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This chapter provides information on the Ethernet Interface Processor (EIP). (See Figure 5-1.)
The EIP provides two, four, or six high-speed AUI (10 Mbps) ports, and ships as Product Numbers CX-EIP2(=), CX-EIP4(=), and CX-EIP6(=), respectively. Each port on the EIP supports both Ethernet Version 1 and IEEE 802.3/Ethernet Version 2 interfaces. Each Ethernet port requires an Ethernet transceiver or a media attachment unit (MAU) and a transceiver cable or attachment unit interface (AUI) to connect to the external network. The EIP firmware (microcode), which contains card-specific software instructions, resides in a ROM in socket U101 (see Figure 5-1).
The term Ethernet is commonly used for all carrier sense multiple access/collision detection (CSMA/CD) local area networks (LANs) that generally conform to Ethernet specifications, including IEEE 802.3. Ethernet Version 2 and IEEE 802.3 were based on, and developed shortly after, Ethernet Version 1. The slight differences between Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 are implemented in hardware, and both are supported automatically by the EIP without any hardware or software configuration changes. Together, Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 are the most widely used local-area network protocols. They are well suited to applications where a local communication medium must carry sporadic, occasionally heavy traffic at high peak data rates.
Stations on a CSMA/CD LAN can access the network at any time. Before sending data, the station listens to the network to see of it is already in use. If it is, the station waits until the network is not in use, then transmits. A collision occurs when two stations listen for network traffic, hear none, and transmit simultaneously. When this happens, both transmissions are damaged, and the stations must retransmit them. The stations detect the collision and use backoff algorithms to determine when they should retransmit.
Both Ethernet and IEEE 802.3, are broadcast networks, which means that all stations see all transmissions. Each station must examine received frames to determine whether it is the intended destination and, if it is, pass the frame to a higher protocol layer for processing. IEEE 802.3 specifies several different physical layers, and Ethernet defines only one. Each IEEE 802.3 physical layer protocol has a name that summarizes its characteristics in the format speed/signaling method/segment length, where speed is the LAN speed in Mbps, signaling method is the signaling method used (either baseband or broadband), and segment length is the maximum length between stations in hundreds of meters. For example, 10BASE-5 specifies a 10-Mbps baseband LAN with network segments spaced at 500 meters.
Table 5-1 summarizes the characteristics of Ethernet Version 2 and IEEE 802.3.
| Parameters | Ethernet | IEEE 802.3 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10BASE-5 | 10BASE-2 | 10BASE-T | ||
| Data Rate (Mbps) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Signaling method | Baseband | Baseband | Baseband | Baseband |
| Max. segment length (m) | 500 | 500 | 185 | 100 (UTP) |
| Media | 50-ohm coax (thick) | 50-ohm coax (thick) | 50-ohm coax (thin) | Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) |
| Topology | Bus | Bus | Bus | Star |
Ethernet is most similar to IEEE 802.3 10BASE-5. Both of these protocols specify a bus topology network with a connecting cable between the end stations and the actual network medium. Both protocols require a device that acts as an interface between the end stations in this case, the EIP) and the actual network medium (cable). The Ethernet specifications call this device a transceiver and it is connected to the station with a transceiver cable. The IEEE 802.3 specifications refers to the same type of device as a media attachment unit (MAU) and to the cable as an attachment unit interface (AUI). Both transceiver cables and AUIs can connect to the EIP ports directly.
The maximum distances for Ethernet network segments and connections depend on the type of transmission cable used: 0.4 diameter coaxial (10BASE-5), 0.25-inch diameter coaxial (10BASE-2), or unshielded twisted-pair (10BASE-T). The term 10BASE-5 is an abbreviation for 10-Mbps transmission, Baseband medium, and a maximum cable length of 500 meters.
Network connections to the coaxial-type cables are tapped into a network segment and must be spaced at specific intervals. The maximum number of connections (taps) per segment and the recommended intervals at which they must be placed are shown in Table 5-2. A maximum of four repeaters can be used to link segments in a single network.
| Parameter | 10BASE-5 | 10BASE-2 |
|---|---|---|
| Cable diameter | 0.4 in (1 cm) | 0.25 in (0.6 cm) |
| Maximum segment length | 1640 ft (500 m) | 500 ft (152 m) |
| Maximum network length (with 4 repeaters) | 8200 ft (2500 m) | 2500 ft (762 m) |
| Maximum connections (taps per segment) | 100 | 30 |
| Minimum connection (tap) spacing | 8.2 ft (2.5 m) | 1.64 ft (0.5 m) |
The unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cabling used with 10BASE-T is suitable for voice transmission, but might incur problems transmitting data at 10-Mbps rates. The IEEE recommendations for the maximum distance between station (connection) and hub is 328 feet (100 meters) for 10BASE-T at 10 Mbps.
