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This appendix includes the following sections:
This section describes how to set up an Oracle RDBMS for NetRanger data staging, and includes the following topics:
This section describes setting up an Oracle server that is local to the Director, and includes the following sections:
The first task in setting up Oracle with the orainst utility is to set up various parameters, as follows:
Step 1 Use the su command to become user root.
Step 2 Edit the /etc/system file, adding the following memory parameters:
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=16777216 set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin=1 set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=200 set shmsys:shminfo_shmseg=10
Step 3 Reboot the system.
Step 4 Create the oracle user by typing:
useradd oracle
Step 5 Edit the /etc/passwd file and change the oracle user's home directory to your ORACLE_BASE, which is usually /local/oracle, but may be different on your system.
Step 6 Use the passwd command to create a password for the oracle user.
Step 7 Create the required oracle user directories by typing the following commands:
mkdir -p oracle_home chown oracle oracle_home mkdir -p /var/opt/oracle chown oracle /var/opt/oracle
where oracle_home is the ORACLE_BASE, which is usually /local/oracle, but may be different on your system.
Step 8 Use the su command to become user oracle.
Step 9 Edit the .profile file for user oracle with the following parameters:
export ORACLE_HOME=oracle_home/product export ORACLE_SID=your_SID_name export ORACLE_BASE=oracle_home export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
where oracle_home is the ORACLE_BASE (usually /local/oracle) and your_SID_name is an alphanumeric identifier you create, such as NRDB or DBAdmin.
The orainst utility guides you through an Oracle installation. To run the orainst utility, follow these steps:
Step 1 Use the su command to become user root.
Step 2 Insert the Oracle CD into the CD-ROM drive.
Step 3 Mount the CD-ROM drive.
Step 4 Use the su command to become user oracle.
Step 5 Type the following command:
cd /cdrom/cdrom0/orainst
Step 6 Set your terminal emulation by typing the following command:
export TERM=emulation_type
where emulation_type is either sun5, vt100, or ansi, depending on your system.
Step 7 Start the orainst utility by typing the following command:
./orainst
If you are installing on Windows, type:
./orainst /m
Use the Tab key to navigate and the space bar to select items. Pressing Enter defaults to OK.
Step 8 On the Install Type screen, choose Default Install.
Step 9 Press Enter after reading the preamble.txt file.
Step 10 Press Enter after reading the /cdrom/oracle804/orainst/README.FIRST file.
Step 11 On the Installation Activity Choice screen, choose Install, Upgrade, or De-Install Software.
Step 12 On the Installation Options screen, choose Install New Product - Create DB Objects.
Step 13 On the Environment Variables screen, set the following variables:
where oracle_home is your ORACLE_BASE (usually /local/oracle) and your_SID_name is the same SID set in Step 9 of the "Before You Run the orainst Utility" section earlier in this chapter.
Step 14 Press Enter after reading the /local/oracle/product/orainst/defaults file.
Step 15 On the Software Asset Manager screen, use the space bar to select each of the following:
Step 16 On the Default Database Startup Using Prebuilt Datafiles screen, press Enter.
Step 17 On the Database Mount Points screen, define the following mount points:
where oracle_home is your ORACLE_BASE (usually /local/oracle).
Step 18 On the LSM Question screen, choose No.
Step 19 For the rest of the install options, choose the default option.
The orainst utility installs the Oracle software.
After running the orainst utility, follow these steps:
Step 1 If prompted by the orainst utility, run the root.sh script.
Step 2 Use the su command to become user root.
Step 3 Create the /etc/rc2.d/S99oracle file and add the following line to it:
su - oracle -c /local/oracle/product/bin/dbstart
Step 4 Use the su command to become user oracle.
Step 5 Type the following command to verify that the variables in the .profile file are set correctly:
ls -l $ORACLE_HOME/bin
Step 6 In the /var/opt/oracle/oratab file, change the SID status from N to Y.
Step 7 Type the following command:
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart
Step 8 Log on to sqlplus with the following command:
sqlplus sys/change_on_install
Step 9 From the SQL prompt, immediately change the passwords for sys and system:
alter user sys identified by sys_new_password; alter user system identified by system_new_password;
where sys_new_password is the new password for user sys and system_new_password is the new password for user system.
 | Caution All Oracle passwords must be alphabetic characters only. |
Step 10 Log on to SQLPlus as user sys by typing the following command:
sqlplus sys/sys_new_password
where sys_new_password is the newly configured password for user sys.
