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October 1998
This document describes how to install and configure Cisco's PIX Firewall Manager.
The following topics are covered in these release notes:
1. Each PIX Firewall you wish to manage must be running PIX Firewall version 4.1(7) or later.
2. Each PIX Firewall you manage must have previously been configured with the PIX Firewall telnet command or PIX Firewall Setup Wizard to permit access to the PIX Firewall from the PIX Firewall Manager's Management Server. Refer to "PIX Firewall Requirements" for other requirements.
3. The Windows NT Workstation or Server on which you install PIX Firewall Manager must be running version 4.0 or later. Refer to "Management Server Requirements" for other requirements.
4. The computer running the PIX Firewall Manager Management Client (graphical user interface) must have a network browser that is Java 1.02 or 1.1 compliant. Refer to "Management Client Requirements" for more information.
5. Selecting a menu item (or screen) is indicated by the following convention:
Select screen1>screen2>screen3.
6. The initial PIX Firewall Manager password is set to expire after 42 days. Refer to "Changing Passwords" for more information.
7. The PIX Firewall Manager (PFM) is not compatible with Cisco Resource Manager (CRM) because CRM and PFM both use the SYSLOG UDP port. Do not run both applications on the same system.
Cisco's PIX Firewall Manager lets you administer one or more PIX Firewall units, view SYSLOG messages, define customized alarms for each type of SYSLOG message, and view reports. You can use the PIX Firewall Manager to view, add, and modify the configuration of each PIX Firewall unit.
PIX Firewall Manager software includes these components:
PIX Firewall Manager provides two access levels: user-level with read-only (non-modifying) access and administrator-level with read and write access.
Diskettes for installing PIX Firewall Manager are provided in the PIX Firewall accessory kit.
If you are upgrading from a previous version of PIX Firewall Manager software, refer to the document Installing PIX Firewall and PIX10000, which is included with your PIX Firewall accessory kit. This document has instructions for downloading software from Cisco Systems, Inc.
PIX Firewall Manager can be installed and deinstalled on Workstation and Server versions of Windows NT 4.0.
The following features are included in PIX Firewall software version 4.1(7):
The following PIX Firewall Manager bugs have been fixed. Bug fixes for version 4.1.4, 4.1.5, and 4.1(6) are included for reference.
| Bug Number | Description of Fix | Fixed in Release |
|---|---|---|
CSCdk39378 | A vulnerability in the PIX Firewall Manager HTTP server allowed any attacker who could connect to the server to retrieve any file known in advance to exist on the Windows NT host. In almost all cases, this meant that the host was vulnerable to attack by any user inside the PIX Firewall, but not by users outside the PIX Firewall. This has been fixed. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk34305 | The Management Client no longer receives an error message when the Management Client attempts to download a configuration which has a large number of entries for a single command, and the time it takes for the Management Server to receive these entries from the PIX exceeds one minute. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk23576 | The Management Client no longer receives an error message when downloading a large configuration. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk23534 | If the Windows NT service called "Server" was not running on the Windows NT computer where the PIX Firewall Manager was being installed, the installer would erroneously report the following error and the installation was terminated: You are not authorized to run this installer. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk22492 | The PIX Firewall Manager now prompts users for the PIX Firewall enable password instead of the Telnet password when adding a firewall to the list of PIX Firewalls managed by the PIX Firewall Manager. As always, only the members of the Windows NT user group "PIX Admins" are permitted to add a PIX Firewall to the list of configuration entries. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk22399 | PIX Firewall Manager did not initially send HELO on email notifications as per RFC 821. This affected email applications that expected HELO packets. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk20416, CSCdk29990 | In the SYSLOG Notification Settings tab, the PIX Firewall Manager now saves the Redirect SYSLOG Messages setting after the PIX Firewall Management Server is restarted or the Windows NT computer is rebooted. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk11430 | The PIX Firewall Manager software is fixed to stop occurrences of the following error message: Start Service FAILED! during install of PFM. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk06804 | The PIX Firewall Manager SYSLOG message process (syslogd) could hang after logging 200 messages. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk06121 | The PIX Firewall Manager software is fixed to display more than 200 lines when configured for Immediate SYSLOG in the Alarm and Report tab. | 4.1(7) |
CSCdk03171 | The PIX Firewall Manager installer for 4.1.5 did not properly handle the installation and deinstallation on international versions of Windows NT that did not have a group named "Administrators." On installation, users that did not have administrative rights were allowed to run the installer. On deinstallation, the user would get the error message "You are not authorized to run this installer." | 4.1(6) |
