Table of Contents

Physical and Functional Overview

Chassis Overview

Chassis Card Cages
Chassis Backplane
Cooling
Power

Multigigabit Crossbar Switch Fabric

Switch Fabric Card Types
Switch Fabric Card Redundancy

Maintenance Bus
Gigabit Route Processor

GRP Memory Components
System Status LEDs
Soft Reset Switch
PCMCIA Slots
Asynchronous Serial Ports
Ethernet Port

Line Cards
Alarm Card

Monitoring Critical, Major, and Minor Alarm Status
Alarm Relay Contact Connection
Monitoring Alarm Card, CSC, and SFC Status

Power Subsystems

Standard AC-Input Power Subsystem
Optional AC-Input Power Subsystem
DC-Input Power Subsystem
Power Distribution

Blower Module
Air Filter
Cable-Management System

Field-Replaceable Units
Cisco 12016 Gigabit Switch Router Specifications
Agency Approvals
FCC Class A Compliance Notice (United States)
ICES-003 Class A Compliance Notice (Canada)

English Statement of Compliance
French Statement of Compliance

Europe (EU)
VCCI Class B Compliance Notice (Japan)

Product Overview

This chapter provides physical and functional overviews of the Cisco 12016 Gigabit Switch Router (GSR). It contains physical descriptions of the Cisco 12016 GSR hardware and major components, as well as functional descriptions of the hardware-related features.

This chapter includes information on the following topics:

• Physical and Functional Overview

• Field-Replaceable Units

• Cisco 12016 Gigabit Switch Router Specifications

• Agency Approvals

Physical and Functional Overview

The Cisco 12016 GSR, shown in Figure 1-1, is a 16-slot member of the Cisco 12000 series of gigabit switch routers.

The Cisco 12016 GSR delivers a raw transmission rate per slot of up to OC-48c/STM-16c (2.5 gigabits per second), and a bi-directional switching capacity of up to 80 Gbps. It uses the same Gigabit Route Processor (GRP) and supports all line cards supported by the other routers in the Cisco 12000 series.

Chassis Overview

There are two basic chassis models of the Cisco 12016 GSR:

• Five-rail 12016 chassis---the original Cisco 12016 GSR chassis, also known in this document as the 12016 chassis. Cisco 12016 GSRs with the following model numbers GSR16/80-AC, GSR16/80-AC4, GSR16/80-DC were built with the five-rail 12016 chassis.

• Eight-rail 12016 chassis---a Cisco 12016 GSR chassis which has been modified to allow it to be upgraded, at a future time, into a Cisco 12016 Terra Core Router (TCR). The 12016 chassis, also known as the 12016R chassis, includes the following modifications:

  • A modified switch fabric card cage with additional unused, card guides for non-working slots, and a cutout back panel.

  • A modified switch fabric card cage front bezel and air filter door.

  • Extended rear side panels and rear cover.

Cisco 12016 GSRs with the following model numbers GSR16/80-AC-8R, GSR16/80-AC4-8R, GSR16/80-DC-8R were built with the eight-rail 12016 chassis.

The five-rail 12016 chassis will gradually be phased out and no longer shipped during the summer of 2000.

In this manual, unless otherwise specified, Cisco 12016 GSR refers to both the five-rail 12016 chassis and the eight-rail 12016 chassis. Specific differences between the two chassis will be pointed out where necessary.

The Cisco 12016 GSR chassis is a sheet metal enclosure that consists of three integral card cages and two blower module bays. Because the Cisco 12016 GSR can be configured with either an AC-input power subsystem or a DC-input power subsystem, the power shelf for the system is a separate unit that attaches to the top of the chassis.

Chassis Card Cages

The Cisco 12016 GSR chassis has three integral card cages: the upper card cage, the lower card cage, and the switch fabric card cage. (See Figure 1-1.)

The upper card cage has eight user-configurable slots that support a combination of line cards and a GRP. The far left slot in the upper card cage is a dedicated slot for an alarm card. The far right slot (slot 7) in the upper card cage is reserved for the GRP. The remainder of the slots in the upper card cage (slots 0 through 6) can be populated with any of the line cards supported by the Cisco 12016 GSR.

The lower card cage also has eight user-configurable slots that support more line cards and an optional, redundant GRP. The lower card cage is an inverted, or head-down, copy of the upper card cage, meaning cards are installed the same way they are installed in the upper card cage, but in an inverted or head-down orientation. The far right slot in the lower card cage is dedicated to a second alarm card.

The original five-rail 12016 chassis switch fabric card cage had one non-working slot (no backplane connector) for a blank switch fabric card carrier, and five working slots for the cards that contain the switch fabric circuitry. The blank carrier balances air flow through the switch fabric card cage and helps maintain proper air flow through the chassis.

