|
|
Product Numbers: 40C12/ATM-IR-SC(=), 4OC12/ATM-MM-SC(=)
This publication contains instructions for installing and configuring the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) line cards on a Cisco 12000 series Gigabit Switch Router. This card provides four OC-12c/STM-4c ATM ports and is based on the Cisco enhanced-line-card architecture, also known as the performance engine.
The following sections are included in this configuration note:
This section contains important information about additional documentation, Cisco IOS software configuration, safety, and technical support. This section also describes important operating considerations for your line card.
The Cisco Documentation CD-ROM package provides comprehensive documentation on the entire Cisco product line. The CD-ROM package contains documents in both Adobe portable document format (PDF), viewable with Adobe Acrobat Reader, and hypertext markup language (HTML) files, viewable with a Web browser.
The Documentation CD-ROM, a member of the Cisco Connection Family, is updated monthly; therefore, it might be more up-to-date than printed documentation. To order additional copies of the Documentation CD-ROM, contact your local sales representative or call customer service. The CD-ROM package is available as a single package or as an annual subscription.
For hardware installation and maintenance information on the Cisco 12000 series routers, refer to the installation and configuration guide that shipped with your Cisco 12000 series router.
Also refer to the field-replaceable unit (FRU) publications that describe how to install, maintain, and replace router subsystems, such as cooling fans, power supplies, chassis backplanes, and so on.
The Cisco IOS software that runs on your router contains extensive features and functionality.
For Cisco IOS software configuration information and support, refer to the configuration and command reference publications in the Cisco IOS software configuration documentation set that corresponds to the Cisco IOS software release installed on your Cisco hardware. You can also refer to the Cisco IOS software release notes for the version of Cisco IOS software you are using on your router.
Cisco Connection Online (CCO) is Cisco Systems' primary, real-time support channel. Refer to "Cisco Connection Online," at the end of this publication, for complete information on how to obtain support through CCO.
You can also contact Cisco Customer Service at 800 553-6387 or 408 526-7208 (U.S.). Customer Service hours are 5:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Pacific time, Monday through Friday (excluding company holidays). You can also send e-mail to cs-rep@cisco.com.
You may also find useful information in the Cisco Information Packet that shipped with your router.
Before you begin the procedures in this publication, review the safety guidelines in this section to avoid injuring yourself or damaging the equipment.
For information on regulatory compliance and safety, refer to the Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information publication that shipped with your device. This publication contains important safety information that you must read and understand before attempting to install, remove, or modify any hardware in your Cisco 12000 series router.
Safety warnings appear throughout this publication in procedures that, if performed incorrectly, may harm you. A warning symbol precedes each warning statement. The following paragraph is an example of a safety warning. It identifies the warning symbol and associates it with a bodily injury hazard. The remaining paragraphs in this section are translations of the initial safety warning.
 | Warning This warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could cause bodily injury. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents. To see translations of the warnings that appear in this publication, refer to the Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information document that accompanied this device. |
Waarschuwing Dit waarschuwingssymbool betekent gevaar. U verkeert in een situatie die lichamelijk letsel kan veroorzaken. Voordat u aan enige apparatuur gaat werken, dient u zich bewust te zijn van de bij elektrische schakelingen betrokken risico's en dient u op de hoogte te zijn van standaard maatregelen om ongelukken te voorkomen. Voor vertalingen van de waarschuwingen die in deze publicatie verschijnen, kunt u het document Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Informatie over naleving van veiligheids- en andere voorschriften) raadplegen dat bij dit toestel is ingesloten.
Varoitus Tämä varoitusmerkki merkitsee vaaraa. Olet tilanteessa, joka voi johtaa ruumiinvammaan. Ennen kuin työskentelet minkään laitteiston parissa, ota selvää sähkökytkentöihin liittyvistä vaaroista ja tavanomaisista onnettomuuksien ehkäisykeinoista. Tässä julkaisussa esiintyvien varoitusten käännökset löydät laitteen mukana olevasta Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information -kirjasesta (määräysten noudattaminen ja tietoa turvallisuudesta).
Attention Ce symbole d'avertissement indique un danger. Vous vous trouvez dans une situation pouvant causer des blessures ou des dommages corporels. Avant de travailler sur un équipement, soyez conscient des dangers ATMés par les circuits électriques et familiarisez-vous avec les procédures couramment utilisées pour éviter les accidents. Pour prendre connaissance des traductions d'avertissements figurant dans cette publication, consultez le document Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Conformité aux règlements et consignes de sécurité) qui accompagne cet appareil.
Warnung Dieses Warnsymbol bedeutet Gefahr. Sie befinden sich in einer Situation, die zu einer Körperverletzung führen könnte. Bevor Sie mit der Arbeit an irgendeinem Gerät beginnen, seien Sie sich der mit elektrischen Stromkreisen verbundenen Gefahren und der Standardpraktiken zur Vermeidung von Unfällen bewußt. Übersetzungen der in dieser Veröffentlichung enthaltenen Warnhinweise finden Sie im Dokument Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Informationen zu behördlichen Vorschriften und Sicherheit), das zusammen mit diesem Gerät geliefert wurde.
Avvertenza Questo simbolo di avvertenza indica un pericolo. La situazione potrebbe causare infortuni alle persone. Prima di lavorare su qualsiasi apparecchiatura, occorre conoscere i pericoli relativi ai circuiti elettrici ed essere al corrente delle pratiche standard per la prevenzione di incidenti. La traduzione delle avvertenze riportate in questa pubblicazione si trova nel documento Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Conformità alle norme e informazioni sulla sicurezza) che accompagna questo disATMitivo.
Advarsel Dette varselsymbolet betyr fare. Du befinner deg i en situasjon som kan føre til personskade. Før du utfører arbeid på utstyr, må du vare oppmerksom på de faremomentene som elektriske kretser innebærer, samt gjøre deg kjent med vanlig praksis når det gjelder å unngå ulykker. Hvis du vil se oversettelser av de advarslene som finnes i denne publikasjonen, kan du se i dokumentet Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Overholdelse av forskrifter og sikkerhetsinformasjon) som ble levert med denne enheten.
Aviso Este símbolo de aviso indica perigo. Encontra-se numa situação que lhe poderá causar danos físicos. Antes de começar a trabalhar com qualquer equipamento, familiarize-se com os perigos relacionados com circuitos eléctricos, e com quaisquer práticas comuns que ATMsam prevenir ATMsíveis acidentes. Para ver as traduções dos avisos que constam desta publicação, consulte o documento Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Informação de Segurança e DisATMições Reguladoras) que acompanha este disATMitivo.
¡Advertencia! Este símbolo de aviso significa peligro. Existe riesgo para su integridad física. Antes de manipular cualquier equipo, considerar los riesgos que entraña la corriente eléctrica y familiarizarse con los procedimientos estándar de prevención de accidentes. Para ver una traducción de las advertencias que aparecen en esta publicación, consultar el documento titulado Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Información sobre seguridad y conformidad con las disATMiciones reglamentarias) que se acompaña con este disATMitivo.
Varning! Denna varningssymbol signalerar fara. Du befinner dig i en situation som kan leda till personskada. Innan du utför arbete på någon utrustning måste du vara medveten om farorna med elkretsar och känna till vanligt förfarande för att förebygga skador. Se förklaringar av de varningar som förkommer i denna publikation i dokumentet Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Efterrättelse av föreskrifter och säkerhetsinformation), vilket medföljer denna anordning.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage, which can occur when electronic cards or components are improperly handled, results in complete or intermittent failures. The Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card consists of a printed circuit card that is fixed in a metal carrier. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and connectors are integral components of the carrier. Although the metal carrier helps to protect the board from ESD, use a preventive ESD strap whenever you are handling a line card.
Following are guidelines for preventing ESD damage:
 | Caution For safety, periodically check the resistance value of the ESD strap. The measurement should be between 1 and 10 megohms (Mohm). |
The Cisco 12000 series Gigabit Switch Routers provide high-speed, high-volume routing of packets and ATM cells. The Cisco 12000 series includes the following platforms, all sharing a similar architecture:
The GSR architecture offers the following features and capabilities in providing support to IP-based local-area networks (LANs) and wide-area networks (WANs):
In addition, the system allows for redundant, field-replaceable units (FRUs).
The Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card provides the Cisco 12000 series product line with four 622-Mbps ATM interfaces. The card interfaces to the Cisco 12000 product line's switch fabric and provides four OC-12c/STM-4c SC connectors for duplex single-mode or multimode SONET/SDH connections. Figure 1 illustrates both the front and rear views the single-mode and multimode line cards. There are four ports, numbered 0 to 3, on each line card. Each port has it's own set of Status LEDs. Each SONET connection is concatenated, which provides for increased efficiency by eliminating the need to partition the bandwidth.
The Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card features include:
ATM Layer Features:
ATM Traffic Management:
Performance:
Features not supported on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card:
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) uses cell-switching and multiplexing technology that combines the benefits of circuit switching (constant transmission delay and guaranteed capacity) with those of packet switching (flexibility and efficiency for intermittent traffic).
ATM is a connection-oriented environment. All traffic to or from an ATM network is prefaced with a virtual path identifier (VPI) and virtual channel identifier (VCI). A VPI/VCI pair is considered a single virtual circuit. Each virtual circuit is a private connection to another node on the ATM network. Each virtual circuit is treated as a point-to-point mechanism to another router or host and is capable of supporting bidirectional traffic.
Each ATM node is required to establish a separate connection to every other node in the ATM network that it must communicate with. All such connections are established using a permanent virtual circuit (PVC) or a switched virtual circuit (SVC) set up and torn down with ATM signaling mechanisms. This ATM SVC signaling is based on the ATM Forum specifications.
Each virtual circuit is considered a complete and separate link to a destination node. Users can encapsulate data as they see fit across the connection. The ATM network disregards the contents of the data. The only requirement is that data be sent to the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card in the specific ATM adaptation layer (AAL) format.
An AAL defines the conversion of user information into cells. The AAL segments upper-layer information into cells at the transmitter and reassembles them at the receiver. AAL3/4 and AAL5 support data communications.
An ATM connection transfers raw bits of information to a destination router or host. The ATM router takes the common part convergence sublayer (CPCS) frame, carves it up into 53-byte cells, and sends these cells to the destination router or host for reassembly. Forty-eight bytes of each cell are used for the CPCS data; the remaining 5 bytes are used for cell routing. The 5-byte cell header contains the destination VPI/VCI, payload type, cell loss priority (CLP), and header error control.
ATM requires certain features to provide a LAN environment to the users. One such feature is broadcast capability. Protocols that broadcast packets to all stations in a subnet must be allowed to do so with a single call to Layer 2. In order to support broadcasting, the router allows the user to specify a particular virtual circuit as a broadcast virtual circuit. When the protocol passes a packet with a broadcast address to the ATM driver, the packet is duplicated and sent to each virtual circuit marked as a broadcast virtual circuit. This method is known as pseudobroadcasting.
Figure 2 shows a high-level block diagram of the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card.
This line card is based on the Cisco performance engine and is functionally split into two main sections:
Each line card has the following main components:
The optical interface and framer sections provide the following functions:
The single-mode optical transceiver provides a full-duplex, 622-Mbps, 1300-nm laser-based SONET/SDH compliant interface. With a power rating of -15 to -8 dBm (transmission) and -28 to -8 dBm (receiving), the single-mode transceiver operates at a distance of up to 15 km. The actual distance in any given case depends on the quality of the fiber attached to the transceivers. The single-mode interface meets both IEC 825 and CDRH Class I safety standards.
The multimode optical transceiver provides a full-duplex, 622-Mbps, 1300-nm LED-based SONET/SDH compliant interface. With a power rating of -20 to -14 dBm (transmission) and -26 to -14 dBm (receiving), the multimode transceiver operates at distances of up to 500 meters. The actual distance in any given case depends on the quality of the fiber attached to the transceivers.
The SARs partition (segment) packets into cells and reassemble, at the destination, these cells back into packets. Segmentation and reassembly take place at the lower sublayer of the AAL, which is therefore called the SAR sublayer. At the source end the SAR inserts the data from the information packets into cells. It then adds any necessary header and/or trailer bits and padding to the data to create 48-byte payloads that are passed to the ATM layer. In this case, the cells are AAL5 SAR format.
The packet bridges to ATM (PBAs) are application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) that provide the interface between the physical layer interface module and the performance engine.
The packet switch manager consists of the logic and memory that supports the layer-3 switching operation. The packet switch manager examines the packets received from the packet receive interface and determines whether the packet can be routed by means of the fast-path function. The characteristics examined include IPv4 protocol, known MAC encapsulation format, no IP options, and correct IP checksum.
If a packet is a candidate for fast-path routing, the packet switch manager performs a lookup operation that is based upon the destination address. The result of the lookup operation contains necessary information to make the fast-path layer-3 routing decision in hardware. Those packets that can be switched with the fast-path operation are queued in the receive buffer manager and sent directly to the destination line card.
If the packet switch manager cannot use fast-path routing to route the packet, the packet is queued in the receive buffer manager and sent to the local line card processor to be examined, processed, and switched.
The fast-path route tables consist of two physically separate but logically linked memory-based data structures: the pointer lookup (PLU) and table lookup (TLU) memories. These lookup tables hold the information that the packet switch manager logic uses to make the fast-path routing decision. The line card processor software maintains table content.
The PLU and TLU lookup table memories are each configured with 64 MB of single error correct /double error detect (SECDED) error correction code (ECC) protected memory.
The receive buffer manager consists of logic and memory that supports buffer management. Each packet received by the line card is written to a buffer in the receive buffer memory. Buffers contain complete packets; there is no scatter-gather mechanism.
In order to optimize receive buffer memory utilization, the memory is partitioned into groups of buffers of varying length. When packets are received, queue manager hardware selects a best-fit buffer for storing the packet.
The buffers are maintained on queues that are supported by queuing hardware. The queues include the following:
The receive buffer memory is configured with 128 or 256 MB of SECDED ECC protected memory.
The transmit buffer manager consists logic and memory that supports transmit buffer manager functions. Each cell received from the switch fabric is written to a buffer in the SDRAM transmit buffer memory as it is reassembled into a full packet prior to transmission.
As with the receive buffer memory, the transmit buffer memory is partitioned into groups of buffers of varying length. The transmit buffer lengths must match the lengths used by the receive buffer memory. This requirement ensures that the best-fit decision made when the packet was received from the interface can be re-used when the packet is received from the fabric.
The buffers are maintained on queues which are supported by queuing hardware and include the following:
The transmit buffer memory is configured with 128 or 256 MB of SECDED ECC protected memory.
The line card processor, using the slow-path route table, performs the routing function on any packets unable to be directly processed in hardware by the packet switch manager, the receive buffer manager, or the transmit buffer manager. The tasks involved in this operation are as follows:
The line card processor is also responsible for general board initialization and maintenance functions:
The line card processor uses the slow-path route table to perform the routing operation on any packets not processed by the packet switch manager. The slow-path route tables are stored in the line card processor memory. The line card processor memory is configured with 64 to 256 MB of parity protected memory.
The line card processor memory also contains the local program image and data structures for the line card processor.
The switch fabric interface accepts data from the receive buffer manager and transmits it to the appropriate destination line cards. The fabric interface makes requests to the central backplane switch fabric scheduler for access to line cards for which it has transmit data. When the central switch fabric scheduler grants access, the fabric interface transmits the granted data to the switch fabric.
Data is transmitted to the switch fabric in the form of 64-byte cells that contain header, CRC error detection/correction, and data.
Incoming cells are received by the fabric interface and passed to the transmit buffer manager, where they are reassembled into full packets, and queued for transmission on the appropriate output interface. The destination is known by this time, so there is no need for a transmit packet switch manager.
The line card communicates with the GRP through the maintenance bus (MBus) Interface. The MBus interface provides a redundant MBus controller area network (CAN) communications interface for access to the GRP via a simple message-passing mailbox protocol.
The MBus interface is multi-master. This means the line card can send unsolicited messages to the GRP as well as receive unsolicited messages from the GRP.
An MBus module on the line card responds to requests from the master MBus module located on the GRP. The line card MBus module can report temperature and voltage information to the master MBus module. In addition, the MBus module on the line card contains the ID-EEPROM, which stores the serial number, hardware revision level, and other information about the card.
Each line card maintains CEF tables. These tables, derived from routing tables maintained by the GRP, are used by the line card processor to make forwarding decisions. Large networks may require more DRAM to support large CEF tables. For information on adding memory to a line card, see the document Cisco 12000 Series Gigabit Switch Router Memory Replacement Instructions.
This section provides information to help you prepare to install and configure a Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card. The following sections describe prerequisites and preparation information:
We recommend that you do the following before beginning any of the procedures in this document:
You need the following tools and parts to remove and replace a line card. If you need additional equipment, contact a customer service representative for ordering information.
The Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card is compatible with any Cisco 12000 series router that is operating with the following system software: Cisco IOS Release 12.0(13)S or later releases of 12.0S IOS software.
The show version, show diag, and show hardware commands display the current hardware configuration of the router, including the system software version that is currently loaded and running. For complete descriptions of show commands, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide and Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference publications, which are available on the Documentation CD-ROM or as printed copies.
In the following example of the show version command, the running system software, Release 12.0, is displayed in italics.