Step 11 Create the Oracle netranger user with the following commands:
create user netranger identified by netranger_password default tablespace USERS; grant dba to netranger;
where netranger_password is the password you define for Oracle user netranger.
| Caution All Oracle passwords must be alphabetic characters only. |
Step 12 Use the su command to become the UNIX user netrangr.
Step 13 Edit the .profile.custom file for user netrangr with the following parameters:
export ORACLE_HOME=oracle_home/product export ORACLE_SID=your_SID_name export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
where oracle_home is your ORACLE_HOME (usually /local/oracle) and your_SID_name is the same SID set in Step 9 of the "Before You Run the orainst Utility" section earlier in this chapter.
Step 14 Type the following command:
. ./.profile
Step 15 Log on to SQLPlus as Oracle user netranger with the following command:
sqlplus netranger/netranger_password
where netranger_password is the password you defined in Step 11.
Step 16 Type the following query:
select substr(tablespace_name,1,8),substr(file_name,1,59),bytes from dba_data_files order by 1;
The result of this query should be a path and filename similar to the following:
oracle_home/oracle_mount/oradata/your_SID_name/filename.dbf
where oracle_home is your ORACLE_BASE (usually /local/oracle), oracle_mount is one of the mount points defined in the Oracle Mount Points screen of the orainst utility, your_SID_name is the established SID, and filename is a filename containing alphabetical characters with a numerical suffix (for example, users02).
Step 17 Extend your datafiles with the following command:
alter tablespace USERS add datafile `file_spec' size numberM;
where file_spec is the path and filename from the previous step, but with an incremented numerical suffix (for example, if the highest numbered dbf file is users02.dbf, use users03.dbf) and number is the amount of megabytes set aside for your tablespace.
For example:
alter tablespace USERS add datafile '/local/oracle/1/oradata/ripper/users03.dbf' size 2000M;
adds 2 gigabytes of disk space to the existing USERS tablespace, and specifies the /local/oracle/1/oradata/ripper/users03.dbf file.
Step 18 Type quit to exit SQL*Plus.
Step 19 Type the following commands:
cd /usr/nr/bin/sap/sql/skel ./nrdb_master_create
Step 20 When prompted, type your database username and password. When prompted for Remote DB Service, enter a blank space.
After installing Oracle, you will need to set the database user and password tokens in nrConfigure. To do so, follow these steps:
Step 1 On the Director interface, click the remote machine you want to configure.
Step 2 Click Configure on the Security menu.
The Configuration Librarian opens.
Step 3 In the currently applied version, double-click Data Management.
The Data Management dialog box opens.
Step 4 Click the Database tab (see Figure C-1).
Step 5 Edit the User and Password fields for User 1.
Step 6 Click OK to close the Data Management dialog box.
This section describes setting up an Oracle server that is remote from the Director, and includes the following sections:
To preconfigure the Oracle server, follow these steps:
Step 1 Use the su command to become user root.
Step 2 Edit the /etc/system file, adding the following memory parameters:
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=16777216 set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin=1 set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=200 set shmsys:shminfo_shmseg=10
Step 3 Create the oracle user by typing:
useradd oracle
Step 4 Edit the /etc/passwd file and change the oracle user's home directory to your ORACLE_BASE, which should be /local/oracle.
Step 5 Use the passwd command to create a password for the oracle user.
Step 6 Create the required oracle user directories by typing the following commands:
mkdir -p /local/oracle chown oracle /local/oracle mkdir -p /var/opt/oracle chown oracle /var/opt/oracle
Step 7 Use the su command to become user oracle.
Step 8 Edit the .profile file for user oracle with the following parameters:
export ORACLE_HOME=/local/oracle/product export ORACLE_SID=your_SID_name export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
where your_SID_name is an alphanumeric identifier you create, such as NRDB or DBAdmin.
To run the orainst utility, follow these steps:
Step 1 Use the su command to become user root.
Step 2 Insert the Oracle CD into the CD-ROM drive.
Step 3 Mount the CD-ROM drive.
