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Product Numbers: 16OC3/POS-MM (=), 16OC3/POS-SM (=), 8OC3/POS-MM (=), 8OC3/POS-SM (=)
This publication contains instructions for installing and configuring the 8xOC3 POS line card or the 16xOC3 POS line card on a Cisco 12000 series Gigabit Switch Router (GSR).
The following sections are included in this configuration note:
This section contains important information about additional documentation, Cisco IOS software configuration, safety, and technical support. It also describes important operating considerations for your line card.
The Cisco Documentation CD-ROM package provides comprehensive documentation on the entire Cisco product line. The CD-ROM package contains documents in both Adobe portable document format (PDF), viewable with Adobe Acrobat Reader, and hypertext markup language (HTML) files, viewable with a Web browser.
The Documentation CD-ROM, a member of the Cisco Connection Family, is updated monthly; therefore, it might be more up to date than printed documentation. To order additional copies of the Documentation CD-ROM, contact your local sales representative or call customer service. The CD-ROM package is available as a single package or as an annual subscription.
For hardware installation and maintenance information on the Cisco 12000 series routers, refer to the installation and configuration guide that shipped with your Cisco 12000 series router.
Also refer to the field replacable unit (FRU) publications that describe how to install, maintain, and replace router subsystems, such as cooling fans, power supplies, chassis backplanes, and so on.
The Cisco IOS software that runs on your router contains extensive features and functionality.
For Cisco IOS software configuration information and support, refer to the configuration and command reference publications in the Cisco IOS software configuration documentation set that corresponds to the Cisco IOS software release installed on your Cisco hardware. You can also refer to the Cisco IOS software release notes for the version of Cisco IOS software you are using on your router.
Cisco Connection Online (CCO) is Cisco Systems' primary, real-time support channel. Refer to "Cisco Connection Online," at the end of this publication, for complete information on how to obtain support through CCO.
You can also contact Cisco Customer Service at 800 553-6387 or 408 526-7208 (U.S.). Customer Service hours are 5:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Pacific time, Monday through Friday (excluding company holidays). You can also send e-mail to cs-rep@cisco.com.
You may also find useful information in the Cisco Information Packet that shipped with your router.
The following operating considerations apply to the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card:
Before you begin the procedures in this publication, review the safety guidelines in this section to avoid injuring yourself or damaging the equipment.
For information on regulatory compliance and safety, refer to the Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information publication that shipped with your device. This publication contains important safety information that you must read and understand before attempting to install, remove, or modify any hardware in your Cisco 12000 series router.
Safety warnings appear throughout this publication in procedures that, if performed incorrectly, may harm you. A warning symbol precedes each warning statement. The following paragraph is an example of a safety warning. It identifies the warning symbol and associates it with a bodily injury hazard. The remaining paragraphs in this section are translations of the initial safety warning.
 | Warning This warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could cause bodily injury. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents. To see translations of the warnings that appear in this publication, refer to the Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information document that accompanied this device. |
Waarschuwing Dit waarschuwingssymbool betekent gevaar. U verkeert in een situatie die lichamelijk letsel kan veroorzaken. Voordat u aan enige apparatuur gaat werken, dient u zich bewust te zijn van de bij elektrische schakelingen betrokken risico's en dient u op de hoogte te zijn van standaard maatregelen om ongelukken te voorkomen. Voor vertalingen van de waarschuwingen die in deze publicatie verschijnen, kunt u het document Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Informatie over naleving van veiligheids- en andere voorschriften) raadplegen dat bij dit toestel is ingesloten.
Varoitus Tämä varoitusmerkki merkitsee vaaraa. Olet tilanteessa, joka voi johtaa ruumiinvammaan. Ennen kuin työskentelet minkään laitteiston parissa, ota selvää sähkökytkentöihin liittyvistä vaaroista ja tavanomaisista onnettomuuksien ehkäisykeinoista. Tässä julkaisussa esiintyvien varoitusten käännökset löydät laitteen mukana olevasta Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information -kirjasesta (määräysten noudattaminen ja tietoa turvallisuudesta).
Attention Ce symbole d'avertissement indique un danger. Vous vous trouvez dans une situation pouvant causer des blessures ou des dommages corporels. Avant de travailler sur un équipement, soyez conscient des dangers posés par les circuits électriques et familiarisez-vous avec les procédures couramment utilisées pour éviter les accidents. Pour prendre connaissance des traductions d'avertissements figurant dans cette publication, consultez le document Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Conformité aux règlements et consignes de sécurité) qui accompagne cet appareil.
Warnung Dieses Warnsymbol bedeutet Gefahr. Sie befinden sich in einer Situation, die zu einer Körperverletzung führen könnte. Bevor Sie mit der Arbeit an irgendeinem Gerät beginnen, seien Sie sich der mit elektrischen Stromkreisen verbundenen Gefahren und der Standardpraktiken zur Vermeidung von Unfällen bewußt. Übersetzungen der in dieser Veröffentlichung enthaltenen Warnhinweise finden Sie im Dokument Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Informationen zu behördlichen Vorschriften und Sicherheit), das zusammen mit diesem Gerät geliefert wurde.
Avvertenza Questo simbolo di avvertenza indica un pericolo. La situazione potrebbe causare infortuni alle persone. Prima di lavorare su qualsiasi apparecchiatura, occorre conoscere i pericoli relativi ai circuiti elettrici ed essere al corrente delle pratiche standard per la prevenzione di incidenti. La traduzione delle avvertenze riportate in questa pubblicazione si trova nel documento Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Conformità alle norme e informazioni sulla sicurezza) che accompagna questo dispositivo.
Advarsel Dette varselsymbolet betyr fare. Du befinner deg i en situasjon som kan føre til personskade. Før du utfører arbeid på utstyr, må du vare oppmerksom på de faremomentene som elektriske kretser innebærer, samt gjøre deg kjent med vanlig praksis når det gjelder å unngå ulykker. Hvis du vil se oversettelser av de advarslene som finnes i denne publikasjonen, kan du se i dokumentet Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Overholdelse av forskrifter og sikkerhetsinformasjon) som ble levert med denne enheten.
Aviso Este símbolo de aviso indica perigo. Encontra-se numa situação que lhe poderá causar danos físicos. Antes de começar a trabalhar com qualquer equipamento, familiarize-se com os perigos relacionados com circuitos eléctricos, e com quaisquer práticas comuns que possam prevenir possíveis acidentes. Para ver as traduções dos avisos que constam desta publicação, consulte o documento Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Informação de Segurança e Disposições Reguladoras) que acompanha este dispositivo.
¡Advertencia! Este símbolo de aviso significa peligro. Existe riesgo para su integridad física. Antes de manipular cualquier equipo, considerar los riesgos que entraña la corriente eléctrica y familiarizarse con los procedimientos estándar de prevención de accidentes. Para ver una traducción de las advertencias que aparecen en esta publicación, consultar el documento titulado Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Información sobre seguridad y conformidad con las disposiciones reglamentarias) que se acompaña con este dispositivo.