CSCdk02501 | The PFM server no longer generates a Dr. Watson error at reboot. | 4.1(6) |
CSCdj86302 | Special characters, such as "#," in the PIX Firewall configuration file no longer cause the PIX Firewall Manager to stop downloading the configuration file. | 4.1.5 |
CSCdj79959 | The PIX Firewall Manager properly removes all previous versions of PIX Firewall server files during installation, eliminating messages that the files are in use. | 4.1.5 |
CSCdj79957 | The PIX Firewall Manager now properly installs on a Windows NT Server designated as a backup domain controller. | 4.1.5 |
CSCdj76724 | The PIX Firewall Manager now automatically deletes conduit entries when deleting static or mailhost entries. There is a one-to-many correspondence between a static entry and a conduit. Deleting a static without removing the associated conduits makes some entries in the conduit table invalid. The mailhost entry is a static setting. | 4.1.5 |
CSCdj76715 | The PIX Firewall Manager Management Client now displays the conduit entry for the mailhost. A mailhost entry in the PIX Firewall automatically generates a conduit entry for port 25 (mail server port). This conduit entry was not showing up in the PIX Firewall Manager Management Client (GUI display). | 4.1.5 |
CSCdj76711 | The PIX Firewall Manager checks static address entries for valid global address entries. The PIX Firewall disallows a static entry where the global IP address is a host address and the local IP address is a network address, or vice versa. | 4.1.5 |
CSCdj76708 | Configuration download from the PIX Firewall to the PIX Firewall Manager now uses caching to improve performance. | 4.1.5 |
CSCdj76705 | The PIX Firewall Manager periodically checks and updates DNS entries, maintaining host name information for use with the report building feature. | 4.1.5 |
CSCdj76702 | The Setting tab in the PIX Firewall Manager Management Client includes an option for setting the time interval for updating SYSLOG message files. | 4.1.5 |
CSCdj46774 | The Management Client now shows host names and service names on the Information>Xlate screen. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj46771 | The Management Client now lists the connection slots in a separate table from translation slots on the Information>Xlate screen. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj46768 | The Reload Configuration button was added to the Contents window to let you view the most current configuration for a PIX Firewall. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj46759 | PIX Firewall Manager now works with Netscape Navigator version 4.0. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj46758 | The Management Client now shows well-known ports as names on the Information>Xlate screen. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj46748 | PIX Firewall Manager now clears buffers correctly after an error is processed. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj36126 | A check was added so that authentication cannot be added unless an authentication server was previously identified. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj36120 | PIX Firewall Manager now deletes corresponding conduits when a static is deleted. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj32083 | The PIX Firewall Manager now detects when IP addresses are entered incorrectly. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj31847 | PIX Firewall Manager provides new information on the | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj31844 | The Management Client now works correctly when the Management Server goes offline. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj31807 | The PIX Firewall Manager Excel reporting macro, report.xls, no longer displays an error message when started. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj2395 | Global and Outbound list IDs can now only be entered as positive numbers. | 4.1.4 |
CSCdj12370 | A button problem on the Routing>RIP screen was fixed. | 4.1.4 |
The sections that follow describe how to install PIX Firewall Manager.
The following topics are described in this section:
Before installing PIX Firewall Manager, you need the following:
Step 1 Select Start>Settings>Control Panel.
Step 2 Double-click the Network icon.
Step 3 Click the Protocols tab and select TCP/IP Protocols>Properties.
Step 4 When the Microsoft TCP/IP Properties dialog box opens, click the IP Address tab. The IP address appears on the lower part of this tab.
Step 5 If the Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server item is checked, click it to disable it. Then click Specify an IP address and enter an IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway IP address for this system.
The following sections list software requirements for using PIX Firewall Manager.
All PIX Firewall units managed by PIX Firewall Manager version 4.1(7) must be running PIX Firewall version 4.1(7) or later. To check the version of the PIX Firewall software, go to the PIX console and enter the show version command.
If you intend to manage PIX Firewall units on the outside network, each foreign unit must run Private Link and at least one firewall on the local network must also run Private Link. The local PIX Firewall must be configured to communicate with the foreign Private Link firewalls.
You must have console access to each local PIX Firewall you manage. If you are managing remote firewalls, work with the site administrator to get the PIX Firewall to communicate with PIX Firewall Manager.
To configure each PIX Firewall unit, enter these commands at the PIX Firewall console:
Step 1 enable---to enter privileged mode. When prompted, enter the privileged mode password. The default is no password and you can press the Enter key at the prompt.