Step 4 Use the su command to become user oracle.
Step 5 Type the following command:
cd /cdrom/cdrom0/orainst
Step 6 Set your terminal emulation by typing the following command:
export TERM=emulation_type
where emulation_type is either sun5, vt100, or ansi, depending on your system.
Step 7 Start the orainst utility by typing the following command:
./orainst
Use the Tab key to navigate and the space bar to select items. Pressing Enter defaults to OK.
Step 8 On the Install Type screen, choose Default Install.
Step 9 Press Enter after reading the preamble.txt file.
Step 10 Press Enter after reading the /cdrom/oracle804/orainst/README.FIRST file.
Step 11 On the Installation Activity Choice screen, choose Install, Upgrade, or De-Install Software.
Step 12 On the Installation Options screen, choose Install New Product - Create DB Objects.
Step 13 On the Environment Variables screen, set the following variables:
where your_SID_name is the same SID set in Step 9 of the "Before You Run the orainst Utility" section earlier in this chapter.
Step 14 Press Enter after reading the /local/oracle/product/orainst/defaults file.
Step 15 On the Software Asset Manager screen, use the space bar to select each of the following:
Step 16 On the Default Database Startup Using Prebuilt Datafiles screen, press Enter.
Step 17 On the Database Mount Points screen, define the following mount points:
Step 18 On the LSM Question screen, choose No.
Step 19 For the rest of the install options, choose the default option.
The orainst utility installs the Oracle software.
To set up networking and communications on the server, follow these steps:
Step 1 If prompted by the orainst utility, run the root.sh script.
Step 2 Use the su command to become user root.
Step 3 Add the following lines to the /etc/rc2.d/S99oracle file:
su - oracle -c /local/oracle/product/bin/dbstart su - oracle -c /local/oracle/product/bin/lsnrctl start
Step 4 Use the su command to become user oracle.
Step 5 Type the following command to verify that the variables in the .profile file are set correctly:
ls -l $ORACLE_HOME/bin
Step 6 In the /var/opt/oracle/oratab file, change the SID status from N to Y.
Step 7 Type the following command:
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart
Step 8 Edit the listener.ora file:
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME= hostname)
(ORACLE_HOME= /local/oracle/product)
(SID_NAME = your_SID_name)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = extproc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /local/oracle/product)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
where hostname is the name of the host on which the Oracle server is running, and your_SID_name is the established SID.
Step 9 Type the following command:
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start
Step 10 Log on to sqlplus with the following command:
sqlplus sys/change_on_install
Step 11 From the SQL prompt, immediately change the passwords for sys and system:
alter user sys identified by sys_new_password; alter user system identified by system_new_password;
where sys_new_password is the new password for user sys and system_new_password is the new password for user system.
| Caution All Oracle passwords must be alphabetic characters only. |
Step 12 Log on to SQLPlus as user sys by typing the following command:
sqlplus sys/sys_new_password
where sys_new_password is the newly configured password for user sys.
Step 13 Create the Oracle netranger user with the following commands:
create user netranger identified by netranger_password default tablespace USERS; grant dba to netranger;
where netranger_password is the password you define for Oracle user netranger.
| Caution All Oracle passwords must be alphabetic characters only. |
Step 14 Use the su command to become the UNIX user netrangr.
Step 15 Edit the .profile file for user netrangr with the following parameters:
export ORACLE_HOME=/local/oracle/product export ORACLE_SID=your_SID_name export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
where your_SID_name is the same SID set in Step 9 of the "Before You Run the orainst Utility" section earlier in this chapter.
Step 16 Type the following command:
. ./.profile
Step 17 Log on to SQLPlus as Oracle user netranger with the following command:
sqlplus netranger/netranger_password
where netranger_password is the password you defined in Step 11.
To increase the tablespace size on the server, follow these steps:
Step 1 From SQLPlus, type the following query:
select substr(tablespace_name,1,8),substr(file_name,1,59),bytes from dba_data_files order by 1;
The result of this query should be a path and filename similar to the following:
/local/oracle/oracle_mount/oradata/your_SID_name/filename.dbf
where oracle_mount is one of the mount points defined in the Oracle Mount Points screen of the orainst utility, your_SID_name is the established SID, and filename is a file name containing alphabetical characters with a numerical suffix (for example, users02).