 | Caution Some 10BASE-T transceivers can connect directly to the ports on the EIP. When planning network connections, consider the size and placement of the transceivers you plan to attach directly to the EIP. The high density of connectors on the interface processors might prevent you from being able to attach transceivers directly without overlapping and possibly impairing access to connectors on adjacent interface processors. |
You need an Ethernet transceiver or media attachment unit (MAU) to connect the EIP port to the Ethernet network. Several types of single-port and multiport transceivers are available. The type you use depends on the type of cabling your Ethernet network uses: thick wire (10BASE-5), thin wire (10BASE-2), or unshielded twisted-pair (10BASE-T at 10 Mbps). You can connect either Ethernet Version 1 or Version 2/IEEE 802.3 interfaces; the EIP automatically supports both types. Some examples are shown in Figure 5-2.
The two, four, or six Ethernet connectors on the EIP are standard 15-pin female AUI connectors. Each port supports both Ethernet Version 1 and IEEE 802.3/Ethernet Version 2 interfaces; the EIP senses the type of connection from the interface cable you connect and adjusts automatically for the appropriate interface type. The ports are independent, so you can mix both versions on one EIP. Slide-type cable locks are standard on all ports; however, an adapter kit is included with each EIP so that you can change the locks to the jackscrew type to accommodate your interface cables. (For a description, refer to the section "Ethernet Connector Locks" on page 5-8.)
Table 5-3 lists the pinout for the 15-pin Ethernet connector used on the EIP ports.
| Pin | Circuit | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | DO-A | Data Out Circuit A |
| 10 | DO-B | Data Out Circuit B |
| 11 | DO-S | Data Out Circuit Shield |
| 5 | DI-A | Data In Circuit A |
| 12 | DI-B | Data In Circuit B |
| 4 | DI-S | Data In Circuit Shield |
| 7 | CO-A | Control Out Circuit A (not used) |
| 15 | CO-B | Control Out Circuit B (not used) |
| 8 | CO-S | Control Out Circuit Shield (not used) |
| 2 | CI-A | Control In Circuit A |
| 9 | CI-B | Control In Circuit B |
| 1 | CI-S | Control In Circuit Shield |
| 6 | VC | Voltage Common |
| 13 | VP | Voltage Plus |
| 14 | VS | Voltage Shield |
| Shell | PG | Protective Ground/Case Ground |
The Ethernet ports on the EIP are standard 15-pin female AUI connectors that require an AUI or transceiver cable with a 15-pin male connector. (See Figure 5-3.) (Ethernet cables and transceiver cables are not available from Cisco Systems; these cables are available from commercial cable vendors.)
You will need an Ethernet transceiver to provide the interface between the EIP ports and the Ethernet network. Most connections require a transceiver cable between the transceiver and the EIP. (See Figure 5-8.) However, some unshielded twisted-pair (10BASE-T) transceivers are compact enough to connect directly to the EIP ports without impeding other connections.
When planning your installation and connections, be sure to consider the high density of ports on the EIP, its proximity to other interface processors, and the size of any transceivers you plan to connect directly to the ports. If possible, install the EIP in an interface processor slot between two unoccupied slots to prevent the transceivers from overlapping the ports on adjacent interface processors. Ethernet cables have either slide-type or screw-type locks.
Ethernet ports use either of two types of connector locks to secure the cable to the port and provide strain relief: slide-type locks (see Figure 5-4); screw-type locks (see Figure 5-5).
The slide-type lock is most common and is used on the EIP ports. The type of connector lock you use on the EIP depends on the type of Ethernet interface cables you use. Cables with two short posts on the cable connector need the slide-type lock shown in Figure 5-4; a bracket on the port slides (or snaps) around the posts on the cable connector to secure it.
The slide-type locks are standard on the EIP ports; however, conversion kits are included with each EIP for connections to interface equipment that using screw-type locks.
Cables with screw-type locks need EIP ports with jackscrews. The knurled thumbscrews on the Ethernet cable connectors are fitted to the jackscrews on the EIP ports and are tightened by hand. (See Figure 5-5.)
Ethernet connectors have either slide-type or jackscrew-type locks, both of which provide strain relief and secure the cable to the router port. The slide-type lock is most common, and it is standard on the EIP ports. If your Ethernet cables use thumbscrews instead of posts, you must replace the slide-type lock with jackscrews before you can connect the cables.
You need the following tools and parts to complete this replacement procedure:
The screw holes next to each EIP port are threaded, so you only need two lock washers and two jackscrews for each port. You do not need to install flat washers and hex nuts on the inside of the interface processor faceplate to secure the jackscrews. Discard the flat washers and hex nuts that are included in the kit.
