 802.1Q trunk port is forwarded with the native VLAN configured for the port.
If a packet has a VLAN ID equal to the outgoing port's native VLAN ID, the packet is transmitted untagged; otherwise, the switch transmits the packet with a tag.
The following example shows how to configure VLAN 3 as the default port to send all untagged traffic:
Switch(config-if)# switchport trunk native vlan 3
You can verify the previous command by entering the show interface interface-id switchport command in privileged EXEC mode.
switchport mode
switchport trunk allowed vlan
switchport trunk encapsulation
Use the tacacs-server attempts global configuration command to control the number of login attempts that can be made on a line set up for TACACS, Extended TACACS, or TACACS+ verification. Use the no form of this command to disable this feature and restore the default. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server attempts count
no tacacs-server attempts
count | Integer that sets the number of attempts. The default is 3. |
Global configuration
The following example changes the login attempt to just one:
Switch(config)# tacacs-server attempts 1
enable (use-tacacs)
login (tacacs)
show (tacacs)
tacacs-server (directed-request)
tacacs-server (host)
tacacs-server (key)
tacacs-server (last-resort)
tacacs-server (timeout)
Use the tacacs-server directed-request global configuration command to send only a username to a specified server when a direct request is issued in association with TACACS, Extended TACACS, and TACACS+. Use the no form of this command to disable the direct-request feature. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server directed-request
no tacacs-server directed-request
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Global configuration
This command sends only the portion of the username before the "@" symbol to the host specified after the "@" symbol. In other words, with the directed-request feature enabled, you can direct a request to any of the configured servers, and only the username is sent to the specified server.
Using no tacacs-server directed-request causes the whole string, both before and after the "@" symbol, to be sent to the default TACACS server. When the directed-request feature is disabled, the router queries the list of servers, starting with the first one in the list. It sends the whole string, and accepts the first response it gets from the server. The tacacs-server directed-request command is useful for sites that have developed their own TACACS server software that parses the whole string and makes decisions based on it.
With tacacs-server directed-request enabled, only configured TACACS servers can be specified by the user after the "@" symbol. If the host name specified by the user does not match the IP address of a TACACS server configured by the administrator, the user input is rejected.
Use no tacacs-server directed-request to disable the ability of the user to choose between configured TACACS servers and to cause the entire string to be passed to the default server.
The following example shows how to pass the entire user input to the default TACACS server tacacs-server directed-request:
Switch(config)# no tacacs-server directed-request
enable (use-tacacs)
login (tacacs)
show (tacacs)
tacacs-server (directed-request)
tacacs-server (host)
tacacs-server (key)
tacacs-server (last-resort)
tacacs-server (timeout)
Use the tacacs-server dns-alias-lookup global configuration command to enable IP Domain Name System alias lookup for TACACS+. Use the no form of this command to disable this feature. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server dns-alias-lookup
no tacacs-server dns-alias-lookup
This command has no keywords or arguments.
Global configuration
This command enables IP Domain Name System alias lookup for TACACS servers.
Use the tacacs-server extended global configuration command to enable an extended TACACS mode. Use the no form of this command to disable the mode. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server extended
no tacacs-server extended
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Global configuration
This command initializes extended TACACS. To initialize AAA/TACACS+, use the aaa new-model command.
The following example shows how to enable extended TACACS mode:
Switch(config)# tacacs-server extended
Use the tacacs-server host global configuration command to specify a TACACS, Extended TACACS, or TACACS+ host. Use the no form of this command to delete the specified name or address. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server host hostname [single-connection] [port integer] [timeout integer] [key string]
no tacacs-server host hostname
hostname | Name or IP address of the host. |
single- | Specify that the switch maintain a single open connection for confirmation from a AAA/TACACS+ server (CiscoSecure Release 1.0.1 or later). This command contains no autodetect and fails if the specified host is not running a CiscoSecure daemon. |
port | Specify a server port number. |
integer | Port number of the server (in the range 1 to 10,000). |
timeout | Specify a timeout value. This overrides the global timeout value set with the tacacs-server timeout command for this server only. |
integer | Integer value, in seconds, of the timeout interval. |
key | Specify an authentication and encryption key. This must match the key used by the TACACS+ daemon. Specifying this key overrides the key set by the global command tacacs-server key for this server only. |
string | Character string specifying authentication and encryption key. |
Global configuration
You can use multiple tacacs-server host commands to specify additional hosts. The Cisco IOS software searches for hosts in the order in which you specify them. Use the single-connection, port, timeout, and key options only when running a AAA/TACACS+ server.