Step 2 Extend your datafiles with the following command:
alter tablespace USERS add datafile `file_spec' size numberM;
where file_spec is the path and filename from the previous step, but with an incremented numerical suffix (for example, if the highest numbered dbf file is users02.dbf, use users03.dbf) and number is the amount of megabytes set aside for your tablespace.
For example:
alter tablespace USERS add datafile `/local/oracle/1/oradata/ripper/users03.dbf' size 2000M;
adds 2 gigabytes of disk space to the existing USERS tablespace, and specifies the /local/oracle/1/oradata/ripper/users03.dbf file.
To preconfigure the Oracle client on the NetRanger Director, follow these steps:
Step 1 Use the su command to become user root.
Step 2 Create the oracle user by typing:
useradd oracle
Step 3 Edit the /etc/passwd file and change the oracle user's home directory to your ORACLE_BASE, which should be /local/oracle.
Step 4 Use the passwd command to create a password for the oracle user.
Step 5 Create the required oracle user directories by typing the following commands:
mkdir -p /local/oracle chown oracle /local/oracle mkdir -p /var/opt/oracle chown oracle /var/opt/oracle
Step 6 Use the su command to become user oracle.
Step 7 Edit the .profile file for user oracle with the following parameters:
export ORACLE_HOME=/local/oracle/product export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
To run the orainst utility, follow these steps:
Step 1 Use the su command to become user root.
Step 2 Insert the Oracle CD into the CD-ROM drive.
Step 3 Mount the CD-ROM drive.
Step 4 Use the su command to become user oracle.
Step 5 Type the following command:
cd /cdrom/cdrom0/orainst
Step 6 Set your terminal emulation by typing the following command:
export TERM=emulation_type
where emulation_type is either sun5, vt100, or ansi, depending on your system.
Step 7 Start the orainst utility by typing the following command:
./orainst
Use the Tab key to navigate and the space bar to select items. Pressing Enter defaults to OK.
Step 8 On the Install Type screen, choose Default Install.
Step 9 Press Enter after reading the preamble.txt file.
Step 10 Press Enter after reading the /cdrom/oracle804/orainst/README.FIRST file.
Step 11 On the Installation Activity Choice screen, choose Install, Upgrade, or De-Install Software.
Step 12 On the Installation Options screen, choose Install New Product - Do Not Create DB Objects.
Step 13 On the Environment Variables screen, set the following variables:
Step 14 Press Enter after reading the /local/oracle/product/orainst/defaults file.
Step 15 On the Software Asset Manager screen, use the space bar to select each of the following:
Step 16 For the rest of the install options, choose the default option.
The orainst utility installs the Oracle software.
To set up networking and communications on the client, follow these steps:
Step 1 If prompted by the orainst utility, run the root.sh script.
Step 2 Use the su command to become user oracle.
Step 3 Type the following command to verify that the variables in the .profile file are set correctly:
ls -l $ORACLE_HOME/bin
Step 4 In the /var/opt/oracle/oratab file, change the SID status from N to Y.
Step 5 Add an entry to the tnsnames.ora file:
remoteDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(Host = hostname)(Port = 1521)
(CONNECT_DATA= (SID = your_SID_name))
)
where hostname is the name of the host on which the Oracle server is running, and your_SID_name is the established SID on the Oracle server.
Step 6 Type the following command:
tnsping hostname
where hostname is the host name of the Oracle server.
Step 7 Use the su command to become the UNIX user netrangr.
Step 8 Edit the .profile file for the UNIX user netrangr with the following parameters:
export ORACLE_HOME=/local/oracle/product export PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
Step 9 Type the following command:
. ./profile
Step 10 Type the following command:
tnsping tnsname
where tnsname is the alias of the Oracle server established in the tnsnames.ora file.
Step 11 Type the following commands:
cd /usr/nr/bin/sap/sql/skel ./nrdb_master_create
Step 12 When prompted, type your database username and password, and the following for Remote DB Service:
@hostname
where hostname is the hostname running the Oracle server.
After installing Oracle, you will need to set the database user and password tokens in nrConfigure. To do so, follow these steps:
Step 1 On the Director interface, click the remote machine you want to configure.
Step 2 Click Configure on the Security menu.