Chassis Backplane

The three card cages are tied together electrically through a passive system backplane in the back of the chassis. Nearly all of the wiring in the Cisco 12016 GSR chassis is contained within or connected to the chassis backplane. The chassis backplane distributes DC power to all of the cards and blower modules in the router and provides the physical communication pathway between cards, both for network data and system communication across the internal system maintenance bus (MBus).

Cooling

The two removable blower modules at the top and bottom of the chassis (see Figure 1-1) provide cooling air for all of the cards in the three card cages. In the power shelf, each power module contains a fan that draws cooler air into the front of the power module and forces warmed air out the back of the power shelf.

Power

The Cisco 12016 GSR can be ordered with the standard AC-input power subsystem with three AC-input power supplies, with an optional AC-input power subsystem with four AC-input power supplies, or with the DC-input power subsystem with four DC-input power entry modules. For more information on these subsystems, refer to the "Power Subsystems" section.

Caution The Cisco 12016 GSR must be operated with all of its power modules installed at all times for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

Multigigabit Crossbar Switch Fabric

The heart of the Cisco 12016 GSR is a crossbar switch fabric that provides synchronized gigabit speed connections between the line cards and the GRP. The switch fabric for the Cisco 12016 GSR consists of two clock and scheduler cards and three switch fabric cards installed in the switch fabric card cage. (See Figure 1-2.) One clock and scheduler card (CSC) and the three switch fabric cards (SFCs) are the active switch fabric; the second CSC provides redundancy for the other four cards. Each card provides a 2.5 Gbps full-duplex connection to the other cards in the switch fabric.

Switch Fabric Card Types

The Cisco 12016 GSR ships from the factory with two CSCs and three SFCs installed in the five slots in the switch fabric card cage. Clock and scheduler cards are installed in slot 0 or slot 1 (labeled CSC 0 or CSC 1); switch fabric cards are installed in slots 2, 3, and 4 (labeled SFC 0, SFC 1, or SFC 2).

The clock and scheduler card contains the following functionality:

• Switch fabric---Carries the user traffic between line cards or between the GRP and a line card. The switch fabric on the clock and scheduler card is identical to the switch fabric on the switch fabric card.

• Scheduler---Handles requests from the line cards for access to the switch fabric and determines when to allow the line cards access to the switch fabric.

• System clock---Sent to all switch fabric cards, line cards, and the GRP. The system clock synchronizes data transfers between line cards or between line cards and the GRP through the switch fabric.

The switch fabric card contains only the switch fabric circuitry, which carries user traffic between line cards or between the GRP and the line cards. The switch fabric card receives scheduling information and the system clock sent from the clock and scheduler card.

Switch Fabric Card Redundancy

The second CSC in the Cisco 12016 GSR provides data path, scheduler, and reference clock redundancy. The interfaces between the line cards and the switch fabric are monitored constantly. If the system detects a loss of synchronization (LOS), it automatically activates the data paths of the redundant CSC, and data flows across the redundant path. The switch to the redundant CSC occurs within microseconds, with little or no loss of data.

Maintenance Bus

The maintenance bus (MBus) and MBus modules in the Cisco 12016 GSR manage all of the maintenance functions of the system.

The MBus consists of two redundant buses that link all of the line cards, the GRP, the switch fabric cards, the alarm cards, the power shelf, and the blower modules. Each of these router components contains an MBus module that allows the component to communicate through the MBus.

• Power-up and power-down control---Each MBus module directly controls the DC-to-DC converters on the component where the MBus module is mounted. The MBus module responds to commands it receives from its onboard EPROM and from the master GRP. When you power up the router, all of the MBus modules power up. The MBus modules on the GRP and clock and scheduler card immediately turn on the DC-to-DC converters, powering up the respective card. The MBus module on each line card waits to power up the line card until it receives a command from the GRP.

• Device discovery---The GRP uses the MBus to determine the system configuration. The GRP sends a message through the MBus requesting all installed devices to identify themselves. Their responses include information on slot number, card, and component type.

• Code download---The GRP downloads a portion of the line card operating software over the MBus. Because communication through the MBus is slower than communication through the switch fabric, the GRP downloads only enough code to the line card for the line card to access the switch fabric and complete the download process.

• Environmental monitoring and alarms---The MBus module on each major router component (cards in the card cages, blower modules, power subsystem) monitors the environmental threshold values defined for that component, and then holds that data for communication across the MBus to the GRP.

Gigabit Route Processor

The GRP (see Figure 1-3) is the main system processor for the Cisco 12016 GSR. It processes the network routing protocols and distributes updates to the Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) tables on the line cards. The GRP also performs general maintenance functions, such as diagnostics, console support, and line card monitoring.

This section includes information on the following GRP functionality:

• GRP Memory Components

• System Status LEDs

• Soft Reset Switch

• PCMCIA Slots

• Asynchronous Serial Ports

• Ethernet Port

• IDT R5000 Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) processor for the CPU. The CPU runs at an external bus clock speed of 100 MHz and an internal clock speed of 200 MHz.