Because some of the parameters of the tacacs-server host command override global settings made by the tacacs-server timeout and tacacs-server key commands, you can use this command to enhance security on your network by uniquely configuring individual switches.
The following example specifies a TACACS host named Sea_Change:
Switch(config)# tacacs-server host Sea_Change
The following example specifies that, for AAA confirmation, the switch consult the CiscoSecure TACACS+ host named Sea_Cure on port number 51. The timeout value for requests on this connection is 3 seconds; the encryption key is a_secret.
Switch(config)# tacacs-server host Sea_Cure single-connection port 51 timeout 3 key a_secret
login tacacs
ppp
slip
tacacs-server key
tacacs-server timeout
Use the tacacs-server key global configuration command to set the authentication encryption key used for all TACACS+ communications between the access server and the TACACS+ daemon. Use the no form of the command to disable the key. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server key key
no tacacs-server key [key]
key | Key used to set authentication and encryption. This key must match the key used on the TACACS+ daemon. |
Global configuration
After enabling AAA with the aaa new-model command, you must set the authentication and encryption key using the tacacs-server key command.
The key entered must match the key used on the TACACS+ daemon. All leading spaces are ignored; spaces within and at the end of the key are not. If you use spaces in your key, do not enclose the key in quotation marks unless the quotation marks themselves are part of the key.
The following example illustrates how to set the authentication and encryption key to dare to go:
Switch(config)# tacacs-server key dare to go
aaa new-model
tacacs-server host
Use the tacacs-server last-resort global configuration command to cause the network access server to request the privileged password as verification for TACACS or Extended TACACS or to allow successful login without further input from the user. Use the no tacacs-server last-resort command to restore the system to the default behavior. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server last-resort {password | succeed}
no tacacs-server last-resort {password | succeed}
password | Allows the user to access the privileged EXEC command mode by entering the password set by the enable command. |
succeed | Allows the user to access the privileged EXEC command mode without further question. |
Global configuration
Use the tacacs-server last-resort command to be sure that you can login; for example, a systems administrator would use this command to log in to troubleshoot TACACS servers that might be down.
The following example shows how to force successful login:
Switch(config)# tacacs-server last-resort succeed
enable password
login (EXEC)
Use the tacacs-server login-timeout global configuration command to cause the network access server to request the privileged password as verification for TACACS or Extended TACACS, or to allow successful login without further input from the user. Use the no tacacs-server login-timeout command to restore the system to the default behavior. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server login-timeout {password | succeed}
no tacacs-server login-timeout {password | succeed}
password | Allow the user to access the privileged EXEC command mode by entering the password set by the enable command. |
succeed | Allow the user to access the privileged EXEC command mode without further question. |
Global configuration
Use the tacacs-server login-timeout command to be sure that you can login; for example, a systems administrator would use this command to log in to troubleshoot TACACS servers that might be down.
The following example shows how to force successful login:
Switch(config)# tacacs-server login-timeout succeed
enable password
login (EXEC)
Use the tacacs-server optional-passwords global configuration command to specify that the first TACACS request to a TACACS or Extended TACACS server be made without password verification. Use the no form of this command to restore the default. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server optional-passwords
no tacacs-server optional-passwords
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Global configuration
When the user enters in the login name, the login request is transmitted with the name and a zero-length password. If accepted, the login procedure completes. If the TACACS server refuses this request, the server software prompts for a password and tries again when the user supplies a password. The TACACS server must support authentication for users without passwords to make use of this feature. This feature supports all TACACS requests--login, SLIP, enable, and so on.