Varning! Denna varningssymbol signalerar fara. Du befinner dig i en situation som kan leda till personskada. Innan du utför arbete på någon utrustning måste du vara medveten om farorna med elkretsar och känna till vanligt förfarande för att förebygga skador. Se förklaringar av de varningar som förkommer i denna publikation i dokumentet Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information (Efterrättelse av föreskrifter och säkerhetsinformation), vilket medföljer denna anordning.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage, which can occur when electronic cards or components are improperly handled, results in complete or intermittent failures. The 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card consists of a printed circuit card that is fixed in a metal carrier. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and connectors are integral components of the carrier. Although the metal carrier helps to protect the board from ESD, use a preventive ESD strap whenever you are handling a line card.
Following are guidelines for preventing ESD damage:
 | Caution For safety, periodically check the resistance value of the ESD strap. The measurement should be between 1 and 10 megohms. |
The Cisco 12000 series Gigabit Switch Routers provide high-speed, high-volume routing of packets and ATM cells. The Cisco 12000 series includes the following platforms, all sharing a similar architecture:
The GSR architecture offers the following features and capabilities in providing support to IP-based local-area networks (LANs) and wide-area networks (WANs):
In addition, the system allows for redundant, field-replaceable units (FRUs).
The single-mode or multimode 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card allows Cisco 12000 series routers to aggregate large amounts of data on existing fiber networks. Support for Quality of Service (QoS) packet flow control processing provides an additional value-added routing feature for Internet Service Providers (ISPs).
The 8xOC3 POS line card interfaces with the switch fabric in the Cisco 12000 series router. The 8xOC3 POS line card provides up to 120 OC-3/STM1 ports per 12016 system, or up to 56 OC-3/STM1 ports per 12008 system.
The 16xOC3 POS line card interfaces with the switch fabric in the Cisco 12000 series router. The 16xOC3 POS line card provides up to 240 OC-3/STM1 ports per 12016 system, or up to 112 OC-3/STM1 ports per 12008 system.
Each line card has the following main components:
Figure 1 shows a high-level block diagram of the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card.
Figure 2 shows the front and rear views of the 8xOC-3 POS and 16xOC-3 POS line cards.
The line card transceiver determines the interface type. The single-mode transceiver intermediate-reach version provides a full-duplex, 155.52Mbps, 1300-nm, laser-based SONET/SDH compliant interface. With a power rating of -15 to -8 dBm transmitting, and -28 to -8 dBm receiving, the single-mode transceiver operates at a distance of up to 15 km. The actual distance in any given case depends on the quality of the fiber attached to the transceiver.
The multimode transceiver version provides a full-duplex, 155.52Mbps, 1300-nm, LED-based SONET/SDH compliant interface. With a power rating of -18.5 to -14 dBm transmitting, and -30 to -14 dBm receiving, the multimode transceiver operates at a distance of up to 2 km. The actual distance in any given case depends on the quality of the fiber attached to the transceiver.
The single-mode and multimode versions of the line card meet both IEC 825 and CDRH Class I safety standards.
The packet transmit interface provides the following functions:
The packet receive interface provides the following functions for the physical layer interface module (PLIM):
The packet switch manager consists of the logic and memory that supports the switch manager functions. The packet switch manager examines the packets received from the packet receive interface and determines whether the packet can be routed by means of the fast-path function. The characteristics examined include IPv4 protocol, known media access control (MAC) encapsulation format, no IP options, and correct IP checksum.
If a packet is a candidate for fast-path routing, the packet switch manager performs a lookup operation that is based upon the destination address. The result of the lookup operation contains the necessary information to make the fast-path routing decision in hardware.
If the packet switch manager cannot use fast-path routing to route the packet, the packet is queued in the receive buffer manager.
The fast-path route tables consist of two physically separate but logically linked memory-based data structures: pointer lookup (PLU) and table lookup (TLU) memories. These lookup tables hold the information that the packet switch manager logic uses to make the fast-path routing decision. The line card processor software maintains table content.
The PLU and TLU lookup table memories are each configured with 16 to 64 MB of single-error correct/double-error detect (SECDED) error correction code (ECC) protected memory.
The Receive buffer manager consists of logic and memory that supports buffer management functions. Each packet received by the line card is written to a buffer in the receive buffer memory. Buffers contain complete packets; there is no scatter-gather mechanism.
To optimize receive buffer memory usage, the memory is partitioned into groups of buffers of varying length. When packets are received, queue manager hardware selects a best-fit buffer for storing the packet.
The buffers are maintained in queues that are supported by the queuing hardware. The queues include the following:
The receive buffer memory is configured with 32 to 256 MB of SECDED ECC protected memory.
The transmit buffer manager consists of logic and memory that supports transmit buffer manager functions. Each cell received from the switch fabric is written to a buffer in the SDRAM transmit buffer memory as it is reassembled into a full packet prior to transmission.
As with the receive buffer memory, the transmit buffer memory is partitioned into groups of buffers of varying length. The transmit buffer lengths must match the lengths used by the receive buffer memory. This requirement ensures that the best-fit decision made when the packet was received from the interface can be reused when the packet is received from the fabric.
The buffers are maintained on queues which are supported by queuing hardware and include the following:
The transmit buffer memory is configured with 32 to 256 MB of SECDED ECC protected memory.
The line card processor, using the slow-path route table, performs the routing function on any packets unable to be directly processed in hardware by the packet switch manager, the receive buffer manager, or the transmit buffer manager. The tasks involved in this operation are as follows:
The line card processor is also responsible for the following general board initialization and maintenance functions:
The line card processor uses the slow-path route table to perform the routing operation on any packets not processed by the packet switch manager. The slow-path route tables are stored in the line card processor memory. The line card processor memory is configured with 32 to 256 MB of parity-protected memory.
The line card processor memory also contains the local program image and data structures for the line card processor.
The switch fabric interface accepts data from the receive buffer manager and transmits it to the appropriate destination line cards. The fabric interface makes requests to the central backplane switch fabric scheduler for access to line cards for which it has transmit data. When the central switch fabric scheduler grants access, the fabric interface transmits the granted data to the switch fabric.
Data is transmitted to the switch fabric in the form of 64-byte cells that contain header, CRC error detection/correction, and data.
Incoming cells are received by the fabric interface and passed to the transmit buffer manager, where the cells are reassembled into full packets and queued for transmission on the appropriate output interface. The destination is known, so there is no need for a transmit packet switch manager.
The line card communicates with the GRP through the MBus interface. The MBus interface provides a redundant MBus controller area network (CAN) communications interface for access to the GRP by means of a simple message-passing mailbox protocol.
The MBus interface is multi-master. This means the line card can send unsolicited messages to the GRP as well as receive unsolicited messages from the GRP.
An MBus module on the line card responds to requests from the master MBus module located on the GRP. The line card MBus module can report temperature and voltage information to the master MBus module. In addition, the MBus module on the line card contains the ID-EEPROM, which stores the serial number, hardware revision level, and other information about the card.
