Configuring the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Processor

This chapter discusses the initial configuration of the LightStream 1010 ATM switch processor (ASP). The LightStream 1010 features have default values already assigned to suit most environments. However, you might want to customize them to suit your environment.

The LightStream 1010 is shipped with the ATM address autoconfigured to an address assigned by Cisco Systems. This feature lets the switch automatically configure attached end systems using the Interim Local Management Interface (ILMI) protocol and automatically establishes itself as a node in a single-level Private Network-Network Interface (PNNI) routing domain.

Note Both the ATM routing modes, PNNI and IISP, functionalities are available in the LightStream 1010 PNNI software image. The default routing mode is PNNI. To restrict the routing mode to static (analogous to 11.1 Release IISP image), configure the routing mode to static by using the atm routing-mode static global configuration command. Please refer to the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide for more information.

The ILMI and PNNI protocols, when used with such IP address autoconfiguration mechanisms as BOOTP, allow the LightStream 1010 switch processor to be entirely self-configured. Through network management applications and the text-based command line interface (CLI), the switch's network operator has the capability to configure and customize all aspects of the operation of the switch.

An IP address must be assigned to allow up to eight simultaneous Telnet sessions to connect to the switch or to use Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) network management for the switch. The Ethernet IP address can be assigned either manually or by a BOOTP server. See the section "Configuring Ethernet IP Interface Parameters."

Note If your Telnet station or SNMP network management workstation is on a different network from the switch, a static routing table entry must also be added to the routing table. Use the configure ip route command to set the static routing table entry.

For definitions of all commands discussed in this chapter, refer to the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication.

The following sections describe how to initially configure the LightStream 1010 switch:

Note Table 5-2 in the chapter "Checking the ASP Installation" describes commands that can be used to confirm that the hardware, software, and interfaces for the LightStream 1010 switch are configured as intended.

Before You Begin

If you want to configure some additional features, you might need the following information before you can begin your LightStream 1010 switch configuration:

Media Access Control (MAC) address of the Ethernet port if you want to configure a BOOTP server to inform the switch of its Ethernet IP address and mask
ATM address assigned by your system administrator if you want to configure a new ATM address for the switch (an autoconfigured ATM address is assigned by Cisco Systems)
IP address of the Ethernet port if not using BOOTP
Netmask address if you want to configure the Ethernet port on the ASP
Broadcast address if you want to configure the Ethernet port on the ASP

Before you configure your switch, complete the worksheets in the section "Port Configuration Worksheets" in the appendix "Configuration Worksheets" of the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide.

Complete all interface and power connections described in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Hardware Installation Guide and the port adapter module connections described in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch PAM Installation Guide before beginning to configure the switch.

Powering Up Your System

Before powering up your system, check for correct AC power voltages. See the appendix "System Chassis Specifications" for correct AC power voltages of the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Hardware Installation Guide.

Verifying Installed LightStream 1010 Software and Hardware

When you first power up your console and LightStream 1010 switch, a screen similar to the following appears:

              Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
           cisco Systems, Inc.
           170 West Tasman Drive
           San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) PNNI Software (LS1010-P-M), Version 11.2(2) WA3(1)a,
Copyright (c) 1986-1997 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 10-Apr-97 06:11 by
Image text-base: 0x600108C0, data-base: 0x602E8000

The first section of the script displays the banner information, including the software version.

Note In the previous example, LS1010-P-M means that the PNNI software image is loaded.

The next portion of the script lists installed hardware configuration.

cisco ASP1 (R4600) processor with 16384K bytes of memory.
R4600 processor, Implementation 32, Revision 2.0
Last reset from power-on
1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface.
16 ATM network interfaces.
125K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
8192K bytes of Flash PCMCIA card at slot 0 (Sector size 128K).
8192K bytes of Flash internal SIMM (Sector size 256K).
Press RETURN to get started!
Switch>

Use the show hardware command to confirm installed hardware part and serial numbers:

Switch# show hardware

LS1010 named Switch, Date: 15:28:50 UTC Thu Dec 19 1996
Feature Card's FPGA Download Version: 8
Slot Ctrlr-Type    Part No.  Rev  Ser No  Mfg Date   RMA No. Hw Vrs  Tst EEP
---- ------------  ---------- -- -------- --------- -------- ------- --- -
0/0  155UTP PAM    73-1572-02 01 02749041 Jan 17 96 00-00-00   3.0     0   2
0/1  155MM PAM     73-1496-03 06 02180424 Jan 16 96 00-00-00   3.0     0   2
1/0  155MM PAM     73-1496-03 06 02180444 Jan 17 96 00-00-00   3.0     0   2
1/1  155MM PAM     73-1496-03 06 02202228 Jan 11 96 00-00-00   3.0     0   2
2/0  ATM Swi/Proc  73-1402-04 A0 03827617 Oct 19 96 00-00-00   3.2     0   2
2/1  FeatureCard1  73-1405-03 B0 03825722 Oct 19 96 00-00-00   3.2     0   2
DS1201 Backplane EEPROM:
Model  Ver.  Serial  MAC-Address  MAC-Size  RMA  RMA-Number   MFG-Date
------ ---- -------- ------------ --------  ---  ----------  -----------
LS1010  2   68000003 00400B0A1080   256      0        0      Jan 19 1996
Switch#

The LightStream 1010 switch should be operating correctly and transferring data. To confirm that the hardware and software installation and configuration procedures were successful, see the chapter "Checking the ASP Installation."

BOOTP Server Configuration

The LightStream 1010 Ethernet IP address can be automatically assigned using the BOOTP protocol by adding the MAC and IP addresses of the Ethernet port to the BOOTP server configuration file. When the switch boots, it automatically retrieves the IP address from the BOOTP server.

The switch performs a BOOTP request only if the current IP address is set to 0.0.0.0. (This setting is the default for a new switch or a switch that has had its configuration file cleared using the erase startup-config command.)

To allow your LightStream 1010 switch to retrieve its IP address from a BOOTP server, find the MAC address label attached to the front of the switch. Add that MAC address to the BOOTP configuration file on the BOOTP server.

The following tasks provide an example of creating a BOOTP server configuration file:

Task Command

Install the BOOTP server code on the workstation if it is not already installed.

None

The switch MAC address is printed on a label attached to the front of the switch.

None

Add an entry in the BOOTP configuration file (usually /usr/etc/bootptab) for each switch. Press Return after each entry to create a blank line between each entry. Figure 4-1 is an example of a server BOOTP configuration file.

None

Restart the LightStream 1010 to automatically request the IP address from the BOOTP server.

Restart

Task	Command
Install the BOOTP server code on the workstation if it is not already installed.	None
The switch MAC address is printed on a label attached to the front of the switch.	None
Add an entry in the BOOTP configuration file (usually /usr/etc/bootptab) for each switch. Press Return after each entry to create a blank line between each entry. Figure 4-1 is an example of a server BOOTP configuration file.	None
Restart the LightStream 1010 to automatically request the IP address from the BOOTP server.	Restart

Figure 4-1: Example of a Server BOOTP Configuration File

# /etc/bootptab: database for bootp server (/etc/bootpd)
#
# Blank lines and lines beginning with '#' are ignored.
#
# Legend:
#
#       first field -- hostname
#                       (may be full domain name and probably should be)
#
#       hd -- home directory
#       bf -- bootfile
#       cs -- cookie servers
#       ds -- domain name servers
#       gw -- gateways
#       ha -- hardware address
#       ht -- hardware type
#       im -- impress servers
#       ip -- host IP address
#       lg -- log servers
#       lp -- LPR servers
#       ns -- IEN-116 name servers
#       rl -- resource location protocol servers
#       sm -- subnet mask
#       tc -- template host (points to similar host entry)
#       to -- time offset (seconds)
#       ts -- time servers
#
# Be careful about including backslashes where they're needed. Weird (bad)
# things can happen when a backslash is omitted where one is intended.
#
# First, we define a global entry which specifies the stuff every host 
uses.
<information deleted>
########################################################################
#
# Start of individual host entries
########################################################################
#
switch:         tc=netcisco0:   ha=0000.0ca7.ce00:      ip=192.31.7.97:
dross:          tc=netcisco0:   ha=00000c000139:        ip=192.31.7.26:
<information deleted>

ATM Address Configuration

The LightStream 1010 ATM switch is autoconfigured with an ATM address using a hierarchical addressing model similar to the Open System Interconnection (OSI) network service access point (NSAP) addresses. PNNI uses this hierarchy to construct ATM peer groups.

Note The most important rule in the addressing scheme is to maintain the uniqueness of the address across large networks.

Autoconfigured ATM Addressing Scheme

During the initial startup, the LightStream 1010 generates an ATM address using the defaults shown in Figure 4-2.