The following example shows how to configure the first login to bypass TACACS verification:
Switch(config)# tacacs-server optional-passwords
Use the tacacs-server retransmit global configuration command to specify the number of times the Cisco IOS software searches the list of TACACS or Extended TACACS server hosts before giving up. Use the no form of this command to disable retransmission. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server retransmit retries
no tacacs-server retransmit
retries | Integer that specifies the retransmit count. |
Global configuration
The Cisco IOS software will try all servers, allowing each one to time out before increasing the retransmit count.
The following example shows how to specify a retransmit counter value of 5:
Switch(config)# tacacs-server retransmit 5
Use the tacacs-server timeout global configuration command to set the interval that the server waits for a TACACS, Extended TACACS, or TACACS+ server to reply. Use the no form of this command to restore the default. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
tacacs-server timeout seconds
no tacacs-server timeout
seconds | Integer that specifies the timeout interval in seconds (between 1 and 300). |
Global configuration
None.
The following example shows how to change the interval timer to 10 seconds:
Switch(config)# tacacs-server timeout 10
tacacs-server host
Use the vlan VLAN database command to configure VLAN characteristics. Use the no form of this command to delete a VLAN and its configured characteristics. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
vlan vlan-id [name vlan-name] [media {ethernet | fddi | fdi-net | tokenring | tr-net}]
[state {suspend | active}] [said said-value] [mtu mtu-size] [ring ring-number]
[bridge bridge-number | type {srb | srt}] [parent parent-vlan-id] [stp type {ieee | ibm | auto}]
[are are-number] [ste ste-number] [backupcrf {enable | disable}]
[tb-vlan1 tb-vlan1-id] [tb-vlan2 tb-vlan2-id]
no vlan vlan-id [name vlan-name] [media {ethernet | fddi | fdi-net | tokenring | tr-net}]
[state {suspend | active}] [said said-value] [mtu mtu-size] [ring ring-number]
[bridge bridge-number | type {srb | srt}] [parent parent-vlan-id] [stp type {ieee | ibm | auto}]
[are are-number] [ste ste-number] [backupcrf {enable | disable}]
[tb-vlan1 tb-vlan1-id] [tb-vlan2 tb-vlan2-id]
Table 2-5 lists the valid syntax for each media type.
| Media Type | Valid Syntax |
|---|---|
Ethernet | vlan vlan-id [name vlan-name] media ethernet [state {suspend | active}] |
FDDI | vlan vlan-id [name vlan-name] media fddi [state {suspend | active}] |
FDDI-NET | vlan vlan-id [name vlan-name] media fdi-net [state {suspend | active}] If VTP V2 mode is disabled, do not set the stp type to auto. |
Token Ring | VTP V2 mode is disabled. vlan vlan-id [name vlan-name] media tokenring [state {suspend | active}] |
Token Ring concentrator relay function (TRCRF) | VTP V2 mode is enabled. vlan vlan-id [name vlan-name] media tokenring [state {suspend | active}] |
Token Ring-NET | VTP V2 mode is disabled. vlan vlan-id [name vlan-name] media tr-net [state {suspend | active}] |
Token Ring bridge relay function (TRBRF) | VTP V2 mode is enabled. vlan vlan-id [name vlan-name] media tr-net [state {suspend | active}] |
Table 2-6 describes the rules for configuring VLANs.
