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This chapter describes the procedures for ensuring safety, preparing your site, and installing, replacing, and reconfiguring port adapter modules (PAMs) and carrier modules (CMs) in a LightStream 1010 chassis. PAM and CM modules are field-replaceable units (FRUs).
This chapter contains the following information:
This section describes the equipment requirements, the safety requirements, the power and cabling requirements, and the additional equipment you will need for installing the ATM CMs and PAMs in your LightStream 1010 chassis. Instructions for unpacking the system and additional equipment are provided in the Unpacking Instructions publication, which is attached to the outside of your shipping container.
This section includes information about the following preinstallation requirements:
 | Warning Read the installation instructions before you connect the system to its power source. |
| Warning Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install or replace this equipment. |
| Warning Metal objects heat up when connected to power and ground, and can cause serious burns. |
| Warning Before working on a system that has an on/off switch, turn OFF the power and unplug the power cord. |
| Warning This unit might have more than one power cord. To reduce the risk of electric shock, disconnect the two power-supply cords before servicing the unit. |
Follow these guidelines when working with any electrical equipment:
In addition, use the guidelines that follow when working with any equipment that is disconnected from a power source but still connected to telephone wiring or other
network cabling.
| Warning Do not work on the system or connect or disconnect cables during periods of lightning activity. |
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage, which occurs when electronic cards or components are improperly handled, can result in complete or intermittent failures. The ASP and PAMs each consist of a printed circuit card that is fixed in a metal carrier. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and connectors are integral components of the carrier. Although the metal carrier helps to protect the cards from ESD, use a preventive antistatic strap whenever you handle the ASP or PAMs. Handle the carriers by the carrier edges only; never touch the cards or connector pins.
 | Caution Always tighten the captive installation screws on the ASP and PAMs when you are installing them. These screws prevent accidental removal of the ASP, CMs, and PAMs, provide proper grounding for the system, and help to ensure that the bus connectors are properly seated in the backplane. |
Follow these guidelines for preventing ESD damage:
| Caution For safety, periodically check the resistance value of the antistatic strap. The measurement should be between 1 and 10 megohms (Mohms). |
When preparing your site for network connections to the switch, consider numerous factors related to each type of interface:
The length of your networks and the distances between connections depend on the type of signal, the signal speed, and the transmission media (the type of cabling used to transmit the signals). For example, fiber-optic cable has a greater channel capacity than twisted-pair cabling.
The following distance limits are provided as guidelines for planning your network connections before installation.
The maximum distances for ATM network segments and connections depend on the type of transmission cable used, for example, unshielded twisted-pair (UTP), single-mode, or multimode fiber-optic cable.
Networking standards set recommended maximum distances between stations using fiber-optic and UTP cable. The recommended maximum cable lengths are listed in Table 2-1.
| Transceiver Speed | Cable Type | Maximum Distance between Stations |
|---|---|---|
OC3, 155 Mbps | Category 5 UTP | 328 feet (100 meters) |
OC3, 155 Mbps | Single-mode fiber | 9 miles (15 km) |
OC3, 155 Mbps | Single-mode fiber, extended reach + | 18 miles (30 km) |
OC3, 155 Mbps | Single-mode fiber, long reach | 25 miles (40 km) |
OC3, 155 Mbps | Multimode fiber | 1.2 miles (2 km) |
OC12, 622 Mbps | Single-mode fiber | 9 miles (15 km) |
OC12, 622 Mbps | Single-mode fiber, long reach | 25 miles (40 km)1 |
OC12, 622 Mbps | Multimode fiber | 1,640 feet (500 meters) |
DS-3, 45 Mbps | Coaxial cable | 450 feet (137 meters) |
E3, 34 Mbps | Coaxial cable | 450 feet (137 meters) |
T1, 1.544 Mbps | Category 5 twisted-pair | 650 feet (198 meters) |
E1, 2.048 Mbps | Category 5 twisted-pair and STP (120-ohm) | 650 feet (198 meters) |
E1, 2.048 Mbps | Coaxial cable (75-ohm) | 650 feet (198 meters) |
CES T1 | Category 5 twisted-pair and STP | 650 feet (198 meters) |
CES E1 | Category 5 twisted-pair and STP (120-ohm) | 650 feet (198 meters) |
CES E1 | Coaxial cable (75-ohm) | 650 feet (198 meters) |
25 Mbps | Category 5 UTP | 328 feet (100 meters) |
| 1If attaching a short cable to the OC12, 622-Mbps long-reach PAM, you must add 10 dBm of attenuation to the cable or the transmitter might overdrive the receiver and introduce data errors. |
All ATM interfaces are full duplex.You must use the appropriate ATM interface cable to connect the ATM multimode, single-mode, or UTP PAM with an external ATM network.