Router> show version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) GS Software (GSR-P-M), Experimental Version 12.0(19990924:215547) [ste] Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 17-July-00 17:41 by bobsmith Image text-base: 0x60010908, data-base: 0x60F9A000
(remainder of displayed text omitted from example)
The show diag command displays the slot locations and types of line cards installed. In the following example, there is a Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card installed in slot 6. The CLI output, bolded here for emphasis, indicates that this is a multi-mode line card:
Router> show diag
SLOT 0 (RP/LC 0 ): Route Processor
MAIN: type 19, 800-2427-01 rev B0 dev 6358076
HW config: 0xFF SW key: FF-FF-FF
PCA: 73-2170-03 rev B0 ver 3
HW version 1.4 S/N CAB0151009G
MBUS: MBUS Agent (1) 73-2146-06 rev A0 dev 0
HW version 1.1 S/N CAB0146019H
Test hist: 0xFF RMA#: FF-FF-FF RMA hist: 0xFF
DIAG: Test count: 0xFFFFFFFF Test results: 0xFFFFFFFF
MBUS Agent Software version 01.40 (RAM) (ROM version is 01.33)
Using CAN Bus A
ROM Monitor version 180
Primary clock is CSC 1
Board is analyzed
Board State is IOS Running (PRI RP )
Insertion time: 00:00:09 (2w5d ago)
...
SLOT 6 (RP/LC 6 ): 4 port ATM Over SONET OC12c/STM-4c Multi Mode
MAIN: type 51, 800-4189-01 rev 73 dev 0
HW config: 0x01 SW key: FF-FF-FF
PCA: 73-3471-02 rev 81 ver 1
HW version 1.1 S/N
MBUS: Unknown (65535) 65535-16777215-255 rev V7 dev 16777215
HW version 255.255 S/N
Test hist: 0xFF RMA#: FF-FF-FF RMA hist: 0xFF
DIAG: Test count: 0xFFFFFFFF Test results: 0xFFFFFFFF
MBUS Agent Software version 01.40 (RAM) (ROM version is 02.00)
Using CAN Bus A
ROM Monitor version 10.00
Fabric Downloader version used 03.01 (ROM version is 13.01)
Primary clock is CSC 1
Board is disabled analyzed idbs-rem
Board State is Line Card Enabled (IOS RUN )
Insertion time: 5d23h (1w6d ago)
DRAM size: 67108864 bytes
FrFab SDRAM size: 134217728 bytes, SDRAM pagesize: 8192 bytes
ToFab SDRAM size: 33554432 bytes, SDRAM pagesize: 8192 bytes
(remainder of displayed text omitted from example)
If the displays indicate that the running system software is a version earlier than Release 12.0(13)S, check the contents of Flash memory to determine if the required images are available on your system. The show flash command displays a list of all files stored in Flash memory. If you do not have the correct software version, contact Cisco customer service.
To ensure compatibility with the software, your Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card should have a hardware revision level of 800-05606-02-A0, 73-3984-05-A0 for single mode and 800-05669-02-A0, 73-3983-05-A0 for multimode. The hardware revision number is printed on a label affixed to the face of the card.
The maximum distance for single mode installations is determined by the amount of light loss in the fiber path. Good quality single-mode fiber with very few splices can carry an OC-12c/STM-4c signal 15 km or more, and good quality multimode fiber can carry the signal up to 500 meters.
If your environment requires the signal to travel close to the typical maximum distance (as listed in Table 1), you should use an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to measure the power loss.
| Transceiver | Power Budget | Transmit Power | Receive Power | Typical Maximum Distance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Single mode | 12 dB | -15 to -8 dBm1 at 1270 to 1380 nm2 | -28 to -8 dBm | 9.3 miles (15 km) |
Multimode | 6 dB | -20 to -14 dBm at 1270 to 1380 nm | -26 to -14 dBm | 1640.4 feet (500 m) |
| 1dBm = decibels per milliwatt 2nm = nanometer |
The Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card is available with the memory options described in Table 2 and Table 3. Refer to the publication Cisco 12000 Series Gigabit Switch Router Memory Replacement Instructions for installation procedures if you are upgrading or replacing line card memory.
| Product Option | Description |
|---|---|
MEM-DFT-GRP/LC-64 | 64 MB (default) |
MEM-GRP/LC-128 | 128 MB (orderable upgrade) |
MEM-GRP/LC-256 | 256 MB (orderable upgrade) |
| Product Option | Description |
|---|---|
MEM-DFT-PKT | 256 MB (default) |
MEM-PKT-512-UPG | 512 MB (orderable upgrade) |
This section describes the line card slot locations in the following Cisco 12000 series routers:
Before installing your line card into the router, verify that a line card slot is available.
Figure 3 shows the location of the line card slots in the Cisco 12016 GSR. The Cisco 12016 GSR chassis has three integral card cages: the upper card cage, the lower card cage, and the switch fabric card cage. You can install line cards in the upper or lower card cage.
The upper card cage has eight user-configurable slots that support the following types of cards in the quantities indicated:
The lower card cage in the Cisco 12016 GSR has eight user-configurable slots, numbered 8 through 15, that support the following types of cards in the quantities indicated:
Figure 4 shows the location of the line card slots in the Cisco 12012 GSR. The Cisco 12012 GSR upper card cage contains 12 slots that accommodate the following types of cards in the quantities indicated:
Figure 5 shows the location of the line card slots in the Cisco 12008 GSR. The Cisco 12008 GSR upper card cage contains ten slots that accommodate the following types of cards in the quantities indicated:
The Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line cards have SC-type fiber optic interface connectors. Use a multimode or single-mode fiber optic interface cable, as appropriate, to connect the fiber optic interfaces in the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card in your Cisco 12000 series router to another router or switch. In general, multimode cables are gray or orange, and single-mode cables are yellow.
You can use either one duplex SC-type connector (see Figure 6) or two simplex SC-type connectors (see Figure 7).
Attach either one duplex fiber cable or two simplex fiber cables between the line card and the device to which the line card is connected. Observe the receive (Rx) and transmit (Tx) cable relationship shown in Figure 8.
 | Warning
Because invisible radiation may be emitted from the aperture of the port when no fiber cable is connected, avoid exposure to radiation and do not stare into open apertures. |
The cable-management system in the Cisco 12000 series router organizes the interface cables entering and exiting the system, keeping them out of the way and free of sharp bends. Excessive bending in an interface cable can degrade performance and possibly harm the cable.
The cable-management system consists of two separate components:
The Cisco 12016 has a cable-management tray for the upper card cage that is positioned above the upper line card slots, and a cable-management tray for the lower card cage that is positioned below the lower line card slots. In addition, there are vertical cable troughs on either side of the card cages that keep the cables organized and secured.
Figure 9 shows a generic cable-management tray and cable-management bracket mounted on a Cisco 12012 GSR.
The cable-management tray on the Cisco 12008 GSR is similar in form and function to the cable-management tray on the Cisco 12012 GSR.
Figure 10 shows the various cable-management brackets used in with the Cisco 12000 Series GSRs.
 | Caution Do not use the cable-management bracket as a handle to pull out or push in the line card. The cable-management bracket is designed to hold the interface cables and may break if you use the bracket to push, pull, or carry the line card after it is removed from the GSR. |
This section describes the procedures for installing or replacing a Cisco 12000 series line card. The following sections describe how to remove and replace a line card.
| Caution To avoid erroneous failure messages, remove or insert only one line card at a time. Also, after inserting or removing a line card, allow at least 15 seconds before removing or inserting another line card, so that the system can reinitialize and note the current configuration of all interfaces. |
| Caution Never attempt to adjust, loosen, modify, or remove the line-card guide pins or the backplane guides on a Cisco 12000 Series GSR. |
| Caution Never force a line card into the Cisco 12000 Series GSR card cage. |
You can remove and replace line cards while the system is operating; you do not need to notify the software or reset the system power. This functionality allows you to add, remove, or replace line cards with the system online, which provides a method that is seamless to end users on the network, maintains all routing information, and ensures session preservation.
After you reinstall a line card, the system automatically downloads the necessary software from the GRP. After that, the system brings online only those interfaces that match the current configuration and that were previously configured as up. You must configure all others with the configure command. (For Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card configuration information, refer to the section "Configuring the Interface on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM Line Card" later in this document.)
| Caution The system can indicate a hardware failure if you do not follow proper procedures. Remove or insert only one line card at a time. Allow at least 15 seconds for the system to complete the preceding tasks before removing or inserting another line card. |
Each line card has two ejector levers that allow you to release the card from its backplane connector when you are removing the line card, and to firmly seat the line card in its backplane connector when you are installing the line card. The ejector levers align and seat the card connectors in the backplane.
When you remove a line card, always use the ejector levers to ensure that the card connector pins disconnect from the backplane in the logical sequence expected by the system. Any card that is only partially connected to the backplane can halt the system.
Similarly, when you install a line card, always use the ejector levers to ensure that the card is correctly aligned with the backplane connector, the card connector pins make contact with the backplane in the correct order, and the card is fully seated in the backplane. A card that is only partially seated in the backplane will cause the system to hang and subsequently crash.