Each line card maintains CEF tables. These tables, derived from routing tables maintained by the GRP, are used by the line card processor to make forwarding decisions. Large networks may require more DRAM to support large CEF tables. For information on adding memory to a line card, see the document Cisco 12000 Series Gigabit Switch Router Memory Replacement Instructions.
This section provides information to help you prepare to install and configure the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card. The following sections describe prerequisites and preparation information:
We recommend that you do the following before beginning any of the procedures in this document:
You need the following tools and parts to remove and replace a Cisco 12000 series line card. If you need additional equipment, contact your vendor's service representative for ordering information.
The 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card is compatible with any Cisco 12000 series router that is operating with the following system software Cisco IOS Release 12.0(10)S or later release of Cisco IOS Release 12.0(10) or later.
The show version, show diags, and show hardware commands display the current hardware configuration of the router, including the system software version that is currently loaded and running. For complete descriptions of show commands, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide and Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference publications, which are available on the Documentation CD-ROM or as printed copies.
In the following example of the show version command, the running system software, Release 12.0(10)S, is displayed in the command output.
Router# show version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) GS Software (GSR-P-M), Version 12.0(10) Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 26-Jan-00 00:41 Image text-base: 0x60010908, data-base: 0x60F5A000 ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.0(10)GS5, [tamb 176] RELEASE SOFTWARE BOOTFLASH: GS Software (GSR-BOOT-M), Version 11.2(18)GS3 Router uptime is 19 hours, 35 minutes System returned to ROM by reload at 02:25:10 EST Wed Jan 26 2000 System restarted at 02:26:37 EST Wed Jan 26 2000 cisco 12008/GRP (R5000) processor (revision 0x01) with 262144K bytes of memory. R5000 CPU at 200Mhz, Implementation 35, Rev 2.1, 512KB L2 Cache Last reset from power-on 2 Route Processor Cards 2 Clock Scheduler Cards 3 Switch Fabric Cards 1 four-port OC3 POS controller (4 POS). 1 16-port OC3 POS controller (16 POS). 1 four-port OC12 POS controller (4 POS). 1 OC12 Channelized to DS3 controller (1 OC12_CH_DS3) 1 OC12 Channelized to STS-3c POS controller (4 POS). Router>
The show diags command displays the GRP microcode version and the line card microcode version (shown in italics in the following example):
Router# show diags
SLOT 1 (RP/LC 1 ): 16 Port Packet Over SONET OC-3c/STM-1 Multi Mode
MAIN: type 57, 800-5425-01 rev ;3 dev 0
HW config: 0x01 SW key: FF-FF-FF
PCA: 73-4050-02 rev 73 ver 2
HW version 1.1 S/N
MBUS: Unknown (65535) 65535-16777215-255 rev V7 dev 16777215
HW version 255.255 S/N
Test hist: 0xFF RMA#: FF-FF-FF RMA hist: 0xFF
DIAG: Test count: 0xFFFFFFFF Test results: 0xFFFFFFFF
L3 Engine: 2 - Backbone OC48 (2.5 Gbps)
MBUS Agent Software version 01.40 (RAM) (ROM version is 02.00)
Using CAN Bus A
ROM Monitor version 10.03
Fabric Downloader version used 03.02 (ROM version is 02.01)
Primary clock is CSC 1, Persistent LOS to slot 19
Board is analyzed
Board State is Line Card Enabled (IOS RUN)
Insertion time: 00:00:09 (19:41:57 ago)
DRAM size: 134217728 bytes
FrFab SDRAM size: 134217728 bytes, SDRAM pagesize: 8192 bytes
ToFab SDRAM size: 134217728 bytes, SDRAM pagesize: 8192 bytes
0 crashes since restart
Router#
If the displays indicate that the running system software is a version earlier than Release 12.0(10)S or the running GRP microcode is a version earlier than 1.35, check the contents of Flash memory to determine if the required images are available on your system. The show flash command displays a list of all files stored in Flash memory. If you do not have the correct software version, contact a Cisco customer service representative.
To ensure compatibility with the Cisco IOS software, your 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card should have a hardware revision level of 73-4050-02 Rev A0 for single-mode. The hardware revision number is printed on a label affixed to the component side of the card. The hardware revision number can also be displayed using the show diags and show hardware commands.
The SONET specification for fiber-optic transmission defines two types of fiber: single-mode and multimode. Signals can travel farther through single-mode fiber than through multimode fiber. The 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card supports single-mode intermediate-reach and multimode.
The maximum distance for single-mode and multimode installations is determined by the amount of light loss in the fiber path. Good quality fiber with very few splices can carry a single-mode or multimode signal 15 km or more. If your environment requires the signal to travel close to the typical maximum distance (as listed in Table 1), you should use an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to measure the power loss.
| Transceiver | Power Budget | Transmit Power | Receive Power | Typical Maximum Distance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Single-Mode, | 13 dBm | -28 to 8 dBm | 15 kilometers | |
Multimode, | 11.5 dBm | -18.5 to -14 dBm | -30 to -14 dBm | 2 kilometers |
| 1dBm = decibels per milliwatt 2nm = nanometer |
The 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card is available with the memory options described in Table 2 and Table 3. Refer to the publication Cisco 12000 Series Gigabit Switch Router Memory Replacement Instructions for installation procedures if you are upgrading or replacing line card memory.
| Product Option | Description |
|---|---|
MEM-DFT-GRP/LC-64 | (Default) 64 MB code and route table memory |
MEM-GRP/LC-128 | Optional 128 MB upgrade memory (2x64 MB) |
MEM-GRP/LC-256 | Optional 256 MB upgrade memory (2x128MB) |
| Product Option | Description |
|---|---|
MEM-DF-LC1-PKT-256 | Default 256 MB packet buffer memory |
MEM-PKT-512-UPG | Optional 512 MB upgrade memory, 256MBTx/256MB/Rx |
This section describes the line card slot locations in the following Cisco 12000 series routers:
Before installing your line card into the router, verify that a line card slot is available.
The Cisco 12016 GSR chassis has three integral card cages: the upper card cage, the lower card cage, and the switch fabric card cage. You can install line cards in the upper or lower card cage.
The upper card cage has eight user-configurable slots that support the following types of cards in the quantities indicated:
The lower card cage in the Cisco 12016 GSR has eight user-configurable slots, numbered 8 through 15, that support the following types of cards in the quantities indicated:
Figure 3 shows the location of the line card slots in the Cisco 12016 GSR.
The Cisco 12012 GSR upper card cage contains 12 slots that accommodate the following types of cards in the quantities indicated:
Figure 4 shows the location of the line card slots in the Cisco 12012 GSR.
The Cisco 12008 GSR card cage contains ten slots that accommodate the following types of cards in the quantities indicated:
Figure 5 shows the location of the line card slots in the Cisco 12008 GSR.
Use an optical-fiber interface cable to connect one 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card to another 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card. In general, multimode cables are gray or orange, and single-mode cables are yellow. The 16xOC3 POS line card and 8xOC3 POS line card support single-mode and multi-mode optical-fiber interface cables.
For SONET/SDH single-mode optical-fiber connections, use a Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack (MTRJ) duplex connector (see Figure 6), or a Local Connector (LC) duplex connector (see Figure 7).