For fiber-optic traffic over multimode, single-mode, single-mode extended-reach, or single-mode long-reach, use the SC-type connector to connect the 155-Mbps and 622-Mbps PAMs with the external connection.
| Warning Invisible laser radiation can be emitted from the aperture ports of the single-mode Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) card when no cable is connected. Avoid exposure and do not stare into open apertures. |
The fiber-optic connector (SC-type) is shown in Figure 2-2.
For UTP traffic, use the RJ-45 connector (Figure 2-3) to connect the PAMs with the external ATM switch.
Table B-1, in the appendix "PAM Cabling Specifications," lists the signals for the 155-Mbps UTP PAM RJ-45 connector.
For T1 and E1 or T1 and E1 CES PAMs, use the RJ-48c connector (Figure 2-3) to connect the PAMs with the external network.
For T1, CES T1, E1, and CES E1 traffic, use the RJ-48c connector to connect the PAM with the external T1 CSU.
Table B-2, in the appendix "PAM Cabling Specifications," lists the signals for the RJ-48c T1, E1, CS T1, and CES E1 connectors.
For DS3, E3, E1, and CES E1 connections, use the 75- and 120-ohm (120-ohms in the RJ cables) RG-59 coaxial cable (Figure 2-4), which has bayonet-style, twist-lock (BNC) connectors to connect the E1, DS3, and E3 PAM with the external ATM switch.
This cable is not shipped with the CES E1 (BNC) PAM. You can order this item separately using Cisco part number 72-0875-01.
This section discusses how to limit the EMI susceptibility of the CES E1, E1, and E3 BNC connections, and how to connect the 25-Mbps multiple connection cable from the PAM to the wiring closet.
Networking equipment is subject to problems with electromagnetic interference, due to a loss of grounding integrity, EMI radiated form the PAM or other installed boards, and circuit susceptibility to radiated EMI from other sources.
A capacitor clip is available for use with BNC connectors to reduce the emissions radiated from the receive (RX) port.
The capacitor clip has two spring-loaded clamps that enable the device to be secured over the mated BNC connectors on each RX port of a BNC connector. Detail B of Figure 2-5 shows you how to install these clips.
| Caution Compliance with European certification standards is contingent upon the use of these capacitor clips on PAMs with BNC connectors. |
These capacitor clips do not ship with PAMs. You can order them separately using Cisco part number CLIP-EMI-BNC-ATM.
For 25-Mbps PAM connections, use the special 96-pin Molex to 12-RJ-45 multileg cable (Figure 2-6) to connect the switch to the wiring closet patch panel.
| Caution To avoid receiving erroneous failure messages, allow at least 15 seconds for the system to reinitialize. Note the current configuration of all interfaces before you remove or insert another PAM. |
All CMs and PAMs support hot swapping, which allows you to install, remove, replace, and rearrange the CMs or PAMs without turning off the system power. When the system detects that a CM or PAM is installed or removed, it automatically runs diagnostic and discovery routines, acknowledges the presence or absence of the PAM, and resumes system operation without any operator intervention.
| Caution All CMs or PAMs support hot swapping. The ASP is a required system component. Removing an ASP while the system is operating causes the system to shut down and can damage the processor. |
When you remove and replace CMs and PAMs, the system provides status messages on the console screen. The messages are for information only. In the following sample display, you can follow the events logged by the system when a PAM is removed from slot 3/0. When the PAM is reinserted, the system marks the module as ready again.