Figure 4-2: ATM Address Format

Authority Format Identifier (AFI)---1 byte
Cisco-specific International Code Designator (ICD)---2 bytes
Cisco-specific information---4 bytes
Unique MAC address---6 bytes (used to distinguish multiple switches)

Note In the address, the first 13 bytes comprise a switch prefix used by ILMI in assigning addresses to end systems connected to user-to-network interface (UNI) ports.

MAC address of the switch---6 bytes (used to distinguish multiple end systems attached to the same switch)

Note Both MAC address fields are the same.

Selector---1 byte

The ATM address for the switch uses a hierarchical addressing model similar to the OSI NSAP addresses. PNNI uses this hierarchy to construct ATM peer groups. ILMI uses the first 13 bytes of this address as the switch prefix that it registers with end systems.

Default Address Format Features and Implications

Using the default address format has the following features and implications:

Switches other than LightStream 1010 ATM switches can be manually configured using the Cisco autoconfigured address format. This allows them to be used in a single-level PNNI routing domain consisting primarily of autoconfigured LightStream 1010 ATM switches. A globally unique MAC address must be used to generate the ATM address.
The same MAC address can be used for bytes 8 through 13 and bytes 14 through 19.
This address assignment format is relatively flat. To achieve scalable hierarchical network organization the ATM routing addresses must be changed when connecting to a large ATM network with multiple levels of PNNI hierarchy.
Summary addresses less than 13 bytes long should not be used with autoconfigured ATM addresses. Other switches with autoconfigured ATM addresses matching the summary might exist outside the default peer group.

Manually Setting the ATM Address

To configure a new ATM address that replaces the previous ATM address when running IISP software only, see the section "Configure the ATM Address" in the chapter "Configuring ILMI" in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide.

To configure a new ATM address that replaces the previous ATM address and generates a new PNNI node ID and peer group ID, see the section "Configure PNNI Node" in the chapter "Configuring PNNI" in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide.

Multiple addresses can be configured for a single switch and this configuration can be used during ATM address migration. ILMI registers end systems with multiple prefixes during this period until an old address is removed. PNNI automatically summarizes all of the switch prefixes in its reachable address advertisement.

If operation with ATM addresses other than the autoconfigured ATM address is desired, use the atm address command to manually assign a 20-byte ATM address to the switch. The atm address command address_template variable can be a full 20-byte address or a 13-byte prefix followed by ellipsis (...). Entering the ellipsis automatically adds one of the switch's 6-byte MAC addresses in the ESI portion and 0 in the selector portion of the address.

Caution ATM addressing can lead to conflicts if not configured correctly. The correct address must always be present. For instance, if you are configuring a new ATM address, the old one must be completely removed from the configuration.

To set the ATM address manually, refer to the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide.

Configuring the Interfaces

When the switch is powered on initially without any previous configuration data, the ATM interfaces are automatically configured on the physical ports. ILMI and the physical card type are used to automatically derive the ATM interface type, UNI version, maximum virtual path identifier (VPI) and virtual channel identifier (VCI) bits, ATM interface side, and ATM UNI type.

Default ATM Interface Configuration Without Autoconfiguration

If ILMI was disabled or if the connecting end node does not support ILMI, defaults are assigned to all interfaces. This information is described in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch PAM Installation Guide.

Configuring Ethernet IP Interface Parameters

Three different IP addresses can be configured on the LightStream 1010: IP address for the Ethernet port, classical IP over ATM, and a LAN Emulation (LANE) client. Each IP address is configured using one of the following methods:

Ethernet port---Can be configured either from the BOOTP server or using the interface ethernet 2/0/0 ip address command
Classical IP over ATM---See the section "Configure Classical IP Over ATM Example" in the chapter "Configuring the LAN and IP Over ATM Clients" in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide
LANE client---See the section "Configuring LAN Emulation Client Example" in the chapter "Configuring the LAN and IP Over ATM Clients" in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide

Note These IP connections are used only with network management.

Configure the interface to communicate with the switch central processor unit (CPU) or Ethernet interface 2/0/0.

Note If the ASP is installed in the Catalyst 5500 switch chassis, the CPU Ethernet interface is 13/0/0.

Provide the IP address and subnet mask bits for the interface as follows:

IP address

: Default: None

Subnet mask bits

: Default: 0

See the chapter "Initially Configuring the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch" in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide for detailed IP configuration information.

Configuring Network Routing

Both the ATM routing modes, PNNI and IISP, functionalities are available in the LightStream 1010 PNNI software image. The default routing mode is PNNI. To restrict the routing mode to static (analogous to 11.1 Release IISP image) configure the routing mode to static by using the atm routing-mode static global configuration command. Please refer to the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide for more information.