Connect a duplex fiber cable between the line card and another device. Observe the receive (Rx) and transmit (Tx) cable relationship shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
 | Warning Invisible radiation may be emitted from the aperture of the port when no fiber cable is connected. Avoid exposure to radiation and do not stare into open apertures. |
| Warning
Class 1 laser product (single-mode intermediate-reach). |
| Warning
Class 1 LED product (multimode). |
For the 8xOC3 POS line card, you will need eight SC-to-LC duplex cable adaptors for the single-mode fiber interface, or eight SC-to-MTRJ duplex cable adaptors for the multi-mode fiber interface. For the 16xOC3 POS line card, you will need sixteen SC-to-LC duplex cable adaptors for the single-mode fiber interface, or sixteen SC-to-MTRJ duplex cable adaptors for the multi-mode fiber interface. Cisco does not provide cable adaptors for these line cards. Cisco recommends that you contact a vendor to order the required cable adaptors in Table 4, and specify the length of the cable connection. The default cable length is ten feet.
| Single-mode Duplex Cable Adaptors | Multimode Duplex Cable Adaptors |
|---|---|
SC-to-LC | SC-to-MTRJ |
If you order a 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card as a spare, field-replaceable unit, you must order the cables at an additional cost.
The cable-management system in the Cisco 12000 series router organizes the interface cables entering and exiting the system, keeping them out of the way and free of sharp bends. Excessive bending in an interface cable can degrade performance and possibly harm the cable.
The cable-management system consists of two separate components:
The Cisco 12016 has a cable-management tray for the upper card cage that is positioned above the upper line card slots, and a cable-management tray for the lower card cage that is positioned below the lower line card slots. In addition, there are vertical cable troughs on either side of the card cages that keep the cables organized and secured.
Figure 8 shows a generic cable-management tray and cable-management bracket mounted on a Cisco 12012 GSR.
The cable-management tray on the Cisco 12008 GSR is similar in form and function to the cable-management tray on the Cisco 12012 GSR.
 | Caution Do not use the cable-management bracket as a handle to pull out or push in the line card. The cable-management bracket is designed to hold the interface cables and may break if you use the bracket to push, pull, or carry the line card after it is removed from the GSR. |
This section describes the procedures for installing or replacing a Cisco 12000 series line card. The following sections describe how to remove and replace a line card.
| Caution To avoid erroneous failure messages, remove or insert only one line card at a time. Also, after inserting or removing a line card, allow at least 15 seconds before removing or inserting another line card, so that the system can reinitialize and note the current configuration of all interfaces. |
You can remove and replace line cards while the system is operating; you do not need to notify the software or reset the system power. This functionality allows you to add, remove, or replace line cards with the system online, which provides a method that is seamless to end users on the network, maintains all routing information, and ensures session preservation.
After you reinstall a line card, the system automatically downloads the necessary software from the GRP. After that, the system brings on line only those interfaces that match the current configuration and were previously configured as up. You must configure all others with the configure command. (For 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card configuration information, refer to the section "Configuring Interfaces on a 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS Line Card" later in this document.)
| Caution The system will indicate a hardware failure if you do not follow proper procedures. Remove or insert only one line card at a time. Allow at least 15 seconds for the system to complete the preceding tasks before removing or inserting another line card. |
Each line card has two ejector levers that allow you to release the card from its backplane connector when you are removing the line card and firmly seat the line card in its backplane connector when you are installing the line card. The ejector levers align and seat the card connectors in the backplane.
When you remove a line card, always use the ejector levers to ensure that the card connector pins disconnect from the backplane in the logical sequence expected by the system. Any card that is only partially connected to the backplane will halt the system.
Similarly, when you install a line card, always use the ejector levers to ensure that the card is correctly aligned with the backplane connector, the card connector pins make contact with the backplane in the correct order, and the card is fully seated in the backplane. A card that is only partially seated in the backplane will cause the system to hang and subsequently crash.
To remove line card interface cables, use Figure 10 as a reference and perform the following steps:
Step 1 Attach an ESD wrist strap to your wrist and to the ESD connection socket on the chassis or to a bare metal surface on the chassis or frame.
Step 2 Disconnect and remove the line card interface cables and line card cable-management bracket (see Figure 10).
(a) Disconnect the interface cable connectors from the line card interface ports.
(b) Use a 3/16-inch flat-blade screwdriver to loosen the captive installation screws at the ends of the line card cable-management bracket.
(c) Detach the line card cable-management bracket from the line card and set it aside.
If you are replacing a failed line card, remove the existing card first, and then install the new line card in the same slot. Line cards support online insertion and removal, meaning you can remove and replace line cards while the system remains powered up.
To remove a line card, use Figure 11 as a reference and perform the following steps:
Step 1 Use a 3/16-inch flat-blade screwdriver to loosen the captive screw at each end of the line card faceplate. (See Figure 11a.)
| Caution When you remove a line card, always use the ejector levers to ensure that the card connector pins disconnect from the backplane in the logical sequence expected by the system. Any card that is only partially connected to the backplane can halt the system. |
Step 2 Simultaneously pivot the ejector levers away from each other to release the line card from the backplane connector. (See Figure 11b.)
Step 3 Grasp the ejector levers and pull the line card half way out of the slot.
Step 4 Grasp the line card faceplate with one hand and pull the line card straight out of the slot, keeping your other hand under the line card to guide it. (See Figure 11c.) Avoid touching the line card printed circuit board, components, or any connector pins.
Step 5 Place the removed line card on an antistatic mat or foam pad, or place it in an antistatic bag if you plan to return it to the factory.
Step 6 If the line card slot is to remain empty, install a line card blank (product number MAS-GSR-BLANK) to keep dust out of the chassis and to maintain proper airflow through the line card compartment. Secure the line card blank to the chassis by tightening its captive screws.
A line card slides into any available line card slot and connects directly to the backplane.
If you install a new line card, you must first remove the line card blank from the available slot. Refer to the procedures in the section "Removing a Line Card," earlier in this document.
| Caution The system will indicate a hardware failure if you do not follow proper procedures. Remove or insert only one line card at a time. Allow at least 15 seconds for the system to complete the preceding tasks before removing or inserting another line card. |
Use the following procedure to install a line card:
Step 1 Ensure that a console terminal is connected to the GRP console port and that the console is turned on.
Step 2 Attach an ESD wrist strap to your wrist and to the ESD connection socket on the chassis or to a bare metal surface on the chassis or frame.
Step 3 Choose an available line card slot for the line card, and verify that the line card's interface cable is long enough for you to connect the line card with any external equipment.
| Caution To prevent ESD damage, handle line cards by the card carrier edges only. |
Step 4 Grasp the faceplate of the line card with one hand and place your other hand under the card carrier to support the weight of the card; position the card for insertion into the card cage slot. Avoid touching the line card printed circuit board, components, or any connector pins.