| Configuration | Rule |
|---|---|
VTP V2 mode is enabled, and you are configuring a TRCRF VLAN media type. | Specify a parent VLAN ID of a TRBRF that already exists in the database. Specify a ring number. Do not leave this field blank. Specify unique ring numbers when TRCRF VLANs have the same parent VLAN ID. Only one backup CRF can be enabled. |
VTP V2 mode is enabled, and you are configuring VLANs other than TRCRF media type. | Do not specify a backup CRF. |
VTP V2 mode is enabled, and you are configuring a TRBRF VLAN media type. | Specify a bridge number. Do not leave this field blank. |
VTP V2 mode is disabled. | No VLAN can have an STP type set to auto. This rule applies to Ethernet, FDDI, FDDI-NET, Token Ring, and Token Ring-NET VLANs. |
Add a VLAN that requires translational bridging (values are not set to zero). | The translational bridging VLAN IDs that are used must already exist in the database. The translational bridging VLAN IDs that a configuration points to must also contain a pointer to the original VLAN in one of the translational bridging parameters (for example, Ethernet points to FDDI, and FDDI points to Ethernet). The translational bridging VLAN IDs that a configuration points to must be different media types than the original VLAN (for example, Ethernet can point to Token Ring). If both translational bridging VLAN IDs are configured, these VLANs must be different media types (for example, Ethernet can point to FDDI and Token Ring). |
vlan-id | ID of the configured VLAN. Valid IDs are from 1 to 1005 and must be unique within the administrative domain. |
name | (Optional) Name of the VLAN to follow. |
vlan-name | ASCII string from 1 to 32 characters that must be unique within the administrative domain. |
media | (Optional) VLAN media type to follow. |
ethernet | Ethernet media type. |
fddi | FDDI media type. |
fdi-net | FDDI network entity title (NET) media type. |
tokenring | Token Ring media type if the VTP V2 mode is disabled. TRCRF media type if the VTP V2 mode is enabled. |
tr-net | Token Ring network entity title (NET) media type if the VTP V2 mode is disabled. TRBRF media type if the VTP V2 mode is enabled. |
state | (Optional) State of the VLAN to follow. |
active | VLAN is operational. |
suspend | VLAN is suspended. Suspended VLANs do not pass packets. |
said | (Optional) The security association identifier (SAID) as documented in IEEE 802.10 to follow. |
said-value | Integer from 1 to 4294967294 that must be unique within the administrative domain. |
mtu | (Optional) Maximum transmission unit (packet size in bytes) to follow. |
mtu-size | Packet size in bytes from 1500 to 18190 that the VLAN can use. |
ring | (Optional) Logical ring for an FDDI, Token Ring, or TRCRF VLAN to follow. |
ring-number | Integer from 1 to 4095. |
bridge | (Optional) Logical distributed source-routing bridge to follow. This bridge that interconnects all logical rings having this VLAN as a parent VLAN in FDDI-NET, Token Ring-NET, and TRBRF VLANs. |
bridge-number | Integer from 0 to 15. |
type | Bridge type to follow. Applies only to TRCRF VLANs. |
srb | Source-route bridging VLAN. |
srt | Source-route transparent bridging VLAN. |
parent | (Optional) Parent VLAN of an existing FDDI, Token Ring, or TRCRF VLAN to follow. This parameter identifies the TRBRF to which a TRCRF belongs and is required when defining a TRCRF. |
parent-vlan-id | Integer from 0 to 1005. |
stp type | (Optional) Spanning-tree type for FDDI-NET, Token Ring-NET, or TRBRF VLAN to follow. |
ieee | IEEE Ethernet STP running source-route transparent (SRT) bridging. |
ibm | IBM STP running source-route bridging (SRB). |
auto | STP running a combination of source-route transparent bridging (IEEE) and source-route bridging (IBM). |
are | Number of all-routes explorer (ARE) hops to follow. This keyword applies only to TRCRF VLANs. |
are-number | Integer from 0 to 13 that defines the maximum number of ARE hops for this VLAN. |
ste | Number of spanning-tree explorer (STE) hops to follow. This keyword applies only to TRCRF VLANs. |
ste-number | Integer from 0 to 13 that defines the maximum number of STE hops for this VLAN. |
backupcrf | Backup CRF mode to follow. This keyword applies only to TRCRF VLANs. |
enable | Enable backup CRF mode for this VLAN. |
disable | Disable backup CRF mode for this VLAN. |
tb-vlan1 and tb-vlan2 | (Optional) First and second VLAN to which this VLAN is translationally bridged. Translational VLANs translate FDDI or Token Ring to Ethernet, for example. |
tb-vlan1-id and tb-vlan2-id | Integer that ranges from 0 to 1005. |
The vlan-name variable is VLANxxxx, where xxxx represents four numeric digits (including leading zeroes) equal to the VLAN ID number.
The media type is ethernet.
The state is active.
The SAID value is 100000 plus the VLAN ID.
The MTU size for Ethernet, FDDI, and FDDI-NET VLANs is 1500 bytes. The MTU size for Token Ring and Token Ring-NET VLANs is 1500 bytes. The MTU size for TRBRF and TRCRF VLANs is 4472 bytes.