• Up to 256 megabytes (MB) of parity-protected, extended data output (EDO) dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) on two 60-nanosecond (ns), dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs); 64 MB of DRAM is the minimum shipping configuration.

• 512 kilobytes (KB) of static random-access memory (SRAM) for secondary CPU cache memory functions.

• 512 KB of nonvolatile random-access memory (NVRAM).

The Cisco IOS software images for operating the router reside in Flash memory on the GRP. The Flash memory can be either the single in-line memory module (SIMM) on the GRP or a PCMCIA Flash memory card that inserts into either of the two PCMCIA slots (slot 0 or slot 1) on the front of the GRP. (See Figure 1-4.)

GRP Memory Components

Table 1-1 lists the memory components on the GRP. Figure 1-4 shows the location of the DRAM and Flash SIMM on the GRP.

Table 1-1: GRP Memory Components

Type	Size	Quantity	Description	Location
DRAM	1281 or 256 MB	1 or 2	Main Cisco IOS software functions; 64-MB or 128-MB DIMMs (based on DRAM required).	U39 (bank 1) U42 (bank 2)
SRAM	512 KB (fixed)2		Secondary CPU cache memory functions.	---
NVRAM	512 KB (fixed)3		System configuration file.	---
Flash Memory	8 MB SIMM4	1	Cisco IOS software images and other user-defined files.	U17
	20 MB5 PCMCIA-based	Up to 2	Cisco IOS software images and other user-defined files on up to two PCMCIA-based Flash memory cards.6
Flash boot ROM	512 KB	1	Flash EPROM for the ROM monitor program boot image.

1128 MB of DRAM is the default DRAM configuration for the GRP. 2SRAM is neither user configurable nor field upgradeable. 3NVRAM is neither user configurable nor field upgradeable. 4SIMM socket is wired for Cisco's own design and does not accept industry-standard, 80-pin Flash SIMMs. 520-MB Flash memory card is the default shipping configuration for the Cisco 12000 series routers. 6Type I or Type II PCMCIA cards can be used in either PCMCIA slot.

The EDO DRAM on the GRP stores routing tables, protocols, and network accounting applications and runs the Cisco IOS software. The standard (default) GRP DRAM configuration is 64 MB of EDO DRAM, which you can upgrade to 256 MB. Table 1-2 lists the DRAM configurations and upgrades.

Table 1-2: GRP DRAM Configurations

Total DRAM	Product Numbers	DRAM Sockets	Number of DIMMs
128 MB1	MEM-GRP/LC-64(=)	U39 (bank 1) and U42 (bank 2)	2 64-MB DIMMs
128 MB	MEM-GRP/LC-128(=)	U39 (bank 1)	1 128-MB DIMM
256 MB	MEM-GRP/LC-256(=)	U39 (bank 1) and U42 (bank 2)	2 128-MB DIMMs

1128 MB is the standard (default) DRAM configuration for the GRP.

Caution To prevent memory problems, DRAM DIMMs must be 3.3-volt (V), 60-nanosecond (ns) devices. Do not attempt to install other devices in the DIMM sockets. We recommend that you use the Cisco-approved memory options listed in Table 1-2.

SRAM

SRAM provides secondary CPU cache memory. The standard GRP configuration is 512 KB. Its principle function is to act as a staging area for routing table update information going to and coming from the line cards. SRAM is not user configurable and cannot be upgraded in the field.

The system configuration, software configuration register settings, and environmental monitoring logs are contained in the 512-KB NVRAM, which is backed up with built-in lithium batteries that retain the contents for a minimum of five years. NVRAM is not user configurable and cannot be upgraded in the field.

Both the onboard and PCMCIA card-based Flash memory allow you to load and store multiple Cisco IOS software and microcode images from a remote server. You can download a new image over the network or from a local server and then add the new image to Flash memory or replace the existing files. You can then boot the router either manually or automatically from any of the stored images. Flash memory also functions as a TFTP server to allow other servers to boot remotely from stored images or to copy the images into their own Flash memory.

System Status LEDs

The GRP faceplate contains two types of system status LEDs: device or port activity indicators and alphanumeric LED displays.

The device or port activity indicators (see Figure 1-5) consist of the following functional groups:

• Two PCMCIA slot activity LEDs (labeled SLOT-0 and SLOT-1)---Each LED goes on when its corresponding PCMCIA slot is accessed.

• Four RJ-45 Ethernet port activity LEDs (labeled LINK, COLL, TX, and RX)---These LEDs are used only by the RJ-45 Ethernet connector and are disabled when the media-independent interface (MII) Ethernet port is in use. The LEDs indicate link activity (LINK), collision detection (COLL), data transmission (TX), and data reception (RX).

• Two Ethernet port selection LEDs (labeled MII and RJ-45)---When on, these LEDs identify which one of the two Ethernet connections you selected. When the RJ-45 port is selected, its LED is on and the MII LED is off. When the MII port is selected, its LED is on and the RJ-45 LED is off.