Step 5 Carefully slide the line card into the slot until the ejector levers make contact with the edges of the card cage, then stop. Make sure the ejector lever hooks catch the lip of the card cage. (See Figure 12.)
| Caution When you install a line card, always use the ejector levers to ensure that the card is correctly aligned with the backplane connector, the card connector pins make contact with the backplane in the correct order, and the card is fully seated in the backplane. A card that is only partially seated in the backplane will cause the system to hang and subsequently crash. |
Step 6 Simultaneously pivot both ejector levers toward each other until they are perpendicular to the line card faceplate. This action firmly seats the card in the backplane.
Step 7 Use a 3/16-inch flat-blade screwdriver to tighten the captive screw on each end of the line card faceplate to ensure proper EMI shielding and to prevent the line card from becoming partially dislodged from the backplane. (These screws must be tightened to meet EMI specifications.)
| Caution To ensure adequate space for additional line cards, always tighten the captive installation screws on each newly installed line card before you insert any additional line cards. These screws also prevent accidental removal and provide proper grounding and EMI shielding for the system. |
Step 8 Reinstall the line card cable-management bracket (see Figure 10):
(a) Unhook the line card cable-management bracket from the chassis cable-management tray or bracket.
(b) Position the line card cable-management bracket over the front of the line card faceplate.
(c) Insert and tighten the captive screw at each end of the line card cable-management bracket to secure the bracket to the line card.
Step 9 Plug the interface cable connectors into their original ports on the line card faceplate.
This section contains the following procedures:
In the following procedure, you are assumed to have installed a new line card in the router. You must also install a line card cable-management bracket on the line card.
To install a line card cable-management bracket on a line card, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Attach an ESD wrist strap to your wrist and to the ESD connection socket on the chassis or to a bare metal surface on the chassis or frame.
Step 2 Attach the line card cable-management bracket to the line card as follows:
(a) Position the line card cable-management bracket over the front of the line card faceplate.
(b) Insert and tighten the captive screw at each end of the line card cable-management bracket to secure the bracket to the line card.
Step 3 Starting with the bottom port on the line card (see Figure 13a), connect each interface cable to the intended port.
Step 4 Carefully press the interface cable into the cable clip on the end of the cable standoff as shown in Figure 13b. Proceeding upward, carefully press the interface cable into the cable-routing clips along one side of the line card cable-management bracket. Avoid any kinks or sharp bends in cable.
Step 5 Repeat Step 3 through Step 4 for all of the interface cables on the line card ports.
To remove the interface cables from a line card cable-management bracket and remove the cable-management bracket from a line card, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Attach an ESD wrist strap to your wrist and to the ESD connection socket on the chassis or to a bare metal surface on the chassis or frame.
Step 2 On a piece of paper, note the current interface cable connections to the ports on each line card.
Step 3 Starting with the interface cable for the bottom port on the line card (for cards with multiple ports), disconnect the cable from the line card port (see Figure 14a).
Step 4 Proceeding upward, remove the interface cable from the cable clip on the inside of the cable standoff. Remove the interface cable from the cable-routing clips along the base of the line card cable-management bracket (see Figure 14b).
Step 5 Repeat Step 3 through Step 4 for any other interface cables on the line card ports, then proceed to Step 6.
Step 6 Loosen the captive installation screw at each end of the line card cable-management bracket and remove the bracket from the line card.
This section describes the two types of LEDs used for monitoring the operating status of the line card:
After installing the line card and connecting the interface cables, verify that the line card is working properly by checking the status LEDs on the faceplate of the line card and using the explanations in Table 5. See Figure 15.
8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS Line Card Status LEDs
During a typical line card boot process, the following events occur:
To verify that the line card is working properly, perform the following operational checks:
Each SONET interface on the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card contains three LEDs that are visible on the front panel that indicate the following conditions. (See Figure 15)
| Status LEDs | Color | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
Active | Green | Indicates that an interface is active. |
Carrier | Green | Indicates that the SONET framer has detected an in-frame condition that has persisted for a minimum of 3 milliseconds. |
Received Packet | Green | Indicates that a packet is being received. |
There are two 4-digit alphanumeric LED displays at one end of the faceplate near the ejector lever. The LEDs in Table 6 display messages telling you the state of the card. In general, the LEDs do not turn on until the GRP has discovered and powered up the card. It is normal for a message displayed as part of a sequence or process to appear too briefly for it to be read.
As it boots, the line card displays a sequence of messages that is similar to that shown in Table 6.
| LED Display1 | Meaning | Source |
|---|---|---|
MROM | The MBus microcode begins to execute; nnnn is the microcode version number. For example, microcode version 1.33 or above would display as 01172. This display might not be visible because it occurs for only a brief time. | MBus controller |
LMEM | Low memory on the line card is being tested. | Line card ROM monitor |
LROM | Low memory test has been completed. | Line card ROM monitor |
BSS | Main memory is being initialized. | Line card ROM monitor |
RST | The contents of the reset reason register are being saved. | Line card ROM monitor |
IO | Reset I/O register is being accessed. | Line card ROM monitor |
EXPT | Interrupt handlers are being initialized. | Line card ROM monitor |
TLB | TLB is being initialized. | Line card ROM monitor |
CACH | CPU data and instruction cache is being initialized. | Line card ROM monitor |
MEM | The size of main memory on the line card is being discovered. | Line card ROM monitor |
LROM | The ROM is ready for the download attempt. | Line card ROM monitor |
ROMI | The ROM image is being loaded into line card memory. | GRP IOS software |
FABL | The line card is waiting for the loading of the fabric downloader.3 | GRP IOS software |
FABL | The fabric downloader is being loaded into line card memory. | GRP IOS software |
FABL | The fabric downloader is being launched. | GRP IOS software |
FABL | The fabric downloader has been launched and is running. | GRP IOS software |
IOS | The Cisco IOS software is being downloaded into line card memory. | GRP IOS software |
IOS | The Cisco IOS software is being launched. | GRP IOS software |
IOS | The Cisco IOS software is running. | GRP IOS software |
IOS | The line card is enabled and ready for use. | GRP IOS software |
| 1The LED sequence shown in Table 6 might occur too quickly for you to view; therefore, this sequence is provided in this tabular form as a baseline for how the line cards should function at startup. 2The version of MBus microcode running on your system might be different. 3The fabric downloader loads the Cisco IOS software image onto the line card. |
Table 7 lists other messages displayed on the line card alphanumeric LED display.