The ring number for Token Ring VLANs is zero. For FDDI VLANs, there is no default. For TRCRF VLANs, you must specify a ring number.
The bridge number is zero (no source-routing bridge) for FDDI-NET and Token Ring-NET VLANs. For TRBRF VLANs, you must specify a bridge number.
The parent VLAN ID is zero (no parent VLAN) for FDDI and Token Ring VLANs. For TRCRF VLANs, you must specify a parent VLAN ID. For both Token Ring and TRCRF VLANs, the parent VLAN ID must already exist in the database and be associated with a Token Ring-NET or TRBRF VLAN.
The STP type is ieee for FDDI-NET VLANs. For Token Ring-NET and TRBRF VLANs, the default is ibm.
The ARE value is 7.
The STE value is 7.
Backup CRF is disabled.
The tb-vlan1-id and tb-vlan2-id variables are zero (no translational bridging).
VLAN database
When the no vlan vlan-id form is used, the VLAN is deleted. Deleting VLANs automatically resets to zero any other parent VLANs and translational bridging parameters that refer to the deleted VLAN.
When the no vlan vlan-id name vlan-name form is used, the VLAN name returns to the default name (VLANxxxx, where xxxx represent four numeric digits (including leading zeroes) equal to the VLAN ID number).
When the no vlan vlan-id media form is used, the media type returns to the default (ethernet). Changing the VLAN media type (including the no form) resets the VLAN MTU to the default MTU for the type (unless the mtu keyword is also present in the command). It also resets the VLAN parent and translational bridging VLAN to the default (unless the parent, tb-vlan1, and/or tb-vlan2 are also present in the command).
When the no vlan vlan-id state form is used, the VLAN state returns to the default (active).
When the no vlan vlan-id said form is used, the VLAN SAID returns to the default (100,000 plus the VLAN ID).
When the no vlan vlan-id mtu form is used, the VLAN MTU returns to the default for the applicable VLAN media type. You can also modify the MTU using the media keyword.
When the no vlan vlan-id ring form is used, the VLAN logical ring number returns to the default (0).
When the no vlan vlan-id bridge form is used, the VLAN source-routing bridge number returns to the default (0). The vlan vlan-id bridge command is only used for FDDI-NET and Token Ring-NET VLANs and is ignored in other VLAN types.
When the no vlan vlan-id parent form is used, the parent VLAN returns to the default (0). The parent VLAN resets to the default if the parent VLAN is deleted or if the media keyword changes the VLAN type or the VLAN type of the parent VLAN.
When the no vlan vlan-id stp type form is used, the VLAN spanning-tree type returns to the default (ieee).
When the no vlan vlan-id tb-vlan1 or no vlan vlan-id tb-vlan2 form is used, the VLAN translational bridge VLAN (or VLANs, if applicable) returns to the default (0). Translational bridge VLANs must be a different VLAN type than the affected VLAN, and if two are specified, the two must be different VLAN types from each other. A translational bridge VLAN resets to the default if the translational bridge VLAN is deleted, if the media keyword changes the VLAN type, or if the media keyword changes the VLAN type of the corresponding translation bridge VLAN.
The following example shows how to add an Ethernet VLAN with default media characteristics. The default includes a vlan-name of VLANxxx, where xxxx represents four numeric digits (including leading zeroes) equal to the VLAN ID number. The default media option is ethernet; the state option is active. The default said-value variable is 100000 plus the VLAN ID; the mtu-size variable is 1500; the stp-type option is ieee. The VLAN is added if it did not already exist; otherwise, this command does nothing.
Switch(vlan)# vlan 2
The following example shows how to modify an existing VLAN by changing its name and MTU size:
Switch(vlan)# no vlan name engineering mtu 1200
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show vlan command in privileged EXEC mode.
Use the vlan database privileged EXEC command to enter VLAN database mode from the command-line interface (CLI). From the CLI, you can add, delete, and modify VLAN configurations and globally propagate these changes using the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP). This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
vlan database
This command has no arguments or keywords.
No default is defined.
Privileged EXEC
To return to the privileged EXEC mode from the VLAN database mode, enter the exit command.