The alphanumeric LED displays (see Figure 1-6) are organized as two rows of four characters each. The content of the displays is controlled by the MBus module software. Both rows of the display are powered by the MBus module.

During the boot process, the alphanumeric message displays are controlled directly by the MBus module. After the boot process, they are controlled by the Cisco IOS software (through the MBus) and display messages designated by the Cisco IOS software.

Soft Reset Switch

The soft reset switch (see Figure 1-5) causes a nonmaskable interrupt (NMI) and places the GRP in ROM monitor mode. When the GRP enters ROM monitor mode, its behavior depends on the setting of the GRP software configuration register. (For more information on the software configuration register, refer to the "Configuring the Software Configuration Register" section of the chapter "Observing System Startup and Performing a Basic Configuration.") For example, when the boot field of the software configuration register is set to 0x0, and you press the NMI switch, the GRP remains at the ROM monitor prompt (rommon>) and waits for a user command to boot the system manually. But if the boot field is set to 0x1, the system automatically boots the first IOS image found in the onboard Flash memory SIMM on the GRP.

Caution The soft reset (NMI) switch is not a mechanism for resetting the GRP and reloading the IOS image. It is intended for software development use. To prevent system problems or loss of data, use the soft reset switch only on the advice of Cisco service personnel.

Access to the soft reset switch is through a small opening in the GRP faceplate. To press the switch, you must insert a paper clip or similar small pointed object into the opening.

PCMCIA Slots

The GRP has two PCMCIA slots. Either slot can support a Flash memory card or an input/output (I/O) device, as long as the device requires only +5.2 VDC. The GRP supports only Type I and Type II devices. It does not support +3.3 VDC PCMCIA devices. Each PCMCIA slot has a button to eject the PCMCIA card from the slot.

Asynchronous Serial Ports

The console and auxiliary ports on the GRP are asynchronous serial ports used to connect external devices to monitor and manage the system. The console port is an Electronics Industries Association/Telecommunications Industry Association (EIA/TIA)-232 receptacle (female) that provides a data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) interface for connecting a console terminal.

The auxiliary port is an EIA/TIA-232 plug (male) that provides a data terminal equipment (DTE) interface. The auxiliary port supports flow control and is often used to connect a modem, a channel service unit (CSU), or other optional equipment for Telnet management.

Ethernet Port

The GRP has one Ethernet port, which uses one of the following connection types:

• RJ-45 receptacle---An 8-pin media-dependent interface (MDI) RJ-45 receptacle for either IEEE 802.3 10BaseT (10 Mbps) or IEEE 802.3u 100BaseTX (100 Mbps) Ethernet connections.

• MII receptacle---A 40-pin media-independent interface (MII) receptacle that provides additional flexibility in Ethernet connections. The pinout of this standard 40-pin receptacle is defined by the IEEE 802.3u standard.

Line Cards

The Cisco 12016 GSR comes equipped with the number and type of Cisco 12000 series line cards that you ordered already installed. When only one GRP is installed in the router, up to fifteen Cisco 12000 series line cards can be installed in the router's upper and lower card cages to support a variety of physical network media. When the router is equipped with an optional, redundant GRP, up to fourteen Cisco 12000 series line cards can be installed in the router's upper and lower card cages.

The line cards can be installed in any of the slots of the upper and lower card cages except the following:

• Far left slot in the upper card cage (dedicated to the first alarm card)

• Far right slot in the upper card cage (dedicated to the master GRP)

• Far right slot in the lower card cage (dedicated to the second alarm card)

Line cards provide the interfaces to the router's external physical media. They communicate with the GRP and exchange packet data with each other through the switch fabric cards in the switch fabric card cage.

Caution Any unoccupied card slot in the upper or lower card cages must have a blank filler panel installed for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and to ensure proper air flow through the chassis. When the faceplate of a line card does not completely fill the card slot opening, a narrow card filler panel must be installed for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and to ensure proper air flow through the chassis.

A cable-management bracket attaches to the faceplate of each line card to manage and organize the network interface cables for connection to the individual ports on the line card. The cable-management system is described in detail in the "Cable-Management System" section, later in this chapter.

Line cards installed in the Cisco 12016 GSR support online insertion and removal (OIR), which means you can remove and replace a line card while the router remains powered up.

Alarm Card

The Cisco 12016 GSR is equipped with two alarm cards. One card occupies the dedicated far left slot of the upper card cage. A second alarm card occupies the dedicated far right slot of the lower card cage. In both card cages, the alarm card slot differs from the rest of the card cage slots in that it is labeled as an alarm card slot, is physically narrower, and has a different backplane connector.

The Cisco 12016 GSR alarm card (see Figure 1-7) has three primary functions:

• Provides a visual display of three severity levels of alarms (critical, major, and minor) detected by the system through the MBus.

• Provides a connection to a site-wide external alarm system.