| LED Display | Meaning | Source |
|---|---|---|
MRAM | The MBus microcode begins to execute; nnnn is the microcode version number. For example, microcode version 1.17 would display as 0117. This display might not be visible because it occurs for only a brief time. | MBus controller |
MAL | Card malfunction | GRP |
PWR | Card not powered | GRP |
PWR | Card powered | GRP |
IN | In reset | GRP |
RSET | Reset complete | GRP |
MBUS | MBus agent downloading | GRP |
MBUS | MBus agent download complete | GRP |
ROMI | Getting ROM images | GRP |
ROMI | Acquisition of ROM image complete | GRP |
MSTR | Waiting for mastership determination | GRP |
CLOK | Waiting for slot clock configuration | GRP |
CLOK | Slot clock configuration done | GRP |
FABL | Loading fabric downloader complete | GRP |
FABI | Waiting for fabric initialization to complete | GRP |
IOS | Downloading of Cisco IOS software is complete | GRP |
BMA | Cisco IOS software BMA error | GRP |
FIA | Cisco IOS fabric interface ASIC configuration error | GRP |
CARV | Buffer carving failure | GRP |
DUMP | Line card requesting a core dump | GRP |
DUMP | Line card dumping core | GRP |
DUMP | Line card core dump complete | GRP |
DIAG | Diagnostic mode | GRP |
FDAG | Downloading field diagnostics | GRP |
FDAG | Launching field diagnostics | GRP |
POST | Launching power-on self-test (POST) | GRP |
UNKN | Unknown state | GRP |
If the Active LED on a line card does not come on, verify the following conditions:
To verify that the line card is connected correctly, perform the following procedure:
Step 1 While the system reinitializes each interface, observe the console display messages and verify that the system discovers the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card. If all of the following conditions are true, the system should recognize the interface, but leave the interface configured as down:
Step 2 When the reinitialization is complete, verify that the Active LED on the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card is on and remains on. If the LED does stay on, proceed to Step 5. If the Active LED does not stay on, proceed to the next step.
Step 3 If the Active LED on the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card fails to go on, determine if the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card board connector is fully seated in the backplane. Loosen the captive installation screws and firmly pivot the ejector levers toward each other until both are perpendicular to the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card faceplate. Tighten the captive installation screws.
After the system reinitializes the interfaces, the Active LED on the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card should go on. If the Active LED goes on, proceed to Step 5. If the Active LED does not go on, proceed to the next step.
Step 4 If the Active LED still fails to go on, remove the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card and try installing it in another available line card slot.
Step 5 Use the show interfaces command to verify the status of the interface. (If the interface is not configured, you must use the procedures in the section "Configuring Interfaces on a 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS Line Card.")
If an error message displays on the console terminal, refer to the appropriate reference publication for error message definitions. If you experience other problems that you are unable to solve, contact a service representative for assistance.
For more information on troubleshooting and diagnostics, consult the installation and configuration guide that came with your Cisco 12000 series router.
This section provides procedures for configuring the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card:
If you installed a new 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card or want to change the configuration of an existing interface, you must enter the privileged level of the EXEC command interpreter with the enable command. Then enter configuration mode by using the configure terminal command in privileged EXEC mode. Table 8 shows the default configuration of an enabled line card. For more information, see the section "Customizing the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS Line Card Configuration," later in this section.
| Parameter | Configuration Command | Default Value |
|---|---|---|
Keepalive | [no] keepalive | keepalive |
Encapsulation | encapsulation [hdlc | ppp] | hdlc |
Cisco Discovery Protocol (cdp) | [no] cdp enable | cdp enable |
Maximum transmission unit (mtu) | [no] mtu bytes | 4470 bytes |
Framing | pos framing [sdh | sonet] | SONET OC-3c |
Bandwidth | [no] bandwidth kilobits | 155.000 |
SONET overhead | pos flag [c2 value] [j0 value] [s1s0 value] | c2 set to 0xcf; j0 set to 0xcc;s1s0 set to 0 |
Loop internal | [no] loop [internal | line] | No loopback |
POS SPE scrambling | [no] pos scramble-atm | no POS SPE scramble |
Cyclic Redundancy Check | crc [16 | 32] | 16 |
Clock source | clock source [internal | line] | Line |
The following procedure is for creating a basic configuration---enabling an interface and specifying IP routing. Be prepared with the information you will need, such as the interface IP address.
A Cisco 12000 series router identifies an interface address by its line card slot number and port number, in the format slot/port. For example, the slot/port address of an interface on an 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card installed in line card slot 1 is pos 1/0.
Use the following procedures to configure the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card. Be sure to press the Return key after each configuration step unless otherwise noted. You might also need to enter other configuration commands, depending on the requirements for your system configuration.
Step 1 Confirm that the system recognizes the card by entering the show version command:
Router# show version Router#
For an example of output from the show version command, see the "Using Show Commands to Check System Status" section".
Step 2 Check the status of each port by entering the show interface command:
Router# show interface pos slot/port Router#
For an example of output from the show interface command, see the section "Using Show Commands to Check System Status" later in this document.
Step 3 Use the configure terminal command in privileged EXEC mode to enter configuration mode and specify that the console terminal will be the source of the configuration commands:
Router# configure terminal Router#
Step 4 Enable IP routing by entering the ip routing command:
Router(config)# ip routing Router(config)#
Step 5 At the prompt, specify the new interface to configure by entering the interface command, followed by the type (pos) and slot/port (line card slot number/port number). The example that follows is for an 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card in router slot 1:
Router(config)# interface pos 1/0 Router(config)#
Step 6 Assign an IP address and subnet mask to the interface with the ip address configuration command, as in the following example:
Router(config-if)# ip address 10.1.2.3 255.0.0.0 Router(config)#
Step 7 Verify that HDLC encapsulation is correct for this interface. If you need to change the encapsulation, use the encapsulation command:
Router(config-if)# encapsulation encapsulation-type Router(config)#
where encapsulation-type is one of the keywords hdlc or ppp.
Step 8 Verify that the default value for clock source is correct. The default value is line and is used whenever clocking is derived from the network.
The command clock source internal is typically used when two Cisco 12000 series routers are connected back-to-back or are connected over dark fiber where no clocking is available. In either case, each device should have its clock source set to internal.
Router(config-if)# clock source {line | internal}
Router(config)#
Step 9 Change the shutdown state to up and enable the interface:
Router(config-if)# no shutdown Router(config)#
The no shutdown command passes an enable command to the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card. It also causes the line card to configure itself based on the previous configuration commands sent.
Step 10 Turn off keepalive messages:
Router(config-if)# no keepalive Router(config)#
Cisco 12000 series routers do not require keepalive messages.
Step 11 Turn off the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP):
Router(config-if)# no cdp enable Router(config)#
Cisco 12000 series routers do not require CDP.
Step 12 Turn off IP multicast fast switching:
Router(config-if)# no mroute-cache Router(config)#
Step 13 Set the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) value to 16 (on both devices):
Router(config-if)# crc 16 Router(config)#
Step 14 Add any other configuration subcommands required to enable routing protocols and adjust the interface characteristics.
Step 15 When you have included all of the configuration subcommands to complete the configuration, enter ^Z (hold down the Control key while you press Z) to exit configuration mode.
Step 16 Write the new configuration to memory:
Router# copy running-config startup-config Router#
The system displays an OK message when the configuration has been stored.
After you have completed your configuration, you can check it using show commands. For an explanation of show commands, see the section "Using Show Commands to Check System Status."
This section documents new commands. Other commands used in line card configuration are documented in the Cisco IOS Release 11.2 and Cisco IOS Release 12.0 command reference publications.
You can change the default values of all 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card configuration parameters to match your network environment. Perform the tasks in the following sections to customize the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card configuration:
The 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card interface is referred to as pos in the configuration commands. An interface is created for each 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card found in the system at reset time.