To remove line card interface cables, use Figure 11 as a reference and perform the following steps:
Step 1 Attach an ESD wrist strap to your wrist and to the ESD connection socket on the chassis or to a bare metal surface on the chassis or frame.
Step 2 Disconnect and remove the line card interface cables and line card cable-management bracket (see Figure 11):
(a) Disconnect the interface cable connectors from the line card interface ports.
(b) Use a 3/16-inch flat-blade screwdriver to loosen the captive installation screws at the ends of the line card cable-management bracket.
(c) Detach the line card cable-management bracket from the line card and move it aside.
If you are replacing a failed line card, remove the existing card first, then install the new line card in the same slot (see Figure 12). Line cards support online insertion and removal (OIR), meaning you can remove and replace line cards while the system remains powered up.
To remove a line card, use Figure 12 as a reference and perform the following steps:
Step 1 Use a 3/16-inch flat-blade screwdriver to loosen the captive screw at each end of the line card faceplate. (See Figure 12a.)
| Caution When you remove a line card, always use the ejector levers to ensure that the card connector pins disconnect from the backplane in the logical sequence expected by the system. Any card that is only partially connected to the backplane can halt the system. |
Step 2 Simultaneously pivot the ejector levers away from each other to release the line card from the backplane connector. (See Figure 12b.)
Step 3 Grasp the ejector levers and pull the line card halfway out of the slot.
Step 4 Grasp the line card faceplate with one hand and pull the line card straight out of the slot, keeping your other hand under the line card to guide it. (See Figure 12c.) Avoid touching the line card printed circuit board, components, or any connector pins.
Step 5 Place the removed line card on an antistatic mat or foam pad, or place it in an antistatic bag if you plan to return it to the factory.
Step 6 If the line card slot is to remain empty, install a line card blank (Cisco product number MAS-GSR-BLANK) to keep dust out of the chassis and to maintain proper air flow through the line card compartment. Secure the line card blank to the chassis by tightening its captive screws.
A line card slides into any available line card slot and connects directly to the backplane.
If you install a new line card, you must first remove the line card blank from the available slot. Refer to the procedures in the section "Removing a Line Card," earlier in this document.
| Caution The system can indicate a hardware failure if you do not follow proper procedures. Remove or insert only one line card at a time. Allow at least 15 seconds for the system to complete the preceding tasks before removing or inserting another line card. |
| Caution Never force a line card into the card cage. If you experience unusual resistance when the line card is approximately 1/2 inch away from being seated, just before the ejector levers have engaged, stop and make sure the card is aligned correctly. If the card is correctly aligned in the card-cage card guides and you still experience unusual resistance, contact your Cisco service representative for assistance. |
Use the following procedure to install a line card:
Step 1 Ensure that a console terminal is connected to the GRP console port and that the console is turned on.
Step 2 Attach an ESD wrist strap to your wrist and to the ESD connection socket on the chassis or to a bare metal surface on the chassis or frame.
Step 3 Choose an available line card slot for the line card, and verify that the line card's interface cable is long enough for you to connect the line card with any external equipment.
| Caution To prevent ESD damage, handle line cards by the card carrier edges only. |
Step 4 Grasp the faceplate of the line card with one hand and place your other hand under the card carrier to support the weight of the card; position the card for insertion into the card cage slot. Avoid touching the line card printed circuit board, components, or any connector pins.
Step 5 Making sure you've aligned the line card with the card cage card guides, carefully slide the line card into the card cage slot, using only nominal force with your forefinger and thumb at the top and bottom of the card.
| Warning If there is any resistance when the line card is approximately 1/2-inch away from seating, before the ejector levers have engaged, that cannot be overcome with the same insertion force being applied with thumb or forefinger, stop. This resistance may indicate a misalignment of the line card and backplane connectors. Increasing the insertion force and forcing the card to seat can damage the power connector and cause a short circuit |
Step 6 Continue sliding the line card with nominal force, using your forefinger and thumb, until the ejector levers make contact with the edges of the card cage, then stop. Make sure the ejector lever hooks catch the lip of the card cage. (See Figure 13.)
| Caution When you install a line card, always use the ejector levers to ensure that the card is correctly aligned with the backplane connector, the card connector pins make contact with the backplane in the correct order, and that the card is fully seated in the backplane. A card that is only partially seated in the backplane will cause the system to hang and subsequently crash. |
Step 7 Simultaneously pivot both ejector levers toward each other until they are perpendicular to the line card faceplate. This action firmly seats the card in the backplane.
Step 8 Use a 3/16-inch flat-blade screwdriver to tighten the captive screw on each end of the line card faceplate to ensure proper EMI shielding and to prevent the line card from becoming partially dislodged from the backplane. (These screws must be tightened to meet EMI specifications.)
| Caution To ensure adequate space for additional line cards, always tighten the captive installation screws on each newly installed line card before you insert any additional line cards. These screws also prevent accidental removal and provide proper grounding and EMI shielding for the system. |
Step 9 Reinstall the line card cable-management bracket (see Figure 11, earlier):
(a) Unhook the line card cable-management bracket from the chassis cable-management tray or bracket.
(b) Position the line card cable-management bracket over the front of the line card faceplate.
(c) Insert and tighten the captive screw at each end of the line card cable-management bracket to secure the bracket to the line card.
Step 10 Plug the interface cable connectors into their original ports on the line card faceplate.
This section contains the following procedures:
In the following procedure, we assume that you have installed a new line card in the router. You must also install a line card cable-management bracket on the line card.
To install a line card cable-management bracket on a line card, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Attach an ESD wrist strap to your wrist and to the ESD connection socket on the chassis or to a bare metal surface on the chassis or frame.
Step 2 Attach the line card cable-management bracket to the line card as follows:
(a) Position the line card cable-management bracket over the front of the line card faceplate.
(b) Insert and tighten the captive screw at each end of the line card cable-management bracket to secure the bracket to the line card.
Step 3 Starting with the bottom port on the line card, connect each interface cable to the intended port. (See Figure 14a.)
Step 4 Carefully press the interface cable into the cable clip on the end of the cable standoff. (See in Figure 14b.) Avoid any kinks or sharp bends in cable.
Step 5 Proceeding upward, carefully press the interface cable into the cable-routing clips along the base of the line card cable-management bracket. (See Figure 14c.)
Step 6 Repeat Step 3 through Step 5 for all of the interface cables on the line card ports.
To remove the interface cables from a line card cable-management bracket and to remove the cable-management bracket from a line card, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Attach an ESD wrist strap to your wrist and to the ESD connection socket on the chassis or to a bare metal surface on the chassis or frame.
Step 2 On a piece of paper, note the current interface cable connections to the ports on each line card.
Step 3 Starting with the interface cable for the bottom port on the line card (for cards with multiple ports), disconnect the cable from the line card port. (See Figure 15a.)
Step 4 Proceeding upward, remove the interface cable from the cable clip on the end of the cable standoff. (See Figure 15b.)
Step 5 Remove the interface cable from the cable-routing clips along the base of the line card cable-management bracket. (See Figure 15c.)
Repeat Step 3 through Step 5 for any other interface cables on the line card ports, then proceed to Step 6.
Step 6 Loosen the captive installation screw at each end of the line card cable-management bracket and remove the bracket from the line card.
After you have installed the line card and connected the interface cables, verify that the line card is working properly by checking the LEDs on the faceplate of the line card. Each Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card provides the following types of LEDs (see Figure 1) for monitoring the operating status of the line card:
During a typical line card boot process, the following events occur:
To verify that the line card is working properly, perform the following operational checks:
There are two, four-digit alphanumeric LED displays at one end of the faceplate, near the ejector lever. These LEDs display messages telling you the state of the card. In general, the LEDs do not turn on until the GRP has discovered and powered up the card. It is normal for a message displayed as part of a sequence or process to appear too briefly for it to be read.