• Provides visual indicators of the status of the alarm card, clock and scheduler cards, and the switch fabric cards.

Monitoring Critical, Major, and Minor Alarm Status

The alarm card faceplate is equipped with three pairs of LEDs---labeled Critical, Major, and Minor (see Figure 1-7)---that are used to identify system-level alarm conditions detected through the MBus.

The alarms can warn of an overtemperature condition on a component in one of the card cages, a blower failure in a blower module, an overcurrent condition in a power supply, or an out-of-tolerance voltage on one of the cards in one of the card cages. The LEDs are driven by MBus software, which sets the threshold levels for triggering the different stages of alarms.

The GRP continuously polls the system for temperature, voltage, current, and blower speed values. If an over-threshold value is detected, the GRP sets the appropriate alarm severity level on the alarm card, which lights one of the LED pairs and energizes the appropriate alarm card relays, activating any external audible or visual alarms wired to the alarm card. The GRP also logs a message about the threshold violation on the system console.

Alarm Relay Contact Connection

The alarm card faceplate is equipped with a 25-pin D-sub connector (see Figure 1-7) that is tied directly to the critical, major, and minor alarm relay contacts (normally open, normally closed, and common).

The external alarm can be visual or audible. Audible external alarms can be silenced by pressing the switch labeled ACO/LT (alarm cut-off/lamp test), on the alarm card faceplate. The ACO/LT switch does not affect any visual (LED) alarms set on the alarm card. The audible alarm remains activated until the alarm condition is cleared or this button is pressed. Visual alarms are reset by software.

Monitoring Alarm Card, CSC, and SFC Status

The alarm card faceplate has one pair of LEDs that provides a visual status of the alarm card, and five pairs of LEDs that provide a visual status of the two CSCs and the three SFCs in the switch fabric card cage. (See Figure 1-7.)

The LED pair representing the alarm card itself is not labeled, and consists of one green LED labeled ENABLED and one yellow LED labeled FAIL. When the green LED is on, this alarm card has been detected by the router and is functioning properly. When the yellow LED is on, the router has detected a fault in the alarm card.

Each card in the switch fabric card cage has a corresponding pair of LEDs on the alarm card faceplate. Each LED pair consists of one green LED labeled ENABLED and one yellow LED labeled FAIL. When the green LED is on, the card in the corresponding slot in the switch fabric card cage has been detected by the system and is functioning correctly. When the yellow LED is on, the router has detected a fault in the card in the corresponding slot in the switch fabric card cage.

Power Subsystems

The Cisco 12016 GSR can be ordered with the standard AC-input power subsystem with three AC-input power supplies, with the optional AC-input power subsystem with four AC-input power supplies, or with the DC-input power subsystem with four DC-input power entry modules.

Standard AC-Input Power Subsystem

The standard AC-input power subsystem consists of a single-level AC-input power shelf with bays for three AC-input power supplies. (See Figure 1-8.) A Cisco 12016 GSR, ordered with the standard AC-input power subsystem (GSR16/80-AC), ships with three AC-input power supplies (full redundant power) installed in the AC-input power shelf. In the full redundant power configuration, the three power supplies in the standard power shelf participate in an N+1 redundant current-sharing scheme in which current sharing is divided among all three power supplies. If one power supply fails, the system can continue to operate temporarily on the two remaining power supplies.

Caution A Cisco 12016 GSR equipped with the AC-input power subsystem must be operated with three AC-input power supplies installed at all times for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

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Note The Cisco 12016 GSR AC-input power supplies support online insertion and removal (OIR), so you can remove and replace one power supply in the AC-input power subsystem while the router remains powered up.

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Standard AC-Input Power Shelf

The AC-input power shelf is a modular sheet metal enclosure that attaches to the top of the Cisco 12016 GSR chassis and is secured to the chassis at both the front and back of the power shelf. A captive jackscrew under the power shelf extends from the front panel of the power shelf to the back panel. The jackscrew is threaded to fit an insert on the chassis power interface panel. If it becomes necessary to remove the power shelf from the chassis, you use the captive jackscrew to unseat the connectors on the back panel of the power shelf from the connectors on the chassis power interface panel, and to reseat the power shelf in the connectors when you reinstall the power shelf.

The back of the AC-input power shelf (see Figure 1-9) has three AC power cord receptacles, one for each power supply bay. Each AC-input power cord receptacle represents one of the power module bays and is connected by an AC power cord to a dedicated AC power source. Electrical connections between the power shelf and the chassis backplane are made through two connectors located on the back panel of the power shelf (not shown).

AC-Input Power Supply

The AC-input power supply (see Figure 1-10) is a modular unit that slides in and out of the power shelf and is secured in place by an ejector lever and spring clip on the power supply faceplate.

• A handle to grip when removing and replacing the power supply.

• An ejector lever and spring clip at the bottom right corner of the faceplate to secure the power supply in the power shelf.