Select a specific 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card interface by using the interface pos slot/port command:
Router(config)# interface pos slot/port Router(config)#
where slot is the number of the slot in which the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card is installed, and port is the port number.
Set framing to SONET OC or SDH STM by using the pos framing command. The default is sonet.
Router(config-if)# pos framing [sdh|sonet] Router(config-if)#
Specify values for specific elements of the frame header by using the pos flag command.
Router(config-if)# pos flag [c2 value] [j0 value] [s1s0 value] Router(config)#
where
Scramble the POS SPE payload by using the pos scramble-atm command. The default is no pos spe scramble.
Router(config-if)# [no] pos scramble-atm Router(config-if)#
This section documents commands for Modified Deficient Round Robin (MDRR) with Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED), defines the related values, and provides configuration procedures:
MDRR with WRED is supported on the 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(10)S and later versions of Release 12.0 S. The following example outlines an MDRR configuration. For additional information on configuring WRED, refer to the online publication, "Weighted Random Early Detection on the Cisco 12000 Series Router," available on the documentation CD-ROM or at http://www.cisco.com.
You create a COS queue group template to group together RED/WRED/DRR parameters that you want linked to different queues. The queue group lets you establish, say, two basic WRED parameter settings that you can apply to many different COS queues. By using a queue group, you need not reconfigure each interface and COS queue separately.
Step 1 To create a queue group template and enter COS queue group configuration mode:
Router(config)# cos-queue-group oc3-tx Router(config-cos-que)#
Step 2 To configure queue group values, set the weight used in calculating the average queue depth for this COS queue group:
Router(config-cos-que)# exponential-weighting-constant number Router(config-cos-que)#
Step 3 Map packets that have a particular IP precedence to a RED profile in this cos-queue-group:
Router(config-cos-que)# precedence {number|all} random-detect-label label
Router(config-cos-que)#
Step 4 Set RED drop criteria.
Router(config-cos-que)# random-detect-labellabel minimum-threshold maximum-threshold mark-probability Router(config-cos-que)#
Step 5 Set default values for the COS queue group.
Router(config-cos-que)# default Router(config-cos-que)#
The minimum-threshold, maximum-threshold and mark-probability parameters describe the actual RED curve. When the weighted queue average is below the minimum threshold, no packets will be dropped. When the weighted queue average is above the maximum queue threshold, all packets will be dropped until the average drops below the maximum threshold. When the average is between the minimum and the maximum thresholds, the probability that the packet is going to be dropped can be calculated by a straight line from the minimum threshold to the maximum threshold.
Step 6 Exit the COS queue group configuration mode and return to interface configuration mode:
Router(config-cos-que)# exit Router(config-if)#
Step 7 To configure RED for the transmit link queues and associate a COS queue group name with the transmit queues on this interface:
Router(config-if)# tx-cos name Router(config-if)#
Each COS interface queue can be configured independently. The RED parameters can be configured on a per-interface/per-IP precedence value.
Step 8 Exit interface configuration mode and return to global configuration mode:
Router(config-if)# exit Router(config)#
A line card sends packets to the switching fabric, addressing up to 16 destination slots. Depending on the line card type, a total of 128 queues (16 slots with 8 queues) or 2048 queues (16 slots, 16 interfaces per slot, 8 queues per interface) are available. In addition, there are eight COS queues for IP multicast traffic. Each COS queue can be configured independently. The RED parameters can be configured on a per-slot/per-IP precedence values.
Step 1 Define a slot table name and enter slot table configuration mode.
Router(config)# slot-table-cos name Router(config)#
Step 2 Define destination slot parameters for this slot table name.
Router(config)# destination-slot {number|all} name
Router(config)#
Step 3 Define multicast parameters for this slot table name.
Router(config)# multicast name Router(config)#
Step 4 Exit slot table name configuration mode and return to global configuration mode.
Router(config)# exit Router(config)#
Step 5 Link the slot-table-cos template to the line card where you want RED performed.
Router(config)# rx-cos-slot {number|all} name
Router(config)#
This section provides procedures that enable you to change WRED parameters, beginning in interface configuration mode. The default value for WRED exponential-weighting-constant is 1/2. This default is used in a COS queue group, when a random-detect-label is configured and associated with IP precedence levels, using the precedence command. Therefore, there is a default value for exponential-weighting-constant only if other WRED configuration exists for that COS queue group.
When you enable WRED with the random-detect command, you can optionally configure all values. See "Choosing Random Detect Label WRED Parameters" for additional information on choosing values.
Step 1 Select a specific 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card interface by using the interface pos slot/port command:
Router(config)# interface pos slot/port Router(config-if)#
Step 2 Configure the weight factor used in calculating the average queue length.
Router(config-if)# random-detect exponential-weighting-constant exponent Router(config-if)#
Step 3 Configure parameters for packets with a specific IP precedence. Repeat this command for each precedence. To configure RED, rather than WRED, use the same parameters for each precedence.
Router(config-if)# random-detect precedence precedence min-threshold max-threshold mark-prob-denominator Router(config-if)#
The router configuration listed below shows how these values are configured:
int pos 4/0 tx-cos oc3-tx cos-queue-group oc3-tx precedence 0 random-detect-label 0 precedence 1 random-detect-label 0 precedence 2 random-detect-label 0 precedence 3 queue 1 precedence 3 random-detect-label 0 precedence 4 queue 1 precedence 4 random-detect-label 1 precedence 5 queue 1 precedence 5 random-detect-label 1 precedence 6 queue 2 precedence 6 random-detect-label 1 precedence 7 queue low-latency precedence 7 random-detect-label 2 random-detect-label 0 6200 20668 1 random-detect-label 1 3200 10668 1 random-detect-label 2 1800 5000 1 queue 0 5 queue 2 15 queue low-latency strict-priority 1
The following information provides procedures on how to select starting values for the WRED configuration parameters when using various link speeds, such as DS3, OC3, or OC12:
Table 9 lists the values to use as a starting point for exponential-weighting-constant values if you decide to configure the WRED parameters.
The default value for WRED exponential-weighting-constant is 1/2. This default is used in a COS queue group, when a random-detect-label is configured and associated with IP precedence levels, using the precedence command.
| Link Speed | Exponential-weighting-constant |
|---|---|
DS3 | 9 |
OC3 | 10 |
OC12 | 12 |
The basic formula for establishing a starting value is as follows:
exponential-weighting-constant = 10/B
where B is the output link bandwidth in MTU-sized packets. We suggest that you use 1500 byte packets for the MTU even if you have MTU configured at 4470. For an OC3 link, the bandwidth (B) is determined as follows:
B = 155Mbps/(8bits/byte)/1500(bytes/packet) = 12917
For the following link speeds, B is
Link Speed | B |
DS3 | 3666 |
OC3 | 12917 |
OC12 | 51666 |
Continuing with calculating the value for an OC3 link results in the following:
exponential-weighting-constant = 10/B = 7.7419 E-4 for oc3
The exponential-weighting-constant is configured as a negative power of 2:
7.7419 E-4 ~= 2^-10
This result, approximately 2-10, gives the configuration value "10" for the exponential-weighting-constant.