The following example shows how to enter the VLAN database mode from the privileged EXEC mode:
Switch# vlan database Switch(vlan)#
This command has no arguments or keywords.
No default is defined.
Privileged EXEC
The following example shows how to immediately send VQP queries to the VMPS:
Switch# vmps reconfirm
You can verify the previous command by entering the show vmps command in privileged EXEC mode and examining the VMPS Action row of the Reconfirmation Status section. The show vmps command shows the result of the last time the assignments were reconfirmed either as a result of reconfirmation timer expiring or because the vmps reconfirm command was issued.
show vmps
vmps reconfirm
interval | Reconfirmation interval for VQP client queries to the VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS) to reconfirm dynamic VLAN assignments. The interval range is from 1 to 120 minutes. |
The default reconfirmation interval is 60 minutes.
Global configuration
The following example shows how to set the VQP client to reconfirm dynamic VLAN entries every 20 minutes:
Switch(config)# vmps reconfirm 20
You can verify the previous command by entering the show vmps command in privileged EXEC mode and examining information in the Reconfirm Interval row.
count | Number of attempts to contact the VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS) by the client before querying the next server in the list. The retry range is from 1 to 10. |
The default retry count is 3.
Global configuration
Switch(config)# vmps retry 7
You can verify the previous command by entering the show vmps command in privileged EXEC mode and examining information in the Server Retry Count row.
ipaddress | IP address or host name of the primary or secondary VMPS servers. If you specify a host name, the Domain Name System (DNS) server must be configured. |
primary | (Optional) Determines whether primary or secondary VMPS servers are being configured. |
No primary or secondary VMPS servers are defined.
Global configuration
The first server entered is automatically selected as the primary server whether or not primary is entered. The first server address can be overridden by using primary in a subsequent command.
If a member switch in a cluster configuration does not have an IP address, the cluster does not use the VMPS server configured for that member switch. Instead, the cluster uses the VMPS server on the command switch, and the command switch proxies the VMPS requests. The VMPS server treats the cluster as a single switch and uses the IP address of the command switch to respond to requests.
When using the no form without specifying the ipaddress, all configured servers are deleted. If you delete all servers when dynamic-access ports are present, the switch cannot forward packets from new sources on these ports because it cannot query the VMPS.
The following example shows how to configure the server with IP address 191.10.49.20 as the primary VMPS server, and the servers with IP addresses 191.10.49.21 and 191.10.49.22 as secondary servers:
Switch(config)# vmps server 191.10.49.20 primary Switch(config)# vmps server 191.10.49.21 Switch(config)# vmps server 191.10.49.22
The following example shows how to delete the server with IP address 191.10.49.21:
Switch(config)# no vmps server 191.10.49.21
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show vmps command in privileged EXEC mode and examining information in the VMPS Domain Server row.
Use the vtp VLAN database command to configure the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) mode. Use the no form of this command to return to the default setting. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
vtp {server | client | transparent}
no vtp {server | client | transparent}
server | Place the switch in VTP server mode. A switch in VTP server mode is enabled for VTP and sends advertisements. You can configure VLANs on it. The switch can recover all the VLAN information in the current VTP database from nonvolatile storage after reboot. |
client | Place the switch in VTP client mode. A switch in VTP client mode is enabled for VTP, can send advertisements, but does not have enough nonvolatile storage to store VLAN configurations. You cannot configure VLANs on it. When a VTP client starts up, it does not transmit VTP advertisements until it receives advertisements to initialize its VLAN database. |
transparent | Place the switch in VTP transparent mode. A switch in VTP transparent mode is disabled for VTP, does not transmit advertisements or learn from advertisements sent by other devices, and cannot affect VLAN configurations on other devices in the network. The switch receives VTP advertisements and forwards them on all trunk ports except the one on which the advertisement was received. The configuration of multi-VLAN ports causes the switch to automatically enter transparent mode. |
Server mode is the default mode.
VLAN database
The no vtp client and no vtp transparent forms of the command return the switch to VTP server mode.
The vtp server command is the same as no vtp client or no vtp transparent except that it does not return an error if the switch is not in client or transparent mode.