Switch# %OIR-6-REMCARD: Card removed from slot 3/0, interfaces disabled %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface 155UTP 3/0, changed state to administratively down %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface 155UTP 3/0, changed state to administratively down Switch# %OIR-6-INSCARD: Card inserted in slot 3/0, interfaces administratively shut down %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface 155UTP 3/0, changed state to up %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface 155UTP 3/0, changed state to up Switch#
The ejector levers and captive installation screws (Figure 2-7) align and seat the card connectors in the backplane. Follow the installation and removal instructions carefully, and avoid the following incorrect insertion practices:
It is important to use the ejector levers and captive installation screws when removing an ASP, CM, or PAM, to ensure that the card connector pins disconnect from the backplane in the logical sequence expected by the system. Any ASP, CM, or PAM that is only partially connected to the backplane can hang the bus. Detailed steps for correctly performing hot swapping are included in the following procedures for installing and removing CMs or PAMs. For more information, see the explanation "To avoid receiving erroneous failure messages, allow at least 15 seconds for the system to reinitialize. Note the current configuration of all interfaces before you remove or insert another PAM." earlier in this section.
Following are detailed steps for removing and replacing CMs or PAMs and successfully performing hot swapping. Figure 2-7 shows the ejector levers and captive installation screw, which you must use when inserting or removing the CMs.
You need a 3/16-inch flat-blade screwdriver to remove any filler (blank) PAMs and to tighten the captive installation screws that secure the CMs and PAMs in their slots. Whenever you handle CMs or PAMs, you should use a wrist strap or other grounding device to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage. See the section "Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage."
This section explains the procedures for removing or installing CMs and PAMs.
Take these steps to remove a CM:
Step 1 Disconnect all cables from the PAM that is going to be removed.
| Caution Failure to disconnect cables could damage the PAMs. |
Step 2 Loosen the captive installation screws at the left and right sides of the CM with a screwdriver.
Step 3 Place your thumbs on the left and right ejector levers and simultaneously push the left lever left and the right lever right to release the CM from the backplane connector.
Step 4 Grasp the CM faceplate with one hand and place your other hand under the carrier to support and guide the module out of the slot. Avoid touching the card.
Step 5 Pull the CM straight out of the slot carefully, keeping your other hand under the carrier to guide it. Keep the module at a 90-degree orientation to the backplane.
Step 6 Place the removed CM on an antistatic mat or antistatic foam, or immediately install it in another slot.
Step 7 Install a module filler plate (product number WATM-CAM-2P=) if the CM slot is to remain empty to keep dust out of the chassis and to maintain proper airflow through the module compartment.
| Caution Always install the CM filler plate in empty slots to maintain the proper flow of cooling air across the cards. |
Take these steps to remove a PAM:
Step 1 Disconnect all cables from the PAM that is going to be removed.
| Caution Failure to disconnect cables could damage the PAMs. |
Step 2 Loosen the captive screw in the center of the PAM. As you loosen the captive screw in the PAM, it will disengage from the CM interface at the rear of the module.
Step 3 Pull the PAM straight out of the CM slot carefully, keeping your other hand under the carrier to guide it. Keep the module at a 90-degree orientation to the backplane.
Step 4 Place the PAM on an antistatic mat for antistatic foam, or immediately install it in another CM.
You can install CMs in any of the four CM slots numbered 0 through 4 from top to bottom when viewing the chassis from the front. (See Figure 2-8.) The middle slot (number 2) contains the ASP, which is a required system component. Blank CM and PAM fillers are installed in empty CM or PAM slots to maintain consistent airflow through the module compartment.
Take these steps to install a CM:
| Caution Handle the CM by the carrier edges only to prevent ESD damage. |
Step 1 Ensure that there is enough clearance to accommodate any interface equipment that you connect directly to the CM ports. If possible, install CMs between empty slots that contain only module filler plates.
Step 2 Secure the CM with the two captive installation screws. Use a 1/4-inch flat-blade screwdriver to loosen the captive installation screws and remove the CM filler (or the existing CM) from the slot you want to use.
Step 3 Hold the CM faceplate with one hand, and place your other hand under the carrier and guide it into the slot. Avoid touching the card. (See Figure 2-9.)
Step 4 Place the back of the CM in the slot and align the notch on each side of the module carrier with the groove in the slot.
Step 5 Keep the CM at a 90-degree orientation to the backplane and carefully slide it into the slot until the faceplate makes contact with the ejector levers.