A starting point for selecting the minimum threshold is to choose a value that is approximately 0.03 B. Table 10 shows the minimum threshold values for various link speeds.
| Link Speed | Min Threshold |
|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A starting point for selecting the maximum threshold is to choose a value that is approximately 0.1 B. Table 11 shows the minimum threshold values for various link speeds.
| Ink Speed | Max Threshold |
|---|---|
DS3 | 367 |
OC3 | 1292 |
OC12 | 5167 |
The maximum probability value should be set to "1."
Each Cisco 12000 series line card maintains information about its configuration, traffic, errors, and so on. You access this information by using the show commands. Following are descriptions and examples of the show commands that display line card information and system status.
Router# show interface pos 1/0
POS1/0 is down, line protocol is down
Hardware is Packet over SONET
Internet address is 11.1.1.1/24
MTU 4470 bytes, BW 155000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
Encapsulation PPP, crc 32, loopback not set
Keepalive set (5 sec)
Scramble enabled
LCP Closed
Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
Last input never, output never, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops
30 second input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
30 second output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 parity
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 applique, 0 interface resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
0 carrier transitions
Router#
Router# show diags
SLOT 0 (RP/LC 0 ): Route Processor
MAIN: type 19, 800-2427-01 rev D0 dev 16777215
HW config: 0xFF SW key: FF-FF-FF
PCA: 73-2170-03 rev C0 ver 3
HW version 1.4 S/N CAB02510BNY
MBUS: MBUS Agent (1) 73-2146-07 rev B0 dev 0
HW version 1.2 S/N CAB025008GT
Test hist: 0xFF RMA#: FF-FF-FF RMA hist: 0xFF
DIAG: Test count: 0xFFFFFFFF Test results: 0xFFFFFFFF
MBUS Agent Software version 01.40 (RAM) (ROM version is 01.33)
Using CAN Bus A
ROM Monitor version 175
Primary clock is CSC 1
Board is analyzed
Board State is IOS Running (PRI RP )
Insertion time: 00:00:02 (19:42:00 ago)
SLOT 1 (RP/LC 1 ): 16 Port Packet Over SONET OC-3c/STM-1 Multi Mode
MAIN: type 57, 800-5425-01 rev ;3 dev 0
HW config: 0x01 SW key: FF-FF-FF
PCA: 73-4050-02 rev 73 ver 2
HW version 1.1 S/N
MBUS: Unknown (65535) 65535-16777215-255 rev V7 dev 16777215
HW version 255.255 S/N
Test hist: 0xFF RMA#: FF-FF-FF RMA hist: 0xFF
DIAG: Test count: 0xFFFFFFFF Test results: 0xFFFFFFFF
L3 Engine: 2 - Backbone OC48 (2.5 Gbps)
MBUS Agent Software version 01.40 (RAM) (ROM version is 02.00)
Using CAN Bus A
ROM Monitor version 10.03
Fabric Downloader version used 03.02 (ROM version is 02.01)
Primary clock is CSC 1, Persistent LOS to slot 19
Board is analyzed
Board State is Line Card Enabled (IOS RUN )
Insertion time: 00:00:09 (19:41:57 ago)
DRAM size: 134217728 bytes
FrFab SDRAM size: 134217728 bytes, SDRAM pagesize: 8192 bytes
ToFab SDRAM size: 134217728 bytes, SDRAM pagesize: 8192 bytes
0 crashes since restart
Router#
Router# show version Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) GS Software (GSR-P-M), Version 12.0(20000126:054123) [dan] Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 26-Jan-00 00:41 by dancorn Image text-base: 0x60010908, data-base: 0x60F5A000 ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.0(10)GS5, [tamb 176] EARLY DEPLOYMENT RELEASE ) BOOTFLASH: GS Software (GSR-BOOT-M), Version 11.2(18)GS3, EARLY DEPLOYMENT RELE mfr14 uptime is 19 hours, 35 minutes System returned to ROM by reload at 02:25:10 EST Wed Jan 26 2000 System restarted at 02:26:37 EST Wed Jan 26 2000 cisco 12008/GRP (R5000) processor (revision 0x01) with 262144K bytes of memory. R5000 CPU at 200Mhz, Implementation 35, Rev 2.1, 512KB L2 Cache Last reset from power-on 2 Route Processor Cards 2 Clock Scheduler Cards 3 Switch Fabric Cards 1 four-port OC3 POS controller (4 POS). 1 16-port OC3 POS controller (16 POS). 1 four-port OC12 POS controller (4 POS). 1 OC12 Channelized to DS3 controller (1 OC12_CH_DS3) 1 OC12 Channelized to STS-3c POS controller (4 POS). 1 card with persistent LOS 1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 28 Packet over SONET network interface(s) 1 OC12 Channelized to DS3 interface(s), with a total of 12 channels 507K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 20480K bytes of Flash PCMCIA card at slot 0 (Sector size 128K). 8192K bytes of Flash internal SIMM (Sector size 256K). Configuration register is 0x0 Router#
Router# show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration: ! version 11.2 no service udp-small-servers no service tcp-small-servers ! hostname Maxwell ! enable secret 5 $1$ZBC0$tJO8EeP3VI769LAw.3edJ1 enable password xyzzy ! ip host ray 172.27.136.253 ip host crusty 171.69.209.28 ip domain-name cisco.com ip name-server 171.69.209.10 clock timezone EST -5 clock summer-time EDT recurring ! interface POS0/0 no ip address shutdown crc 32 ! interface POS0/1 no ip address shutdown crc 32 ! (remainder of displayed text omitted from example)
The following is an example of the output from configuration file commands for a Cisco 12000 series router (first router) with an 8xOC-3 POS or 16xOC-3 POS line card in slot 1 connected back-to-back with a Cisco 7500 series router (second router) with a Packet-Over-SONET internet protocol (POSIP) card in slot 3/0/0 (slot/port_adapter/port):
First router:
interface pos 1/0 ip address 10.1.2.3 255.0.0.0 clock source internal no shutdown no keepalive no cdp enable no ip mroute-cache crc 32
Second router:
interface pos 3/0/0 ip address 10.1.2.4 255.0.0.0 clock source internal no shutdown no keepalive no cdp enable crc 32
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to correct the interference at their own expense.
You can determine whether your equipment is causing interference by turning it off. If the interference stops, it was probably caused by the Cisco equipment or one of its peripheral devices. If the equipment causes interference to radio or television reception, try to correct the interference by using one or more of the following measures:
Modifications to this product not authorized by Cisco Systems, Inc. could void the FCC approval and negate your authority to operate the product.
This class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numerique de la classe A est conforme a la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
This apparatus complies with EN55022 Class A and EN50082-2 standard requirements in Europe.
This is a class A product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference from Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this is used near a radio or television receiver in a domestic environment, it may cause radio interference. Install and use the equipment according to the instruction manual.
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Posted: Wed May 31 16:56:47 PDT 2000
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