If you are replacing the connector locks on an EIP that you have not yet installed in the chassis, skip this section; however, if the EIP is already installed in the interface processor slot and the Ethernet interfaces have been configured, you can avoid potential problems by administratively shutting down the interfaces and, when the replacement is complete, enabling the interface again. (For the interface shutdown procedure, refer to the section "Shutting Down an Interface" in the chapter "Using Interface Processors.")
The bracket for slide-type locks is secured to the EIP port with two small screws. You can complete this replacement procedure without removing the EIP from the chassis, but you should first shut down the interfaces you will work on.
Use the following procedure to remove slide-type locks from EIP ports:
Step 1 Make sure that you are wearing a grounding wrist strap that is attached to a captive installation screw on a power supply.
Step 2 On the first connector port to be changed, use the 1/8-inch screwdriver to loosen and remove the two small screws that secure the bracket to the connector port.
Step 3 Pull the slide-type lock bracket, shown in Figure 5-6, off the connector.
Step 4 Repeat Steps 2 and 3 for all additional ports that require jackscrews.
Step 5 Place the removed brackets and slotted screws aside; you can discard them after the jackscrews are installed, and the installation is complete.
Use the hardware provided in the replacement kit to reinstall the connector. Do not use any of the hardware you removed from the slide-type lock bracket.
Use the following procedure to install the jackscrews:
Step 1 Ensure that you have removed the slide-type lock bracket from the connector port.
Step 2 Insert a lock washer onto the shaft of a jackscrew and push it up to the head of the jackscrew.
Step 3 Insert the jackscrew into one of the threaded holes on the connector. (See Figure 5-7.) Turn the jackscrew clockwise about two full turns to thread it into the hole.
Step 4 Repeat Steps 2 and 3 for the second jackscrew and lock washer, placing the second jackscrew in the other threaded hole on the connector.
Step 5 Observe both jackscrews edge-on and turn them another half turn to ensure they are threaded properly.
Step 6 Use the 3/16-inch nut driver to tighten the jackscrews in the connector. Do not overtighten the screws; the lock washer will secure the jackscrews in place, and the thumbscrews on the cable connector, when inserted and tightened, will further tighten the jackscrews.
Step 7 Repeat Steps 1 through 6 for all additional ports that require jackscrews.
Step 8 This step applies only if you are reinstalling or replacing an EIP and you have already configured the interfaces. To bring back up any interfaces that you shut down, enter configuration mode and then enter the following commands:
interface ethernet slot/port
no shutdown
interface ethernet slot/port
no shutdown
^z
copy running-config startup-config
This completes the connector lock replacement procedure.
Figure 5-8 shows an example of a typical Ethernet AUI cable connection.
The EIP has several status LEDs on its faceplate. (See Figure 5-9.)
When on, the enabled LED indicates that the EIP is enabled for operation; however, the interface ports might not be functional or enabled. One bank of three LEDs indicates the state of each physical port. The first bank of three LEDs indicates the state of port 0, the next bank indicates the state of port 1, and so forth.
Each bank of LEDs indicates that the corresponding port is in one of three possible states:
After you connect Ethernet cables and transceivers to the EIP, observe the LED states and the console display as the router initializes. Also, observe the LED indications on your Ethernet transceivers by referring to the transceiver user documentation. After system initialization, the enabled LED goes on to indicate that the EIP has been enabled for operation.
The following conditions must be met before the EIP is enabled:
If any one of these conditions is not met, or if the initialization fails, the enabled LED does not go on.
Verify that the EIP is connected correctly as follows:
Step 1 While the system reinitializes each interface, observe the console display messages and verify that the system discovers the EIP. The system should recognize the EIP interfaces but leave them configured as down.
Step 2 When the reinitialization is complete, verify that the enabled LED on the EIP is on and remains on. If the LED does stay on, proceed to Step 5. If the enabled LED does not stay on, proceed to the next step.
Step 3 If the enabled LED on the EIP fails to go on, suspect that the EIP board connector is not fully seated in the backplane. Loosen the captive installation screws, then firmly push the top ejector down while pushing the bottom ejector up until both are parallel to the EIP faceplate. Tighten the captive installation screws. After the system reinitializes the interfaces, the enabled LED on the EIP should go on. If the enabled LED goes on, proceed to Step 5. If the enabled LED does not go on, proceed to the next step.
Step 4 If the enabled LED still fails to go on, remove the EIP and try installing it in another available interface processor slot.
Step 5 Use the show interfaces or show controllers cbus command to verify the status of the EIP interfaces. (If the EIP interfaces are not configured, you must use the procedures in the section "Configuring the EIP" to configure the interfaces; the interfaces are not available until you configure them.)