As it boots, the line card displays a sequence of messages that is similar to that shown in Table 4.
| LED Display1 | Meaning | Source |
|---|---|---|
MROM | The MBus microcode begins to execute; nnnn is the microcode version number. For example, microcode version 1.17 would display as 0117.2 This display might not be visible because it occurs for only a brief time. | MBus controller |
MEM | Memory on the line card is being tested. | Line card ROM monitor |
LROM | Low memory test has been completed. | Line card ROM monitor |
BSS | Main memory is being initialized. | Line card ROM monitor |
RST | The contents of the reset reason register are being saved. | Line card ROM monitor |
IO | Reset I/O register is being accessed. | Line card ROM monitor |
EXPT | Interrupt handlers are being initialized. | Line card ROM monitor |
TLB | TLB is being initialized. | Line card ROM monitor |
CACH | CPU data and instruction cache is being initialized. | Line card ROM monitor |
MEM | The size of main memory on the line card is being discovered. | Line card ROM monitor |
LROM | The ROM is ready for the download attempt. | Line card ROM monitor |
ROMI | The ROM image is being loaded into line card memory. | GRP IOS software |
FABL | The line card is waiting for the loading of the fabric downloader.3 | GRP IOS software |
FABL | The fabric downloader is being loaded into line card memory. | GRP IOS software |
FABL | The fabric downloader is being launched. | GRP IOS software |
FABL | The fabric downloader has been launched and is running. | GRP IOS software |
IOS | The Cisco IOS software is being downloaded into line card memory. | GRP IOS software |
IOS | The Cisco IOS software is being launched. | GRP IOS software |
IOS | The Cisco IOS software is running. | GRP IOS software |
IOS | The line card is enabled and ready for use. | GRP IOS software |
| 1The LED sequence shown in Table 4 might occur too quickly for you to view; therefore, this sequence is provided in this tabular form as a baseline for how the line cards should function at startup. 2The version of MBus microcode running on your system might be different. 3The fabric downloader loads the Cisco IOS software image onto the line card. |
Table 5 lists other messages displayed on the line card alphanumeric LED display.
| LED Display | Meaning | Source |
|---|---|---|
MRAM | The MBus microcode begins to execute; nnnn is the microcode version number. For example, microcode version 1.17 would display as 0117. This display might not be visible because it occurs for only a brief time. | MBus controller |
MAL | Card malfunction | GRP |
PWR | Card not powered | GRP |
PWR | Card powered | GRP |
IN | In reset | GRP |
RSET | Reset complete | GRP |
MBUS | MBus agent downloading | GRP |
MBUS | MBus agent download complete | GRP |
ROMI | Getting ROM images | GRP |
ROMI | Acquisition of ROM image complete | GRP |
MSTR | Waiting for mastership determination | GRP |
CLOK | Waiting for slot clock configuration | GRP |
CLOK | Slot clock configuration done | GRP |
FABL | Loading fabric downloader complete | GRP |
FABI | Waiting for fabric initialization to complete | GRP |
IOS | Downloading of Cisco IOS software is complete | GRP |
BMA | Cisco IOS software BMA error | GRP |
FIA | Cisco IOS fabric interface ASIC configuration error | GRP |
CARV | Buffer carving failure | GRP |
DUMP | Line card requesting a core dump | GRP |
DUMP | Line card dumping core | GRP |
DUMP | Line card core dump complete | GRP |
DIAG | Diagnostic mode | GRP |
FDAG | Downloading field diagnostics | GRP |
FDAG | Launching field diagnostics | GRP |
ATMT | Launching power-on self-test (ATMT) | GRP |
UNKN | Unknown state | GRP |
Next to each port on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card are three green LEDs: ACTIVE, CARRIER, and RX CELLS. These LEDs signal the status of the port, as explained in Table 6.
| LED State | Explanation | ||
| ACTIVE | CARRIER | RECEIVE CELLS | |
Off | Off | Off | Card off or port is admin down |
On | Off | Off | Line protocol not up |
On | On | Off | Line up and protocol up, but not receiving traffic |
On | On | On | Line up, protocol up, and receiving traffic |
The RX CELLS LED flashes when the line card receives data.
The status LEDs on the line card might not go on until you have configured the line card interfaces (or turned them ON, if they were shut down). In order to verify correct operation of each interface, complete the configuration procedures for the line card (see "Configuring the Interface on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM Line Card" later in this publication).
If the ACTIVE LED near the port on the line card does not come on, verify the following conditions:
To verify that the line card is connected correctly, perform the following procedure:
Step 1 While the system reinitializes each interface, observe the console display messages and verify that the system discovers the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card. If all of the following conditions are true, the system should recognize the interface, but leave the interface configured as down:
Step 2 When the reinitialization is complete, verify that the ACTIVE LED on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card is on and remains on. If the LED does stay on, proceed to Step 5. If the ACTIVE LED does not stay on, proceed to the next step.
Step 3 If the ACTIVE LED on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card fails to go on, determine whether the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card board connector is fully seated in the backplane. Loosen the captive installation screws, and firmly push the ejector levers toward each other until both are parallel to the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card faceplate. Tighten the captive installation screws.
After the system reinitializes the interfaces, the ACTIVE LED on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card should go on. If the ACTIVE LED goes on, go to Step 5. If the Active LED does not go on, go to the next step.
Step 4 If the ACTIVE LED still fails to go on, remove the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card and try installing the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card in another available line card slot.
Step 5 Use the show interfaces command to verify the status of the interface. (If the interface is not configured, you must use the procedures in the section "Configuring the Interface on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM Line Card.")
If an error message displays on the console terminal, refer to the appropriate reference publication for error message definitions. If you experience other problems that you are unable to solve, contact a service representative for assistance.
For more information on troubleshooting and diagnostics, consult the installation and configuration guide that came with your Cisco 12000 series router.
The Cisco IOS software running the Cisco GSR 12000 series routers system contains extensive features and functionality. The effective use of many of these features is easier if you have more information at hand. The "Observing System Startup and Performing and Performing a Basic Configuration" section of the Installation and Configuration manual that was shipped with your router contains a "If You Need More Configuration Information" section that has an extensive list of the documentation for Cisco IOS software.
Cisco GSR 12000 series routers run Service Provider trains of IOS software that are identified as either 11.2(x)GS or 12.0(x)S, where x equals a specific release number such as 12 in 12.0(13)S. On the Cisco Documentation CDROM or on CCO, the Cisco IOS Software Configuration documentation is organized according to IOS release, Cisco IOS Release 11.2, Cisco IOS Release 11.3, and Cisco IOS Release 12.0, and so on. Many of the commands and features of a standard IOS release, such as 12.0(x) without any S suffix, apply to the GSR 12000 series routers, and you can use the general IOS documentation for information for configuring your network and basic GSR features. The GSR features that are new or particular to the Service Provider IOS trains, 11.2(x)GS or 12.0(x)S, are documented in Product Specific Release Notes and Feature Guides, as well as in the Installation and Configuration notes that are specific to line cards or modules.
For Release 12.0(x)S, the GSR Product Specific Release Notes can be found at:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/relnote/12000ser/index.htm
Some Release Notes and Feature Guides are published only on the Cisco CDROM or on CCO.
This section provides procedures for configuring an Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card. After configuring this card, you should configure the ATM switch to which the card will connect. To configure your ATM switch, refer to the user documentation for your ATM switch.
On power up, the interface on a new Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card is shut down. To enable the interface, you must enter the no shutdown command in configuration mode. When the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card is enabled (taken out of shutdown) with no additional arguments, the default interface configuration file parameters are used. These default parameters are listed in Table 7.
| Parameter | Configuration Command | Default Value |
|---|---|---|
Maximum transmission unit (mtu) | [no] mtu bytes | 4470 bytes |
Maximum numbers of virtual circuits | atm maxvc | 2048 |
Cisco Discovery Protocol (cdp) | [no] cdp enable | cdp enable |
Loopback | [no] loopback [diagnostic | line] | loopback line |
After you verify that the new Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card is installed correctly (the ACTIVE LED goes on and all cables are correctly connected), you can use the configure command to configure the new ATM interface. Be prepared with the information you will need, such as the interface IP address.
Configuring the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card requires that you have privileged-level access to the EXEC command interpreter. Privileged-level access usually requires a password. (Contact your system administrator, if necessary, to obtain privileged-level access.)
The Cisco 12000 series routers identify an interface address by its line card slot number and port number in the format slot/port. The physical ports on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card are numbered 0 to 3. For example, the slot/port address of the second ATM interface (port 1, see Figure 1) on an Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card installed in line card slot 10 would be 10/1.
Use the following procedure to configure the interface:
Step 1 Confirm that the system recognizes the card by entering the show version command:
Router# show version
For an example of output from the show version command, see the section "Using Show Commands to Check System Status," later in this document.
Step 2 Check the status of each port by entering the show interface command:
Router# show interface
For an example of output from the show interface command, see the section "Using Show Commands to Check System Status."
Step 3 Enter configuration mode and specify that the console terminal will be the source of the configuration subcommands:
Router# configure terminal
Step 4 Enable IP routing by entering the ip routing command:
Router(config)# ip routing
Step 5 At the prompt, specify the new ATM interface to configure by entering the interface command, followed by the type (atm) and slot/port (interface processor slot number/port number). The four ports are numbered 0 to 3. The example that follows is for an Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card in chassis slot 10:
Router(config)# interface atm 10/0
Step 6 If necessary, configure the ATM line transmit clock source:
Router(config-if)# atm clock internal
The clock source can be either line or internal. As a default, the ATM interface uses the transmit clock signal from the remote connection (the line). The switch or ATM network provides the clocking.
To cause the ATM interface to generate the transmit clock internally, use the atm clock internal interface configuration command. The no form of this command (no atm clock internal) restores the default value.