The Configuration Librarian opens.
Step 3 In the currently applied version, double-click Data Management.
The Data Management dialog box opens.
Step 4 Click the Database tab (see Figure C-2).
Step 5 Edit the User and Password fields for User 1.
Step 6 Click OK to close the Data Management dialog box.
This section discusses the following topics:
Table C-1 lists various useful SQLPlus queries.
| Purpose | Query |
|---|---|
Show active user sessions | |
Show configured users | |
Show all data files | |
Show summary of allocated tablespaces | |
Show free space | |
List all tables | |
Table C-2 lists various useful SQLPlus commands.
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
set pagesize | Defines the frequency of column headings. Override the low default of 14 with 5000 or more. |
set linesize | Defines the maximum width of a line. Increase above 80 if your query returns data wrapped over a single line. |
spool | Output mechanism. The spool filename command appends all sqlplus output to the file designated in filename. The spool command without arguments shows the current state. The spool off command closes the file. |
help | Syntax reference for SQL commands. For example, help alter tablespace provides information on the Oracle alter tablespace command. |
This section provides generic instructions for installing a non-Oracle RDBMS with NetRanger, and includes the following topics:
Follow these steps to set up non-Oracle schemas:
Step 1 Log on as user netrangr.
Step 2 Type the following command:
cd /usr/nr/bin/sap/sql/skel
Step 3 Edit the nrdb_master_create script and associated create_table scripts to conform to your database's syntax.
Step 4 Type the following command:
nrdb_master_create
Step 5 At the prompts, type your database username and password followed by one of the following for the Remote DB Service prompt:
Remote DB Service prompt.
Follow these steps to set up a non-Oracle database loader:
Step 1 Log on as user netrangr.
Step 2 Type the following commands:
cd /usr/nr/bin/sap cp load_run.sh load_run.sh.bak cp skel/load_run_sh.oraldr load_run.sh
Step 3 Adjust the syntax of the following line in the new load_run.sh file:
sqlldr DATA=${TEMP_FILE} CONTROL=${CONTROL_FILE} USERID=${DB_CONNECT}
This line as it stands works with the Oracle bulk loader. Edit this line to meet the needs of your RDBMS system's bulk loader call (which may or may not require DATA, CONTROL, and USERID arguments).
Step 4 You also need to edit the *.ctl files in /usr/nr/bin/sap/skel to support your database system's bulk loading syntax. These files define the table schemas and input handling for the bulk loader.
Step 5 To ensure that load_run.sh is functioning properly, create and run the following testBulkLoad script:
#!/bin/ksh export PATH_TMP=/usr/nr/var/tmp export SAP_DB_USER=database_user_name export SAP_DB_PASS=database_password export SAP_BIN=/usr/nr/bin/sap $SAP_BIN/load_run.sh netranger_logfile
where database_user_name is your database username, database_password is your database password, and netranger_logfile is a valid NetRanger log file in /usr/nr/var/tmp.
You may need to make minor syntax changes to the queries in the /usr/nr/bin/sap/sql directory to accommodate non-Oracle SQL interpreters. However, you will not need to change the overall structure of the queries.
For more information on using and customizing SQL queries, refer to the "Generating and Customizing Reports with SQL Queries" section in "Managing Security Data."
The database scheduler uses the load_run.sh file to stage the data from /usr/nr/var/new into the appropriate database tool. Make sure that you are using the load_run.sh file for this purpose, and the scheduler will run appropriately.
To set up a Remedy ARS Trouble Ticketing System, follow these steps:
Step 1 On the Director, log on as user netrangr.
Step 2 Type:
cd /usr/nr/bin/sap cp load_run.sh load_run.sh.bak cp skel/load_run_sh.remedy load_run.sh
Step 3 On the Director interface, click the Director icon.
Step 4 Click Configure on the Security menu.
The Configuration Librarian opens.
Step 5 In the currently applied version, double-click Data Management.
Step 6 The Data Management dialog box opens (see Figure C-3).
Step 7 Click the Database tab.
Step 8 You can set up a Remedy account by editing the following fields:
Step 9 Click OK to close the Data Management dialog box.
Step 10 To apply your changes, click the newly-created transient folder and click Apply.
Posted: Wed Jul 19 15:23:31 PDT 2000
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