If an error message displays on the console terminal, refer to the appropriate reference publication for error message definitions. If you experience other problems that you are unable to solve, contact a service representative for assistance.
If you want to change the configuration of an existing interface, you must enter configuration mode to configure it. If you replaced an EIP that was previously configured, the system will recognize the new EIP interfaces and bring each of them up in their existing configuration.
After you verify that the new EIP is installed correctly (the enabled LED goes on), use the privileged level configure command to configure the new interfaces.
Be prepared with the information you will need, such as the following:
Refer to the appropriate software documentation for additional descriptions of the configuration options available and for additional instructions for configuring Ethernet interfaces.
Configuring the EIP first requires privileged-level access to the EXEC command interpreter. (Refer to the section "Using the EXEC Command Interpreter" in the chapter "Using Interface Processors.") Also, privileged-level access usually requires a password. (Contact your system administrator, if necessary, to obtain privileged-level access.)
In the router, physical port addresses specify the actual physical location of each interface port on the router interface processor end. The address is composed of a two-part number in the format slot number/port number. The first number identifies the slot in which the interface processor is installed. The second number identifies the physical port number on the interface processor. The ports on each interface processor are numbered sequentially beginning with the port 0.
Interface ports maintain the same address regardless of whether other interface processors are installed or removed. However, when you move an interface processor to a different slot, the first number in the address changes to reflect the new interface processor slot number.
For example, on a six-port EIP in slot 0, the address of the first port is 0/0 and that of the last port is 0/5. If you remove the EIP from slot 0 and install it in slot 2, the addresses of those same ports become 2/0 and 2/5.
Interface processor slots are numbered 0 to n, where n is the total number of interface processor slots in the router. The port numbers always begin with 0. The number of additional ports (1, 2, and so on) depends on the number of ports available on the EIP.
You can identify interface ports by physically checking the slot/port location on the back of the router or by using software commands to display information about a specific interface or all interfaces in the router. To display information about every interface, use the show interfaces command (interfaces is plural) without variables.
This section provides instructions for a basic configuration: enabling an interface and specifying IP routing on an Ethernet interface. You might also need to enter other configuration subcommands depending on the requirements for your system configuration and the protocols you plan to route on the interface. (For additional descriptions of configuration subcommands and the configuration options available for Ethernet interfaces, refer to the publications listed in the section "If You Need More Information" in the chapter "Using Interface Processors.")
In the following procedure, press the Return key after each configuration step unless otherwise noted:
Step 1 At the privileged-level prompt, enter configuration mode and specify that the console terminal will be the source of the configuration subcommands as follows:
configure terminal
Step 2 At the prompt, specify the first interface to configure by entering the subcommand interface, followed by the type (ethernet) and slot/port (interface processor slot and port number). The example that follows is for the first port on an EIP in interface processor slot 0:
interface ethernet 0/0
Step 3 If IP routing is enabled on the system, you can assign an IP address and subnet mask to the interface with the ip address configuration subcommand as in the following example:
ip address 1.1.1.7 255.255.255.0
Step 4 Add any additional configuration subcommands required to enable routing protocols and adjust the interface characteristics.
Step 5 Change the shutdown state to up and enable the interface as follows:
no shutdown
Step 6 Repeat Steps 2 through 4 for each new interface.
Step 7 When you have included all of the configuration subcommands to complete the configuration, press Ctrl-Z (hold down the Control key while you press Z) to exit configuration mode.
^Z
Step 8 Write the new configuration to memory as follows:
copy running-config startup-config
Step 9 Exit the privileged level and return to the user level by entering disable at the prompt as follows:
disable
Proceed to the next section to check the interface configuration using show commands.
The following summary describes how to use the show commands to verify that the new interfaces are configured correctly:
Step 1 Use the show version command to display the system hardware configuration. Ensure that the list includes the new Ethernet interfaces.
Step 2 Display all the current interface processors and their interfaces with the show controllers cbus command. Verify that the new EIP appears in the correct slot.
Step 3 Specify one of the new Ethernet interfaces with the show interfaces ethernet slot/port command and verify that the first line of the display specifies the interface with the correct slot number. Also verify that the interface and line protocol are in the correct state: up or down.
Step 4 Display the protocols configured for the entire system and specific interfaces with the command show protocols. If necessary, return to configuration mode to add or remove protocol routing on the system or specific interfaces.
Step 5 Display the entire system configuration file with the show configuration command. Verify that the configuration is accurate for the system and each interface.
If an interface is down and you configured it as up, or if the displays indicate that the hardware is not functioning properly, ensure that the network interface is properly connected and terminated. If you still have problems, contact a service representative for assistance.
This completes the EIP configuration procedure.
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