Step 6 Use the thumb and forefinger of each hand to simultaneously push the left lever and the right lever in until the CM is fully seated in the backplane connector.
| Caution Always use the ejector levers when installing or removing the CM. Leaving a module only partially seated in the backplane causes the system to halt and subsequently crash. |
Step 7 Use a screwdriver to tighten the captive installation screws on the left and right ends of the CM.
Step 8 Attach network interface cables or other devices to the interface ports.
Step 9 Turn the power back on. See the section "Starting the System" in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Hardware Installation Guide or Catalyst 5000 Series Installation Guide.
Step 10 Check the status of the interfaces as follows:
Following are installation steps for the PAMs. All PAMs support hot swapping, and can be removed or installed while the system is operating.
Step 1 Choose a PAM slot in a CM (see Figure 2-10) and ensure that there is enough clearance to accommodate any interface equipment that you connect directly to the PAM ports. If possible, place PAMs between empty slots that contain only PAM filler plates.
| Caution Handle PAMs by the carrier edges only to prevent ESD damage. |
Step 2 Place the back of the PAM in the slot and align the notch on the sides of the module carrier with the groove in the slot. (See Figure 2-11.)
Step 3 Hold the PAM by both sides and guide it into the slot. Avoid touching the PAM's components.
Step 4 Keep the PAM at a 90-degree orientation to the backplane and carefully slide the PAM into the slot until the faceplate makes contact with the CM faceplate.
Step 5 Use a 1/4-inch flat-blade screwdriver to tighten the captive installation screw in the center of the PAM faceplate and draw the PAM into the CM connector until the PAM faceplate is flush with the CM faceplate and the CM is fully seated in the connector. (See Figure 2-11.)
Step 6 Attach network interface cables or other devices to the interface ports.
| Caution Always use the captive screw when installing or removing PAMs. Leaving a module only partially seated in the CM connector causes the system to halt and subsequently crash. |
Step 7 Check the status of the interfaces as follows:
Each interface (or port) in the switch is designated by several different types of addresses. The physical interface address is the actual physical location (card/subcard/port) of the interface connector within the chassis. The system software uses the physical addresses to control activity within the switch and to display status information. These physical card/subcard/port addresses are not used by other devices in the network; they are specific to the individual switch and its internal components and software.
The following sections describe how the LightStream 1010 switch assigns and controls both the physical (card/subcard/port) and Media Access Control (MAC)-layer addresses for interfaces within the chassis.
In the LightStream 1010 switch, port IDs specify the actual physical location of each PAM port on the front of the switch. (See Figure 2-12.) The address is composed of a three-part number in the format card/subcard/port.
The first number identifies the slot in which the module is installed. Module slots are numbered 0 to 4 from top to bottom. The second number identifies the subcard or PAM number. The PAMs are numbered 0 and 1, with 0 being the left PAM facing the front of the switch. The third number identifies the physical port number on the module. The port numbers always begin at 0 and are numbered from the left port to the right port, facing the front of the switch. The number of additional ports (/1, /2, and so on) depends on the number of ports available on the module.
Interface ports maintain the same port ID regardless of whether other modules are installed or removed. However, when you move a module to a different slot, the first number in the address changes to reflect the new slot number.
For example, on a four-port 155-Mbps UTP PAM in chassis slot 1 in PAM slot 0, the address of the left port is 1/0/0 and the address of the right port is 1/0/3. If you remove the four-port 155-Mbps UTP PAM from slot 1 and install it in slot 4, the addresses of those same ports become 4/0/0 and 4/0/3.
You can identify module ports by physically checking the card/subcard/port location on the front of the switch. You can also use software commands to display information about a specific interface, or all interfaces, in the switch. To display information about every interface, use the show interface command without parameters. To display information about a specific interface, use the show interface command with the interface type and port address in the format show interface atm card/subcard/port. This command is described in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication.
The PAMs support different media and interface types. The configuration commands used with these different PAMs vary according to PAM type. Refer to the "Configuring the Interface" section of each chapter (appropriate to the PAM you are installing) for basic configuration commands.
For complete PAM configuration information, refer to the publications LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide and the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference.
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