• A fan that draws cooler air in the front of the power supply and forces warmed air out the back of the power shelf.

• Four LEDs on the power supply faceplate:

  • PWR OK: This green LED is on any time the power supply is connected to source AC and the source AC voltage is within the operational range of 200 to 240 VAC. If the LED remains off, the source voltage is not present or is not within the acceptable operational range.

  • FAULT: This yellow LED is on when a fault has been detected within the power supply.

  • TEMP: This yellow LED is on any time the power supply is in an overtemperature condition.

  • ILIM: This yellow LED is on any time the power supply is operating in a current limit condition.

For more information on how to interpret the meaning of the power supply LEDs, refer to the section "Troubleshooting the Power Subsystem" section in the chapter "Troubleshooting the Installation," later in this guide.

Optional AC-Input Power Subsystem

The optional AC-input power subsystem consists of a double-level AC-input power shelf with bays for four AC-input power supplies. (See Figure 1-11.) The optional AC-input poser subsystem uses the same AC-input power supplies as the standard AC-input power subsystem (see the section, "AC-Input Power Supply"), but ships with four AC-input power supplies (full redundant power) installed in the double-level AC-input power shelf. In the full redundant power configuration, the four power supplies in the optional power shelf participate in an N+2 redundant current-sharing scheme in which current sharing is divided among all four power supplies. If two power supplies fail, the system can continue to operate temporarily, depending on your system's configuration, on the remaining two power supplies. Failed supplies should be replaced as soon as possible to ensure full redundancy.

Caution A Cisco 12016 GSR equipped with the optional AC-input power subsystem must be operated with four AC-input power supplies installed at all times for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

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Note A Cisco 12016 equipped with the optional AC-input power subsystem stands 77.5 inches tall. It will not fit in a standard 7-foot rack.

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The optional AC-input power shelf is a modular sheet metal enclosure that attaches to the top of the Cisco 12016 GSR chassis and is secured to the chassis in exactly the same way as the standard AC-input power shelf.

The back of the optional AC-input power shelf (see Figure 1-12) has four AC power cord receptacles, one for each power supply bay. Each AC-input power cord receptacle represents one of the power module bays and is connected by an AC power cord to a dedicated AC power source. Electrical connections between the power shelf and the chassis backplane are made through two connectors located on the back panel of the power shelf (not shown).

DC-Input Power Subsystem

The DC-input power subsystem consists of a DC-input power shelf with bays for four DC-input power entry modules. (See Figure 1-13.) A Cisco 12016 GSR ordered with the DC-input power subsystem ships with four DC-input power entry modules (full redundant power) installed in the DC-input power shelf. In the full redundant power configuration, modules A1 and B1 provide redundant power for system load zone 1 (the upper blower module and the upper card cage). Modules A2 and B2 provide redundant power for system load zone 2 (the switch fabric card cage, the lower card cage, and the lower blower module).

Caution A Cisco 12016 GSR configured for source DC operation must be operated with four DC-input power entry modules installed at all times for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

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Note The DC-input power entry modules support online insertion and removal (OIR), so if your Cisco 12016 GSR is operating with four DC-input power entry modules, you can remove and replace one power entry module in each load zone (A1 or B1; A2 or B2) while the system remains powered up.

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DC-Input Power Shelf

The DC-input power shelf is a modular sheet metal enclosure that attaches to the top of the Cisco 12016 GSR chassis and is secured to the chassis at both the front and back of the power shelf. A captive jackscrew under the power shelf extends from the front panel of the power shelf to the back panel. The jackscrew is threaded to fit an insert on the chassis power interface panel. If it becomes necessary to remove the power shelf from the chassis, you use the captive jackscrew to unseat the connectors on the back panel of the power shelf from the connectors on the chassis power interface panel, and to reseat the power shelf in the connectors when you reinstall the power shelf. Two captive screws on each of the power shelf front flanges fasten the power shelf to the rack-mounting flanges on each side of the Cisco 12016 GSR chassis. Guide pins on the power interface panel insert into holes on the back panel of the power shelf to provide support for the back of the power shelf and ensure correct insertion alignment between the connectors on the back panel of the power shelf and the connectors on the chassis power interface panel.

The power shelf and its power modules are partially hidden by the chassis front cover shared between the top blower module and the power shelf.

The back of the DC-input power shelf has nine pairs of threaded M6 DC-input terminal studs. (See Figure 1-14.) The far right pair (looking at the power shelf back panel with the power cable cover removed) is for attaching the protective earth ground connection, as indicated by the earth symbol (IEC417, Number 5019). The remaining eight pairs represent the power module bays in the power shelf (two pairs for each power module bay). Two central office power cable leads (positive and negative) attach to each power module bay (A1, A2, B2, and B1). One terminal stud pair receives the central office source DC return (positive) cable lead; the second pair receives the central office source DC (negative) cable lead.