Step 2 configure terminal---to enter configuration mode.
Step 3 nameif---to specify the name or security level of the outside or optional third interface on the PIX Firewall. The inside interface cannot be renamed or given a different security level. Each security level must be a unique number between 0 and 99.
Step 4 interface---to set options for the Ethernet or Token Ring network interfaces.
Step 5 ip address---to assign IP addresses and network masks to each interface.
Step 6 telnet---to let the PIX Firewall communicate with the PIX Firewall Manager:
Replace Windows_NT_IP_Address with the IP address of the Windows NT system.
Add the comment before the telnet statement to ensure that the next person configuring the firewall knows the purpose of this telnet statement.
Step 7 link and linkpath---if you are managing remote PIX Firewall units, configure each for Private Link access. Refer to Chapter 2, "Configuring the PIX Firewall," in the PIX Firewall Series Configuration Guide for information on configuring Private Link, and Chapter 3, "Command Reference," to view the link command page for more information.
Step 8 write memory---save the configuration in Flash memory.
All commands are described in the PIX Firewall Series Configuration Guide supplied in your PIX Firewall accessory kit.
The Windows NT system on which you install the Management Server requires the following:
The Management Server has the following requirements:
Step 1 Place the sound file on the Windows NT system running the Management Server in the JClient\Netscape subdirectory of the Management Server's target directory.
Step 2 Click the Management Client's Setting tab to modify the audio filename.
All machines running the Management Client must be on the PIX Firewall's inside network.
The Management Client network browser must be Java 1.02 or 1.1 compliant.
The following browsers are supported:
The system running the browser must use Windows 95, Windows NT 4.0 Workstation, Windows NT 4.0 Server, or Solaris. On Windows 95 or Windows NT 4.0, 32 MB RAM is highly recommended.
During installation, if a previous version of the PIX Firewall Manager is found, the installation program replaces the old version with the new.
To install PIX Firewall Manager:
Step 1 Verify network connectivity before starting. This consists of successfully performing the following:
(a) From each PIX Firewall you intend to manage, ping the Windows NT system. Use the PIX Firewall ping inside command. The ping is successful if the "response received" message appears. If the ping is unsuccessful, verify the IP address of the Windows NT system and check the network cabling. For example, if the Windows NT system has an IP address of 192.168.42.42, you would use the following commands from the PIX Firewall to enter privilege mode and run the ping command:
(b) From the Windows NT system, ping the inside interface of each PIX Firewall. To ping from Windows NT, click the Start menu. Then choose the Run... item and enter the ping command, or select the Programs>Command Prompt and enter the command there. The ping is successful if the "Reply from" message appears. If the ping is unsuccessful, verify the IP address of the inside interface of the PIX Firewall and check the network cabling. For example, if a PIX Firewall has an inside IP address of 192.168.42.54, you would enter this command:
(c) From the Windows NT system, establish a Telnet session with each target PIX Firewall. The Telnet is successful if the "PIX password" prompt appears. The default password is cisco. Enter the password and after messages appear, you then receive access to the PIX Firewall command prompt. If the Telnet is unsuccessful, go to the PIX Firewall console and use the show telnet command to ensure that the configuration has a telnet command entry for the IP address of the Windows NT system. Refer to "PIX Firewall Requirements" for information on how to enter the PIX Firewall console commands to get to configuration mode, give Telnet access, and to store the configuration in Flash memory. For example, if a PIX Firewall has an IP address of 192.168.42.54, enter these commands to access configuration mode, let administrators start Telnet sessions with the PIX Firewall console, and store the configuration in Flash memory:
Step 2 Exit all Windows programs.
Step 3 Log in to the Windows NT system as Administrator or as any user who is a member of the Administrator group or who has Windows NT Administrator privileges.
Step 4 From the Windows NT system, insert the first PIX Firewall Manager diskette in the diskette drive. You can install the software:
Step 5 Once the installation program starts, you are prompted with a series of dialog boxes. You can simply click Next and the installation will proceed without interruption. Alternately, you can designate an installation directory other than the default.
Step 6 During the installation you are prompted for a port number for the PIX Firewall Manager's built-in web server, use the default, 8080, unless that port is in use already. Any port between 1025 and 64000 can be entered as an alternative. To pick another port, view ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/port-numbers to find the ports in use.
The installation program then copies its files and prompts you to insert the second diskette. Insert the diskette and the remaining files are copied.
Step 7 At the last dialog box, click Finish. The Management Server starts automatically.