Step 7 Assign an IP address and subnet mask to the interface with the ip address configuration subcommand, as in the following example:
Router(config-if)# ip address 1.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
Step 8 Change the shutdown state to up and enable the ATM interface:
Router(config-if)# no shutdown
The no shutdown command passes an enable command to the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card, which then begins segmentation and reassembly (SAR) operations. It also causes the line card to configure itself based on the previous configuration commands sent.
Step 9 Add any additional configuration subcommands required to enable routing protocols and adjust the interface characteristics.
Step 10 When you have included all of the configuration subcommands to complete the configuration, enter ^Z (hold down the Control key while you press Z) to exit configuration mode.
Step 11 Write the new configuration to memory:
Router# copy running-config startup-config
The system will display an OK message when the configuration has been stored.
After you have completed your configuration, you can check it using show commands. For an explanation of show commands, refer to the section "Using Show Commands to Check the Configuration."
Because output buffering on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card is shared across ports, Cisco recommends on multi-port cards that you configure weighted random early detection (WRED). A correctly applied WRED configuration will ensure that no single port uses all of the output buffering for one or more of the output buffer pools.
For detailed information and configuration examples, refer to the document "Weighted Random Early Detection on the Cisco 12000 Series Routers" which can be found on CCO or on the Cisco CD-ROM.
On CCO, the WRED document is found with other Cisco 12000 Series Router release notes and feature modules at:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios112/ios112p/gsr/index.htm
A virtual circuit is a point-to-point connection between a remote host, such as an ATM switch, and the GSR. A virtual circuit is established for each ATM end node with which the GSR communicates. Virtual circuits can be either permanent virtual circuits (PVCs), which are set up and torn down by operator configuration, or switched virtual circuits, which are set up and torn down by standard ATM signalling protocols. This section describes only the configuration of ATM PVCs.
Each permanent virtual circuit (PVC) configured into the router remains active until the circuit is removed from the configuration at either the GSR or the ATM switch to which it is connected. All virtual circuit characteristics apply to PVCs. Each PVC also requires a permanent connection to the ATM switch.
When a PVC is configured, all the configuration options are passed on to the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card. These PVCs are writable into the nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) as part of the configuration and are used when the Cisco IOS image is reloaded.
To configure a PVC, you must complete the following tasks:
The IOS ATM PVC commands for the GSR were enhanced in IOS Release 12.0(x)S. These enhanced ATM VC commands were developed to:
The enhanced ATM VC commands were first introduced to IOS in 11.3(2)T and complete documentation for them can be found at:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios113ed/113t/113t_2/pvcmgmt/index.htm
The ATM VC configuration commands used on the GSR prior to release 12.0(x)S are still available. However, you are encouraged to use the new command syntax introduced in this subfeature for easier configuration and access to improved functionality.
When you create a PVC on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card with the new 12.0(x)S ATM VC CLI commands, you enter the VC configuration sub-mode by using the PCV command:
Router(config-if)# pvc [name] vpi/vci [ilmi | qsaal]
Where
The VC configuration sub-mode allows you to:
To remove an ATM PVC, use the no form of this command.
Router(config-if)# pvc [name] vpi/vci [ilmi | qsaal]Once you specify a name for a PVC, you can reenter the interface-ATM-VC configuration mode by simply entering pvc name. You can remove a PVC and any associated parameters by entering no pvc name or no pvc vpi/vci.
Because of the way VPI/VCI address compression is performed on Quad OC-12c/sTM-4c ATM line card, the more virtual circuits configured per virtual path (vc-per-vp), the less VPI bits that are actually significant. Configured VPI addresses must be unique for the given number of significant bits. This restriction limits the VPIs that you may configure on an interface.
Table 8 illustrates the relationship of vc-per-vp and the number of unique VPI bits you can use for assigning VPIs. The first column, lists the vc-per-vp options; the second column lists the number of unique VPI bits for that vc-per-vp selection; the third column lists the number of VPIs that you can configure with that restriction on the VPI bits.
| vc-per-vp | Unique VPI bits | Number of VPIs |
|---|---|---|
2048 | All bits | 1 |
1024 | 1 | 2 |
512 | 2 | 4 |
256 | 3 | 8 |
128 | 4 | 16 |
64 | 5 | 32 |
32 | 6 | 64 |
16 | 7 | 128 |
If you try to configure a VPI that conflicts with an already configured VPI, the CLI will provide feedback indicating that there is a conflict. The feedback will also list the available VPIs that can be used.
For example, if you have configured vc-per-vp of 1024 (as shown in the following example), you have 1 significant bit, and you are limited to configuring 2 VPIs. If you have already configured a PVC with a VPI of 0, and now try to configure another PVC with a VPI of 10, you will get a message similar to:
Router (config-if)# atm vc-per-vp 1024 Router (config-if)# pvc austin 10/111 You must choose a new VPI in the range 0-255 when masked with 0x01 is unique among existing VPIs (new VPI=10 conflicts with VPI=0). For example you may choose: 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 101 103 105 107 109 111 113 115 117 119 121 123 125 127 129 131 133 135 137 139 141 143 145 147 149 151 153 155 157 159 161 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 179 181 183 185 187 189 191 193 195 197 199 201 203 205 207 209 211 213 215 217 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243 245 247 249 251 253 255
In this example, because VPI 0 has previously been configured on this interface, and with 1 unique least significant bit, you cannot configure any other VPI that also has a least significant bit of 0. Notice that the feedback provides you with a list of all VPIs in the range of 0 to 255 that do not have a least significant bit of 0. That's why they are all odd numbers.
Working with these restricted VPI values can be complicated. So Table 9 lists some suggested VPI values for each vc-per-vp setting that are compatible with given configurations of vc-per-vp. For instance, if you configure 512 vc-per-vp's, you are able to configure 4 VPIs, and you could use VPIs 0 to 3. (Table 8 indicated that for a vc-per-vp of 512, you are restricted to two unique VPI bits, and 4 VPIs.) Remember VPIs 0 to 3 are not the only VPIs that can be configured with 512 vc-per-vps, but they are some suggested VPIs that are unique with two least significant bits in the total VPI range.
| vc-per-vp | Suggested VPI values to use |
|---|---|
2048 | Any single value |
1024 (default) | 0 or 1 (1) |
512 | 0 to 3 |
256 | 0 to 7 |
128 | 0 to 15 |
64 | 0 to 31 |
31 | 0 to 63 |
16 | 0 to 127 |
To configure the ATM adaptation layer (AAL) and encapsulation type for an ATM PVC or VC class on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card, use the encapsulation command in the appropriate command mode. Use the no form of this command to remove an encapsulation from a PVC or VC class.
Router(config-if-atm-vc)# encapsulation aal-encap Router(config-if-atm-vc)# no encapsulation aal-encap
Where aal-encap is the ATM adaptation layer (AAL) and encapsulation type. The aal-encap options are:
The global default encapsulation is aal5snap.
Use of one of the aal5mux encapsulation options to dedicate the specified PVC to a single protocol; use the aal5snap encapsulation option to multiplex two or more protocols over the same PVC. Whether you select aal5mux or aal5snap encapsulation might depend on practical considerations, such as the type of network and the pricing offered by the network. If the network's pricing depends on the number of PVCs set up, aal5snap might be the appropriate choice. If pricing depends on the number of bytes transmitted, aal5mux might be the appropriate choice because it has slightly less overhead.
If the encapsulation command is not explicitly configured on an ATM PVC, the VC inherits the following default configuration (listed in order of next highest precedence):
The ATM interface supports a static mapping scheme that identifies the network address of remote hosts or routers. This section describes how to map a PVC to an address, which is a required task for configuring an ATM PVC.
Use the protocol command in the appropriate command mode to do one or more of the following:
Use the no form of this command to remove a static map or disable Inverse ARP.
Router(config-if-atm-vc)# protocol protocol {protocol-address | inarp} [[no] broadcast]Where
Inverse ARP is enabled for IP and IPX if the protocol is running on the interface and no static map
If the protocol command is not explicitly configured on an ATM PVC or SVC, the VC inherits the following default configuration (listed in order of next highest precedence):
A VC class is a set of preconfigured VC parameters that you configure and apply to a particular VC or ATM interface. You may apply a VC class to an ATM main interface, subinterface, PVC or SVC. For example, you can create a VC class that contains VC parameter configurations that you will apply to a particular PVC or SVC. You might create another VC class that contains VC parameter configurations that you will apply to all VCs configured on a particular ATM main interface or subinterface.
To create and use a VC class, complete the following tasks:
To create a VC class for an ATM PVC, SVC, or ATM interface and enter vc-class configuration mode, use the vc-class atm global configuration command. Use the no form of this command to remove a VC class.
Router(config)# vc-class atm nameWhere name is the name you give to a VC class.
You can configure the following commands, and their associated parameters, in a VC class:
If an SVC command (for example, the idle-timeout or oam-svc command) is applied on a PVC, the command is ignored. This is also true if a PVC command is applied to an SVC.