The DC-input power entry module (see Figure 1-15) is a modular unit that slides in and out of the power shelf and is secured by a captive screw and ejector lever on the power entry module faceplate.

The DC-input power entry module operates from a nominal source DC voltage of -48 to -60 VDC and requires a dedicated 60A service. It has the following faceplate features:

• A handle to grip when removing and replacing the power entry module.

• A circuit breaker switch.

• An ejector lever and captive screw at the bottom, right corner of the faceplate to seat and hold the power entry module in the power shelf.

• An air intake opening in the front of the power entry module, so the internal fan can pull cooler air into the front of the power entry module and force warmed air out the back.

• Three LEDs:

  • PWR OK: When the power entry module is seated in the power shelf with the ejector lever in its closed position and the power shelf is connected to source DC, the green LED goes on immediately. The green LED remains on as long as the source DC voltage is within the nominal operational range of -48 to -54 VDC.

  • FAULT: This yellow LED is on when a fault has been detected within the power entry module, or when the power entry module has been installed in a running system and the power entry module circuit breaker has not yet been switched on.

  • TEMP: This yellow LED is on any time the power entry module is in an overtemperature condition.

Power Distribution

The chassis backplane distributes power to all cards in the upper, switch fabric, and lower card cages. The two blower modules also receive power from the chassis backplane through separate shielded wiring harnesses and connectors. (See Figure 1-16.)

When the router is equipped with the AC-input subsystem, the AC-input power supplies in the power shelf convert a nominal AC source of 220 VAC into -48 VDC. When the router is equipped with the DC-input subsystem, the DC-input power entry modules pass along a nominal DC source of -54 VDC.

The DC voltage from the power shelf is transferred to the chassis backplane by redundant -48 VDC power bus bars. The -48 VDC from the backplane feeds DC-to-DC converters on each card. The MBus module on each card controls the DC-to-DC converters. When directed by the GRP or by MBus software, the MBus module turns on the DC-to-DC converters, which convert the -48 VDC into the voltages required by the card.

Blower Module

The Cisco 12016 GSR has two blower modules to distribute air within the chassis. One blower module is located above the upper card cage; the second is located below the lower card cage. (See Figure 1-1.) The two blower modules maintain acceptable operating temperatures for the internal components by drawing cooling air through a replaceable air filter into the switch fabric card cage, and then through the upper and lower card cages.

The upper and lower blower modules are identical, so they are interchangeable. The blower module is a sheet metal enclosure containing three blowers, a blower controller card, a handle, and two faceplate LEDs. (See Figure 1-17.) Both blower modules have snap-on plastic front covers mounted over the blower module faceplates. The two blower module LEDs are visible through the front covers. The handle on the blower module provides a grip when removing and replacing the blower module.

The blower modules draw room air in through an air filter on the front of the switch fabric card cage. (See Figure 1-18.) The upper blower module draws the air into the switch fabric card cage, up through the upper card cage, and then forces it out through vents on the back of the chassis. The lower blower module draws the air into the switch fabric card cage, down through the lower card cage, and then forces it out through vents on the back of the chassis.

Caution The front and back of the Cisco 12016 GSR must remain unobstructed to ensure adequate air flow and prevent overheating inside the card cages. We recommend at least 6.0 inches (15.24 cm) of clearance.

A blower module controller card monitors and controls the operation of the three variable-speed fans in the blower module. The variable-speed feature results in quieter operation by allowing the blower modules to operate at less than maximum speed when doing so provides adequate cooling to maintain an acceptable operating temperature inside the card cages.

Two temperature sensors on each line card monitor the internal air temperature in the card cages. When the ambient air temperature is within normal operating range, the fans operate at their lowest speed, which is 55 percent of the maximum speed. If the air temperature inside the card cages rises, fan speed increases to provide additional cooling air to the internal components. If the internal air temperatures continue to rise beyond the specified threshold, the system environmental monitor shuts down all internal power to prevent equipment damage from excessive heat.

If the system detects that one of the three fans within a blower module has failed, it displays a warning message on the console screen. In addition, the two remaining fans go to full speed to compensate for the loss of the one fan. If another fan fails, the system shut downs to prevent equipment damage.

The two LEDs (one green LED labeled OK and one red LED labeled FAIL) on each blower module are visible through the blower module front cover. These LEDs provide a visual indicator of blower module status. When on, the green LED indicates that all three fans are operating normally. The red LED should remain off during normal operation. If the red LED is on, the system has detected a fan failure or other fault in the blower module. The fault can be any of the following:

Air Filter

The Cisco 12016 GSR is equipped with a serviceable air filter mounted in a swing-down air filter door that covers the switch fabric card cage. (See Figure 1-2.)

Caution Do not run the router without an air filter installed.

You should inspect and clean the air filter once a month (more often in dusty environments). Procedures for vacuuming and replacing the air filter are contained in the "Cleaning and Replacing the Air Filter" section in the chapter "Maintaining Your Cisco 12016 GSR."