Step 8 To check whether the Management Server is running, select Start>Settings>Control Panel and double-click the Services icon. Look for the "PIX Firewall Management Server" service name. A server is running if its status appears as Started. If the status field is blank, you may run the server by selecting its name and then clicking Start. If you need to stop the Management Server, refer to the instructions for doing so in "Management Server Requirements."
Step 9 After the software setup completes, change the default passwords of the pixadmin and pixuser users with the Windows NT User Manager program described in the following section, "Changing Passwords."
To change passwords for the pixadmin and pixuser default user names:
Step 1 Select Start>Programs>Administrative Tools (Common)>User Manager. If your Windows NT system is a domain controller, select User Manager for Domains.
Step 2 When the User Manager starts, locate the two users, pixadmin and pixuser in the Username section of the screen.
Step 3 Select the pixadmin username and select User>Properties.
Step 4 In the User Properties dialog box, enter the new password in the Password and Confirm Password fields.
Step 5 In the User Properties dialog box, check Password Never Expires to prevent the password from expiring. If the box is not checked, the password expires after the number of days set in the Account Policy Maximum Password Age configured in the Windows NT system. The default value set during Windows NT system installation is 42 days. Click OK to exit.
Step 6 Select the pixuser username and select User>Properties. Enter the new password in the Password and Confirm Password fields.
Step 7 In the User Properties dialog box, check Password Never Expires to prevent the password from expiring.
Step 8 Click OK to exit and select User>Exit to leave the User Manager.
You can specify which users can access the Management Client by creating user accounts on the Windows NT system on which PIX Firewall Manager is installed and giving the user either PIX Firewall Manager administrative or read-only access privileges. When the Management Client starts, users enter their login ID and password and, if accepted, can then run PIX Firewall Manager.
To limit access to the Management Client:
Step 1 Start the User Manager as described in Step 1 in the preceding section, "Changing Passwords." The User Manager dialog box appears. If you want to authorize access for users who already have accounts on the Windows NT system, proceed to Step 2. To add new users to the Windows NT system, select User>New User. Specify the information for the user including the user's login name, full name, and password.
Step 2 To give a user access to the Management Client, locate the Groups area at the bottom of the User Manager dialog box.
Step 3 From the Groups area, if you want users to be able to change PIX Firewall settings, double-click PIX Admins. If you want users to only have read access and no change privileges, double-click PIX Users. The Local Group Properties dialog box then appears.
Step 4 Click Add to add an existing user to the selected group. The Add Users and Groups dialog box appears.
Step 5 From the Names field, select the name of the user you wish to add, click Add, and then click OK to complete adding this user. Control returns to the Local Group Properties dialog box where you can continue adding users. To exit back to the User Manager dialog box, click OK. Then exit User Manager by clicking OK.
To start the Management Client, start the network browser, disable proxies and then access the Management Client.
Step 1 Choose the Network Preferences option from the Options menu.
Step 2 Click the Proxies tab, check the No Proxies option, and click OK.
Step 3 Choose the Open Location option from the File menu, enter ^L, or click Open, and enter the following:
IP_address is the system running PIX Firewall Manager Server. port is the Management Server's web server port that you defined in Step 6 of "Installing PIX Firewall Manager."
Step 1 Choose the Preferences... item from the Edit menu. A dialog box appears.
Step 2 In the hierarchy display at the left, double-click the Advanced item. (In Solaris, click the arrow beside Advanced.) The hierarchy expands to display additional choices.
Step 3 Click the Proxies item from the expanded hierarchy list.
Step 4 Check the Direct connection to the Internet option, and click OK.
Step 5 Choose the Open Location option from the File menu, enter ^L, or click Open, and enter the following:
IP_address is the system running PIX Firewall Manager Server. port is the Management Server's web server port that you defined in Step 6 of "Installing PIX Firewall Manager."
Step 1 Choose the Internet Options... item from the View menu.
Step 2 Click the Connections tab.
Step 3 In the Proxies Server group box, disable the Access the Internet using a proxy server option.
Step 4 Return to the main menu and enter the following:
IP_address is the system running PIX Firewall Manager Server. port is the Management Server's web server port that you defined in Step 6 of "Installing PIX Firewall Manager."
You can view the Management Client applet with any network browser described in "Management Client Requirements."
Step 1 After you have disabled browser proxies as described in "Starting the Management Client" and started the Management Client, the home page appears.