The following example creates a VC class named pvc-qos:
Router(config)# vc-class atm pvc-qos
To assign a VC class to an ATM main interface, subinterface, PVC, or SVC, use the class command in the appropriate command mode. Use the no form of this command to remove a VC class.
Router(config-if)# class vc-class-nameWhere vc-class-name is the name of an already configured VC class you are assigning to your ATM main interface, subinterface, PVC, or SVC.
Use this command to assign a previously defined set of parameters (that is, a VC class) to an ATM main interface, subinterface, PVC, or SVC.
The following example assigns a VC class named atm-ubr to a PVC named router5. This VC class may contain UBR settings that were configured using the ubr command.
Router(config-if)# pvc router5 1/32 Router(config-if-atm-vc)# class atm-ubr
With the enhanced ATM VC commands in IOS 12.0(x)S, you configure ATM SVCs in similar manner to the way you configured ATM PVCs. You configure an SVC by performing the following tasks:
For detailed information about the configuring SVCs, refer to the section "Configure SVCs" in the online (CCO and Cisco CDROM only) "New VC Configuration" at:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios113ed/113t/113t_2/pvcmgmt/vcconfig.htm
This section introduces some of the more common SONET and ATM commands and documents new commands or parameters that have been developed specifically for the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM Line Card. The Cisco IOS Release 12.0 command reference publications provide more detailed explanations of the common commands.
You can change the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card default configuration values to match your network environment. Perform the tasks in the following sections if you need to customize the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card configuration:
For more information about these and other configuration commands and options, refer to the section "Important Information."
The Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card's interface is referred to as atm in the configuration commands. An interface is created for each Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card found in the system at reset time. For the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card, this command accepts a port number from 0 to 3.
To select a specific Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card interface, use the interface atm slot/port command:
Router(config)# interface atm slot/port
In STM-4 mode, the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card sends idle cells for cell-rate decoupling. In OC-12c mode, the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card sends unassigned cells for cell-rate decoupling. The default atm sonet setting is OC-12c. To configure for STM-4, use the following command:
Router(config-if)# atm sonet stm-4
To return to OC-12c, use the no atm sonet stm-4 command.
The Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card will maintain a count of certain errors. In addition to keeping a count of these errors, the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card will also take a snapshot of the last VCI/VPI that caused an error. Each Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card error counter is 32 bits.
Errors include the following:
Two types of show commands are available for checking system status:
You can use the following ATM show commands to display the current state of the ATM network and the connected virtual circuits:
Router# show atm vc [vcd]
Router# show atm interface atm
Router# show atm traffic
Router# show atm map
Router#show interface atm 6/0
ATM10/3 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is SE622 OC-12c ATM, address is 005d.dc9a.af43 (bia 005d.dc9a.af43)
Internet address is 10.10.10.10/24
MTU 4470 bytes, sub MTU 4470, BW 622000 Kbit, DLY 80 usec, rely 255/255, load5
Encapsulation ATM, loopback not set
Keepalive not supported
Encapsulation(s): AAL5, PVC mode
512 maximum active VCs, 2 current VCCs
VC idle disconnect time: 300 seconds
Signalling vc = 10, vpi = 255, vci = 15
UNI Version = 3.0, Link Side = user
Last input never, output never, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
177 packets output, 10809 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
Router# show atm vc
VCD / Peak Avg/Min Burst
Interface Name VPI VCI Type Encaps Kbps Kbps Cells Sts
6/0 pubs 10 100 PVC ILMI 0 INAC
6/1.10 100 0 100 PVC MUX 622000 622000 UP
6/1.11 110 0 110 PVC SNAP 622000 622000 UP
6/1.12 122 0 122 PVC SNAP 622000 622000 UP
6/2.10 102 0 102 PVC SNAP 622000 622000 INAC
6/2.11 200 0 200 PVC MUX 622000 622000 INAC
6/3.10 103 0 103 PVC MUX 622000 622000 UP
6/3.20 104 0 104 PVC SNAP 622000 622000 UP
Router# show atm vc 1 ATM10/0: VCD: 1, VPI: 0, VCI: 1 PeakRate: 0, Average Rate: 0 AAL5-LLC/SNAP, etype:0x0, Flags: 0xC20, VCmode: 0x0 OAM frequency: 200 second(s) InARP DISABLED, 1483-half-bridged-encap InPkts: 0, OutPkts: 0, InBytes: 0, OutBytes: 0 InPRoc: 0, OutPRoc: 0, Broadcasts: 0 InFast: 0, OutFast: 0, InAS: 0, OutAS: 0 OAM cells received: 0 OAM cells sent: 0 Status: INACTIVE ATM10/3: VCD: 1, VPI: 0, VCI: 8 PeakRate: 0, Average Rate: 0 AAL5-MUX, etype:0x800, Flags: 0xC23, VCmode: 0x0 OAM frequency: 0 second(s) InARP DISABLED InPkts: 0, OutPkts: 0, InBytes: 0, OutBytes: 0 InPRoc: 0, OutPRoc: 0, Broadcasts: 0 InFast: 0, OutFast: 0, InAS: 0, OutAS: 0 OAM cells received: 0 OAM cells sent: 0 Status: UP
Router# show version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) GS Software (GSR-P-M), Experimental Version 12.0(19990924:215547) [ste] Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 17-Nov-99 17:41 by bobsmith Image text-base: 0x60010908, data-base: 0x60F9A000 ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.2(17)GS2, [htseng 180] EARLY DEPLOYMENT RELEA) BOOTFLASH: GS Software (GSR-BOOT-M), Version 11.2(15)GS0.2, EARLY DEPLOYMENT MA gemfr1 uptime is 2 weeks, 5 days, 52 minutes System returned to ROM by reload System image file is "tftp://223.255.254.254/muck/stevmars/gsr-p-mz.error" cisco 12008/GRP (R5000) processor (revision 0x01) with 262144K bytes of memory. R5000 CPU at 200Mhz, Implementation 35, Rev 2.1, 512KB L2 Cache Last reset from power-on 1 Route Processor Card 1 Clock Scheduler Card 3 Switch Fabric Cards 3 Single-port OC12c ATM controllers (3 ATM). 1 Quad-port OC12c ATM controller (1 ATM). 1 OC12 POS controller (1 POS). 1 four-port OC12 POS controller (4 POS). 1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 7 ATM network interface(s) 5 Packet over SONET network interface(s) 507K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 8192K bytes of Flash PCMCIA card at slot 0 (Sector size 128K). 8192K bytes of Flash PCMCIA card at slot 1 (Sector size 128K). 8192K bytes of Flash internal SIMM (Sector size 256K). Configuration register is 0x0
Router# show diag 10
SLOT 10 (RP/LC 10): 4 port ATM Over SONET OC12c/STM-4c Multi Mode
MAIN: type 51, 800-4189-01 rev 73 dev 0
HW config: 0x01 SW key: FF-FF-FF
PCA: 73-3471-02 rev 81 ver 1
HW version 1.1 S/N
MBUS: Unknown (65535) 65535-16777215-255 rev V7 dev 16777215
HW version 255.255 S/N
Test hist: 0xFF RMA#: FF-FF-FF RMA hist: 0xFF
DIAG: Test count: 0xFFFFFFFF Test results: 0xFFFFFFFF
MBUS Agent Software version 01.36 (RAM) (ROM version is 02.00)
Using CAN Bus A
ROM Monitor version 10.02
Fabric Downloader version used 02.03 (ROM version is 02.03)
Board has no primary clock
Board is analyzed
Board State is Wait for Fabric Init Complete (FABI WAIT)
Insertion time: 00:00:14 (02:36:33 ago)
Router# show atm traffic 0 Input packets 8 Output packets 0 Broadcast packets 0 Packets received on non-existent VC 0 Packets attempted to send on non-existent VC 0 OAM cells received F5 InEndloop: 0, F5 InSegloop: 0, F5 InAIS: 0, F5 InRDI: 0 F4 InEndloop: 0, F4 InSegloop: 0, F4 InAIS: 0, F4 InRDI: 0 8 OAM cells sent F5 OutEndloop: 8, F5 OutSegloop: 0, F5 OutRDI: 0 F4 OutEndloop: 0, F4 OutSegloop: 0, F4 OutRDI: 0 0 OAM cell drops
Router# show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration: ! version 12.0 service config no service pad service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname Router ! enable secret 5 $1$3LdN$kC9JU2UlsyO9eZejyfhPt1 enable password stophere ! redundancy main-cpu auto-sync startup-config ! ip subnet-zero ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 20.4.3.2 255.255.0.0 no ip directed-broadcast no ip route-cache cef no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache ! ... interface ATM10/0 no ip address no ip directed-broadcast atm vc-per-vp 256 atm maxvc 1024 atm e164 auto-conversion atm sonet stm-4 atm class HIGH atm uni-version 3.1 atm pvc 1 0 1 aal5snap bridge oam 200 atm ilmi-keepalive 60 atm ilmi-pvc-discovery subinterface ! interface ATM10/1 no ip address no ip directed-broadcast shutdown no atm ilmi-keepalive ! interface ATM10/2 no ip address no ip directed-broadcast shutdown no atm ilmi-keepalive ! interface ATM10/3 ip address 10.10.10.10 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast atm vc-per-vp 16 atm maxvc 512 atm clock INTERNAL atm class LOW atm uni-version 3.0 atm pvc 1 0 8 aal5mux ip atm pvc 10 255 15 qsaal oam 600 atm ilmi-keepalive map-group LOW ... end