Cable-Management System

The Cisco 12016 GSR uses a cable-management system to organize the network interface cables entering and exiting the chassis, keep them free of sharp bends (excessive bending in a fiber-optic cable can cause performance degradation) and out of the way. The Cisco 12016 GSR cable-management system (see Figure 1-19) consists of the following components:

• Two vertical cable-management troughs on the chassis

• Two horizontal cable-management trays on the chassis

• A line card cable-management bracket on each line card

The vertical cable-management troughs (see Figure 1-20) attach to the sides of the chassis after it has been installed in an equipment rack. The troughs run the length of the chassis from the upper horizontal cable-management tray to the lower cable-management tray. Cables entering and exiting the chassis can be enclosed in either the left or right trough and routed up to the upper horizontal cable-management tray or down to the lower horizontal cable-management tray.

One horizontal cable-management tray is directly above the upper card cage; the second tray is directly below the lower card cage. Network interface cables for line cards in the upper card cage are led across the upper tray, and then down through openings in the bottom of that tray to the individual line cards. Network interface cables for line cards in the lower card cage are led across the lower tray, and then up through openings in the top of that tray to the individual line cards.

A line card cable-management bracket attaches to each line card with captive screws. (See Figure 1-21.) Clips on the bracket hold the network interface cables in place, keep the cables organized relative to their assigned connectors, and manage the bend radius of each cable as it enters the connector on the line card.

On line cards with multiple ports, the line card cable-management bracket keeps the network interface cables organized when you remove and replace the line card. You can unplug the network interface cables from their connector on the line card and leave the cables clipped in the line card cable-management bracket while you remove the bracket from the line card. That way, when you replace the line card, the network interface cables are already aligned with the correct line card connectors.

There are different types of line card cable-management brackets for different line cards. (See Figure 1-22.) For more information about the cable-management bracket for a specific line card, refer to the line card installation and configuration note that accompanied the line card. You can also access Cisco IOS software documentation and hardware installation and maintenance documentation on the World Wide Web at http://www.cisco.com, http://www-china.cisco.com, or http://www-europe.cisco.com.

Field-Replaceable Units

All of the major components of the Cisco 12016 GSR are field-replaceable units (FRUs), including the following:

• Blower modules

• Power shelf (standard or optional AC-input or DC-input)

• Power modules (AC-input or DC-input)

• GRP

• Line cards

• Clock and scheduler cards

• Switch fabric cards

• Alarm cards

• Line card cable management kit

• Chassis air filter

• Chassis front covers

• Chassis

With the exception of the chassis itself, all of the FRUs listed above are accessible from the front of the chassis. Chapter 7, "Maintaining Your Cisco 12016 GSR," and configuration notes that ship with the FRU contain instructions for removing and replacing FRUs. For information on ordering FRUs, contact your Cisco customer service representative.

Cisco 12016 Gigabit Switch Router Specifications

This section lists the Cisco 12016 GSR specifications in four tables:

• For physical specifications, see Table 1-4, below.

• For electrical specifications for systems equipped with the standard (3 supplies) AC-input power subsystem or the optional (4 supplies) AC-input power subsystem, see Table 1-5.

• For electrical specifications for systems equipped with the DC-input power subsystem, see Table 1-6.

• For a list of the environmental categories for which the Cisco 12016 GSR was tested and the resulting values, see Table 1-7.

Agency Approvals

In addition to complying with the Network Equipment-Building System (NEBS) Criteria Level 3 requirements defined in SR-3580, the Cisco 12016 GSR meets the regulatory compliance and safety approval requirements listed in Table 1-8.

FCC Class A Compliance Notice (United States)

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to correct the interference at their own expense.

You can determine whether your equipment is causing interference by turning it off. If the interference stops, it was probably caused by the Cisco equipment or one of its peripheral devices. If the equipment causes interference to radio or television reception, try to correct the interference by using one or more of the following measures:

• Turn the television or radio antenna until the interference stops.

• Move the equipment to one side or the other of the television or radio.

• Move the equipment farther away from the television or radio.

• Plug the equipment into an outlet that is on a different circuit from the television or radio. (That is, make certain the equipment and the television or radio are on circuits controlled by different circuit breakers or fuses.)

Modifications to this product not authorized by Cisco Systems, Inc. could void the FCC approval and negate your authority to operate the product.

ICES-003 Class A Compliance Notice (Canada)

English Statement of Compliance

This class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

French Statement of Compliance

Cet appareil numerique de la classe A est conforme a la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

Europe (EU)

This Apparatus complies with EN55022 Class B and EN50082-2 standard requirements in Europe.

VCCI Class B Compliance Notice (Japan)

This is a class B product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference from Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this is used near a radio or television receiver in a domestic environment, it may cause radio interference. Install and use the equipment according to the instruction manual.

Posted: Mon Jun 5 13:45:09 PDT 2000
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