Step 2 You can generate reports using Microsoft Excel 97 by following the instructions in the Information section, or start the Management Client at the bottom of the page depending on the type of browser you are using.
Step 3 You are then prompted for a username and password. For the username, enter pixadmin for read-write access, or pixuser for read-only access. Enter either the default password, cisco, or the new password entered in Step 9 in "Installing PIX Firewall Manager."
You can also use any username that is in either the PIX Admins or PIX Users group. When you complete entering a username and password, click OK. The Management Client then opens after it loads into memory.
Step 4 If you need to restart the applet, you can click the browser's Reload button.
After you enter your login credentials, the Management Client window appears.
Step 1 To view or modify the PIX Firewall configuration, go to the Main Tree window on the left side of the Management Client window and double-click a PIX Firewall folder. If the Main Tree window is empty, click Add A PIX Firewall in the Contents window to add PIX Firewall units to the Main Tree. A dialog box appears prompting you to enter the IP address of the PIX Firewall and the privileged mode (enable) password for that firewall.
To get the most current configuration for a firewall, select a PIX Firewall from the Main Tree and click Reload Configuration.
The areas of the Management Client window are as follows:
Step 2 Double-click the configuration option you want from the folder in the Main Tree. The folder then opens into a series of subfolders or files for each configuration feature. The Contents area displays information about each configuration feature. Use the button selections to get help information, view current configuration information, or change configuration settings.
Step 3 To ensure that the firewall can reload the new configuration after reboot, save the configuration in the firewall's Flash memory by clicking the Save to Flash Mem of PIX button. To back up the configuration to a diskette, follow these steps:
(a) Place an IBM-formatted diskette in the PIX Firewall's drive.
(b) In the PIX Firewall Manager's Main Tree window, click the PIX Firewall folder's Administration folder.
(c) Select Save/Erase Config, and click to Floppy.
To stop the Management Client, stop the network browser on which it runs.
If you need to stop the Management Server:
Step 1 Select Start>Settings>Control Panel>Services.
Step 2 When the Services dialog box opens, select the PIX Firewall Management Server item from the Service list. You can stop this service by clicking the Stop button.
The PIX Firewall generates SYSLOG messages for system events, such as security alerts and resource depletion. SYSLOG messages are stored in log files and can be used to create alerts and reports.
The PIX Firewall Manager provides two ways to view SYSLOG connection information: using the PIX Firewall Management Client graphical user interface, or using a Microsoft Excel macro and data files provided for Microsoft Excel 97. Options for printing reports are available only using Microsoft Excel 97. This section includes the following topics:
Prior to using the SYSLOG features, you must configure the PIX Firewall to generate messages and to send them to a host location. To configure each PIX Firewall unit, follow the instructions for "Navigating the Management Client." From the Management Client, select Admininstration>SYSLOG to view options for configuring SYSLOG host and message information.
To view SYSLOG reports from the PIX Firewall Management Client, follow the instructions for "Navigating the Management Client." From the Management Client, click the Alarm and Report tab to view options for generating reports.
To view and print SYSLOG reports from the macro, follow the instructions for "Starting the Management Client" to display the PIX Firewall Manager home page. From the home page, follow the instructions on how to log in and generate reports.
The PIX Firewall Manager saves SYSLOG information in daily log files. For example, PIX Firewall connection information for Monday is saved in the monday.log file. The log files are located in \PIX Firewall Manager\protect\<weekday>.log on the Windows NT computer.
Log files are retained for one week, allowing a separate log file for each day of the week. After one week, daily log files are overwritten, starting with the daily file that was created first. For example, if log files were first started on Monday, the Monday log file will be overwritten in seven days. This also means that you can access a six-day archive of log information for a given day.
Problems generating SYSLOG reports can mean that one or both of the configuration settings for the SYSLOG host or Message type is not correct, or that data is not reaching the SYSLOG host. If you have problems displaying SYSLOG report information, or you receive a "Database Empty" error message, check the following items:
If you have problems installing or using the PIX Firewall Manager, check the following items:
Step 1 Select Start>Settings>Control Panel>Services on the Windows NT computer.
Step 2 Scroll through the services to locate the PIX Firewall Manager Server.
Step 3 Double-click PIX Firewall Manager Server, which displays the Service dialog box.
Step 4 In the Service dialog box, check Allow Service to Interact with Desktop and click OK.
Step 5 In the Services dialog box, click Stop to halt the PIX Firewall Manager Server; then click Start to restart the service.
Step 6 Start the PIX Firewall Manager. Errors generated by the application appear in the PIX Management dialog box.
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