(remainder of displayed text omitted from example)
The software for the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM Line Card also changes these commands:
show controllers atm—This command displays framer information:
Router#show controllers atm ATM10/0 SECTION LOF = 0 LOS = 0 RDOOL = 0 BIP(B1) = 0 Active Alarms: None LINE AIS = 0 RDI = 0 FEBE = 0 BIP(B2) = 0 Active Alarms: None PATH AIS = 0 RDI = 0 FEBE = 0 BIP(B3) = 0 LOP = 0 NEWPTR = 0 PSE = 0 NSE = 0 Active Alarms: None HCS errors Correctable HCS errors = 0 Uncorrectable HCS errors = 0 ATM10/1 SECTION LOF = 0 LOS = 0 RDOOL = 0 BIP(B1) = 0 Active Alarms: None LINE AIS = 0 RDI = 0 FEBE = 0 BIP(B2) = 0 Active Alarms: None PATH AIS = 0 RDI = 0 FEBE = 0 BIP(B3) = 0 LOP = 0 NEWPTR = 0 PSE = 0 NSE = 0 Active Alarms: None HCS errors Correctable HCS errors = 0 Uncorrectable HCS errors = 0 ATM10/2 SECTION LOF = 0 LOS = 0 RDOOL = 0 BIP(B1) = 0 Active Alarms: None LINE AIS = 0 RDI = 0 FEBE = 0 BIP(B2) = 0 Active Alarms: None PATH AIS = 0 RDI = 0 FEBE = 0 BIP(B3) = 0 LOP = 0 NEWPTR = 0 PSE = 0 NSE = 0 Active Alarms: None HCS errors Correctable HCS errors = 0 Uncorrectable HCS errors = 0 ATM10/3 SECTION LOF = 0 LOS = 0 RDOOL = 0 BIP(B1) = 0 Active Alarms: None LINE AIS = 0 RDI = 0 FEBE = 0 BIP(B2) = 0 Active Alarms: None PATH AIS = 0 RDI = 0 FEBE = 0 BIP(B3) = 0 LOP = 0 NEWPTR = 0 PSE = 0 NSE = 0 Active Alarms: None HCS errors Correctable HCS errors = 0 Uncorrectable HCS errors = 0
show interface <card/port.subinterface>—This command displays port-level statistics, as well as other information. The presentation of error statistics is different from previous versions of this command:
Router# show interface atm 10/3.0
ATM10/3 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is SE622 OC-12c ATM, address is 005d.dc9a.af43 (bia 005d.dc9a.af43)
Internet address is 10.10.10.10/24
MTU 4470 bytes, sub MTU 4470, BW 622000 Kbit, DLY 80 usec, rely 255/255, load5
Encapsulation ATM, loopback not set
Keepalive not supported
Encapsulation(s): AAL5, PVC mode
512 maximum active VCs, 2 current VCCs
VC idle disconnect time: 300 seconds
Signalling vc = 10, vpi = 255, vci = 15
UNI Version = 3.0, Link Side = user
Last input never, output never, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
217 packets output, 13153 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
The following commands cannot be used on the Quad OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card because they are specific to the single-port OC-12c/STM-4c ATM line card:
[no] sar-tx pools [2|4]
[no] sar vc <vcid> tx-pool <pool#>
This section contains the following ATM PVC configuration examples:
The following example creates a PVC on an ATM main interface. AAL5/MUX encapsulation is configured and a UBR QOS is specified. For further information, refer to the related task section "Create a PVC" presented earlier in this document.
interface 2/0 pvc cisco 1/20 encapsulation aal5mux ip UBR 100000 exit
The following example creates PVC 0/10 on ATM interface 3/0. It uses the global default LLC/SNAP encapsulation over AAL5. The interface is at IP address 1.1.1.1 with 1.1.1.5 at the other end of the connection. For further information, refer to the sections "Create a PVC" and "Map a Protocol Address to the PVC" presented earlier in this document.
interface atm 3/0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 pvc 0/10 protocol ip 1.1.1.5 broadcast exit ! ip route-cache cbus
The following example is of a typical ATM configuration for a PVC:
interface atm 4/0 ip address 172.21.168.112 255.255.255.0 atm maxvc 512 pvc 1/1 protocol ip 171.21.168.110 exit ! pvc 2/2 protocol decnet 10.1 broadcast exit ! pvc 6/6 protocol clns 47.004.001.0000.0c00.6e26.00 broadcast exit ! decnet cost 1 clns router iso-igrp comet exit ! router iso-igrp comet net 47.0004.0001.0000.0c00.6666.00 exit ! router igrp 109 network 172.21.0.0 exit ! ip domain-name CISCO.COM
Figure 16 illustrates a fully meshed network. The configurations for Routers A, B, and C follow the figure. In this example, the routers are configured to use PVCs. Fully meshed indicates that any workstation can communicate with any other workstation. Note that the two protocol statements configured in Router A identify the ATM addresses of Routers B and C. The two protocol statements in Router B identify the ATM addresses of Routers A and C. The two protocol statements in Router C identify the ATM addresses of Routers A and B. For further information, refer to the related task sections "Create a PVC" and "Map a Protocol Address to the PVC" presented earlier in this chapter.
ip routing ! interface atm 4/0 ip address 131.108.168.1 255.255.255.0 pvc 0/10 protocol ip 131.108.168.2 broadcast exit ! pvc 0/20 protocol ip 131.108.168.3 broadcast exit
ip routing ! interface atm 2/0 ip address 131.108.168.2 255.255.255.0 pvc test-b-1 0/10 protocol ip 131.108.168.1 broadcast exit ! pvc test-b-2 0/30 protocol ip 131.108.168.3 broadcast exit
ip routing ! interface atm 4/0 ip address 131.108.168.3 255.255.255.0 pvc 0/20 encapsulation aal5snap protocol ip 131.108.168.1 broadcast exit ! pvc 0/30 encapsulation aal5snap protocol ip 131.108.168.2 broadcast exit
You can use the following debug commands to aid in solving ATM network problems:
After you use a debug command, turn off debugging with the no debug command.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to correct the interference at their own expense.
You can determine whether your equipment is causing interference by turning it off. If the interference stops, it was probably caused by the Cisco equipment or one of its peripheral devices. If the equipment causes interference to radio or television reception, try to correct the interference by using one or more of the following measures:
Modifications to this product not authorized by Cisco Systems, Inc. could void the FCC approval and negate your authority to operate the product.
This class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
This Apparatus complies with EN55022 Class B and EN50082-2 standard requirements in Europe.
This is a class B product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference from Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this is used near a radio or television receiver in a domestic environment, it may cause radio interference. Install and use the equipment according to the instruction manual.
Cisco Connection Online (CCO) is Cisco Systems' primary, real-time support channel. Maintenance customers and partners can self-register on CCO to obtain additional information and services.
Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, CCO provides a wealth of standard and value-added services to Cisco's customers and business partners. CCO services include product information, product documentation, software updates, release notes, technical tips, the Bug Navigator, configuration notes, brochures, descriptions of service offerings, and download access to public and authorized files.
CCO serves a wide variety of users through two interfaces that are updated and enhanced simultaneously: a character-based version and a multimedia version that resides on the World Wide Web (WWW). The character-based CCO supports Zmodem, Kermit, Xmodem, FTP, and Internet e-mail, and it is excellent for quick access to information over lower bandwidths. The WWW version of CCO provides richly formatted documents with photographs, figures, graphics, and video, as well as hyperlinks to related information.
You can access CCO in the following ways:
For a copy of CCO's Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), contact cco-help@cisco.com. For additional information, contact cco-team@cisco.com.
Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a CD-ROM package, which ships with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM, a member of the Cisco Connection Family, is updated monthly. Therefore, it might be more current than printed documentation. To order additional copies of the Documentation CD-ROM, contact your local sales representative or call customer service. The CD-ROM package is available as a single package or as an annual subscription. You can also access Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at http://www.cisco.com, http://www-china.cisco.com, or http://www-europe.cisco.com.
If you are reading Cisco product documentation on the World Wide Web, you can submit comments electronically. Click Feedback in the toolbar and select Documentation. After you complete the form, click Submit to send it to Cisco. We appreciate your comments.
Posted: Thu Sep 28 13:15:52 PDT 2000
Copyright 1989-2000©Cisco Systems Inc.