The following example shows how to place the switch in VTP transparent mode:
Switch(vlan)# vtp transparent
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show vtp status command in privileged EXEC mode.
Use the vtp domain VLAN database command to configure the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) administrative domain. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
vtp domain domain-name
domain-name | ASCII string from 1 to 32 characters that identifies the VTP administrative domain for the switch. The domain name is case sensitive. |
No domain name is defined.
VLAN database
The switch is in the no-management-domain state until you configure a domain name. While in the no-management-domain state, the switch does not transmit any VTP advertisements even if changes occur to the local VLAN configuration. The switch leaves the no-management-domain state after receiving the first VTP summary packet on any port that is currently trunking or after configuring a domain name using the vtp domain command. If the switch receives its domain from a summary packet, it resets its configuration revision number to zero. After the switch leaves the no-management-domain state, it can never be configured to reenter it until you clear the NVRAM and reload the software.
Domain names are case sensitive.
Once you configure a domain name, it cannot be removed. You can only reassign it to a different domain.
The following example shows how to set the administrative domain for the switch:
Switch(vlan)# vtp domain OurDomainName
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show vtp status command in privileged EXEC mode.
show vtp status
vtp password
Use the vtp file global configuration command to modify the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) configuration storage filename. Use the no form of this command to return the filename to its default name. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
vtp file ifsfilename
no vtp file
ifsfilename | The IOS IFS filename where the VTP VLAN configuration is stored. |
The default filename is flash:vlan.dat.
Global configuration
This command cannot be used to load a new database; it only renames the file in which the existing database is stored.
The following example shows how to rename the filename for VTP configuration storage to vtpfilename:
Switch(config)# vtp file vtpfilename
Use the vtp password VLAN database command to configure the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) administrative domain password. Use the no form of this command to remove the password. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
vtp password password-value
no vtp password password-value
password | Set the password for the generation of the 16-byte secret value used in MD5 digest calculation to be sent in VTP advertisements and to validate received VTP advertisements. |
password-value | ASCII string from 8 to 64 characters. The password is case sensitive. |
No password is defined.
VLAN database
Passwords are case sensitive. Passwords should match on all switches in the same domain.
When the no vtp password form of the command is used, the switch returns to the no password state.
The following example shows how to configure the VTP domain password:
Switch(vlan)# vtp password ThisIsOurDomain'sPassword
vtp domain
Use the vtp pruning VLAN database command to enable pruning in the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) administrative domain. Use the no form of this command to disable pruning. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
vtp pruning
no vtp pruning
pruning | Enable pruning in the VTP administrative domain. If you enable pruning on the VTP server, it is enabled for the entire management domain. Only VLANs included in the pruning-eligible list can be pruned. For Catalyst 2900 series switches, no VLANs are pruning eligible on the trunk port. |
Pruning is disabled.
VLAN database
The following example shows how to enable pruning in the proposed new VLAN database:
Switch(vlan)# vtp pruning
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show vtp status command in privileged EXEC mode.
Use the vtp v2-mode VLAN database command to enable VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) version 2 in the administrative domains. Use the no form of this command to disable V2 mode. This command is available only in the Enterprise Edition Software.
vtp v2-mode
no vtp v2-mode
v2-mode | Enable V2 mode in the VTP administrative domain. Each VTP switch automatically detects the capabilities of all the other VTP devices. To use V2 mode, all VTP switches in the network must support version 2; otherwise, you must configure them to operate in VTP version 1 mode (no vtp v2-mode). If you are using VTP in a Token Ring environment, VTP V2 mode must be enabled. If you are configuring a Token Ring bridge relay function (TRBRF) or Token Ring concentrator relay function (TRCRF) VLAN media type, you must use version 2. If you are configuring a Token Ring or Token Ring-NET VLAN media type, you must use version 1. |
VTP version 2 is disabled.
VLAN database
Toggling the V2 mode state modifies certain parameters of certain default VLANs.
The following example shows how to enable V2 mode in the proposed new VLAN database:
Switch(vlan)# vtp v2-mode
You can verify the previous commands by entering the show vtp status command in privileged EXEC mode.
Posted: Wed May 26 11:57:59 PDT 1999
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