Configuring Networking Protocols

• A network address or a subnetwork address

• An IP subnet mask

The following global configurations are also required:

• Select a routing protocol, such as the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) or the Routing Information Protocol (RIP).

• Assign IP network numbers without specifying subnet values.

EIGRP saves bandwidth by sending routing updates only when routing information changes. The updates contain only information about the link that changed, not the entire routing table. EIGRP also takes into consideration the available bandwidth when determining the rate at which it transmits updates.

Command	Purpose
show ip protocol	Shows the values about routing timers and network information associated with the entire router. Use this information to identify a router that is suspected of delivering bad router information.
show ip route	Shows the contents of the IP routing table. The routing table contains entries for all known networks and subnetworks, and contains a code that indicates how that information was learned.
show ip interfaces	Shows the status and global parameters associated with an interface. Cisco IOS automatically enters a directly connected route in the routing table if the interface is one through which a protocol can send and receive packets. Such an interface is marked "up." If the interface is unusable, it is removed from the routing table.

The routing protocols that the switch router uses to discover multicast groups and build routes for each group follow:

• Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM)

• Constrained multicast flooding (CMF)

The Catalyst 2948G-L3 switch router supports interoperability with routers configured for Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP).

• Senders and receivers are in close proximity to each other.

• The internetwork has fewer senders than receivers.

• The stream of multicast traffic is constant.

When a sender wants to send data, it first sends the data to the rendezvous point. When a router is ready to receive data, it registers with the rendezvous point. After the data stream begins to flow from the sender to the rendezvous point and then to the receiver, routers in the data path optimize the path by automatically removing any unnecessary hops, including the rendezvous point.

PIM sparse mode is optimized for environments in which there are many multipoint data streams and each multicast stream goes to a relatively small number of LANs in the internetwork. PIM sparse mode is most useful under these conditions:

Step	Command	Purpose
1 .	2948G-L3(config)# ip multicast-routing	Enables IP multicast on the switch router.
2 .	2948G-L3(config)# interface f1 2948G-L3(config-if)#	Enters interface configuration mode to configure the Fast Ethernet interface.
3 .	2948G-L3(config-if)# ip pim [dense-mode | sparse mode | sparse-dense-mode]	Runs IP multicast routing on each interface on which you enter this command. You must indicate dense mode, sparse mode, or sparse-dense mode (for internetworks that include both cases).
4 .	2948G-L3(config-if)# Ctrl-Z 2948G-L3#	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
5 .	2948G-L3# copy running-config startup-config	Saves your configuration changes to NVRAM.

Command	Purpose
show ip mroute	Shows the complete multicast routing table.
show ip mroute count	Shows the combined statistics of packets processed.

• A datagram, connectionless protocol that does not require an acknowledgment for each packet

• A Layer 3 (network) protocol that defines the internetwork and internode addresses

• A router specification that identifies the Novell NetWare protocol suite

• Routing Information Protocol (RIP)---facilitates the exchange of routing information

• NetWare Core Protocol (NCP)---provides client-to-server connections and applications

• Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX)---provides Layer 4 (Transport) connection-oriented services

• Service Advertising Protocol (SAP)---advertises NetWare services and addresses, which makes service availability dynamic

Network number A 4-byte (32-bit) number that identifies the physical network. The network number is expressed in hexadecimal and must be unique throughout the entire IPX internetwork. When configuring an IPX network number, you can omit the leading zeros.

Both the network number and the host address are needed to deliver traffic to a host. Addresses are usually given as network numbers, followed by host addresses, separated by dots, as in the example: 4a.0000.0c00.23fe. In this example, the network number is 4a, and the host address is 0000.0c00.23fe.

Once you have started IPX routing and enabled load sharing (if needed) on the router, you can configure the interface for Novell IPX routing.

You can assign multiple network numbers to an interface, allowing support of different encapsulation types. The IPX network number is the number of the Novell network to which the interface is attached. IPX packets received on an interface that does not have a network number are ignored.

Step 2 Set the optional encapsulation type, if it is different from the default.

Command	Purpose
show ipx interfaces	Shows the status and parameters of the interfaces configured for IPX.
show ipx interface f1	Shows the status and parameters for the specified Fast Ethernet IPX interface.
show ipx route	Shows the contents of the IPX routing table.
show ipx servers	Shows the list of IPX servers discovered through SAP advertisements, plus the network address, port number, and the number of hops and ticks to the server.
show ipx traffic	Shows the number and type of IPX packets transmitted and received, as well as the number of broadcasts, SAPs, and routing packets received.