The following section describes modifications that might be made to the default PNNI or IISP routing configurations:

For detailed descriptions of these routing protocols see the section "ATM Routing" in the chapter "What is the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch?" in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide

Configuring PNNI Connections

The PNNI routing protocol automatically creates peer groups that are a collection of logical nodes, each of which exchanges information with the other members of the group, so that all members maintain an identical view of the group. For example, hellos, database synchronization, and flooding are carried out among members of the same peer group. All members of the same peer group must have the same 13-byte PNNI prefix in the ATM address. A peer group can be considered similar to either open shortest path first (OSPF) or IP routing domains, depending on usage.

This peer group configuration information is in the hierarchy database stored within each switch and updated regularly.

The following section discusses manually configuring two autonomous peer groups to create one single peer group.

Peer Group ID Modification

To manually configure two autonomous peer groups into one, all members of the peer group must have the same peer group ID in their ATM address. The following sections describe the manual PNNI peer-group modification process:

Using show atm pnni node id to determine peer-group ID
Using atm address to manually change peer-group ID
Configuring ATM Routes for IISP or PNNI

Using show atm pnni node id to Determine Peer-Group ID

Use the show atm pnni node-id command to determine which peer-group IDs to modify:

Task Command

Display ATM address prefix

show atm pnni node-id

Task	Command
Display ATM address prefix	show atm pnni node-id

Example

Switch# show atm pnni node-id

  Node    Node Id
  ----    -------
  1       56:160:47.000000000000000000000000.000000005656.00
Switch#

Using atm address to Manually Change Peer-Group ID

The atm address command assigns a 20-byte ATM address to the switch. See the section "ATM Address Configuration" for a complete description of this command.

Multiple addresses can be configured for a single switch and can be used during address migration. ILMI registers end systems with multiple prefixes during this period until an old address is removed. PNNI automatically summarizes all switch prefixes in its reachable address advertisement.

To configure the ATM address manually, use the following commands. Use the no form of these commands to disable

Task Command

At the privileged EXEC prompt, enter configuration mode from the terminal.

configure¹
[terminal]

Change 13-byte ATM prefix in the ATM address to match the desired switch prefix.

atm address 13_byte_switch _prefix ...

Delete the old ATM address.

no atm address 13_byte_switch_prefix ...

Start PNNI configuration mode.

atm router pnni

Disable the node.

atm node 1 disable

Enable the node.

atm node 1 enable

Restart PNNI to force it to read the new node IDs.

restart pnni

¹This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication.

:

Task	Command
At the privileged EXEC prompt, enter configuration mode from the terminal.	configure¹ [terminal]
Change 13-byte ATM prefix in the ATM address to match the desired switch prefix.	atm address 13_byte_switch _prefix ...
Delete the old ATM address.	no atm address 13_byte_switch_prefix ...
Start PNNI configuration mode.	atm router pnni
Disable the node.	atm node 1 disable
Enable the node.	atm node 1 enable
Restart PNNI to force it to read the new node IDs.	restart pnni

Example

The following steps illustrate a manual peer-group configuration.

Step 1 Adds the ATM address prefix 47.0091.8100.5670.000.0ca7.ce01, (...), and adds the default MAC address as the last 6 bytes.

Step 2 Deletes the old ATM address prefix.

Step 3 Starts PNNI configuration mode.

Step 4 Disables ATM node 1.

Step 5 Reenables node 1.

Step 6 Restarts PNNI.

Switch(config)# atm address 47.0091.8100.5670.0000.0ca7.ce01...

Switch(config)# no atm address 47.0091.8100.1200.0000.0ca7.ce01...

Switch(config)# atm router pnni

Switch(config)# atm node 1 disable

Switch(config)# atm node 1 enable

Switch(config)# restart pnni

Configuring ATM Routes for IISP or PNNI

Use the atm route command to configure a static route. A static route attached to an interface allows all ATM address prefixes where the static route is a match to be reached through that interface.

Note Two PNNI peer groups can be connected using the IISP protocol. This requires a static route to be configured on the IISP interfaces to allow connections to be set up across the IISP link(s).

Figure 4-3 is an example of the atm route command configuring a static route to the 13-byte switch prefix = 47.0091.8100.567.0000.0ca7.ce01 to interface 3/0/0.

Figure 4-3: Example of the atm route Command

Switch(config)# atm route 47.0091.8100.567.0000.0ca7.ce01 atm 3/0/0

Switch(config)#

Configuring Additional Features

See the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide for more configuration information.

Configuring the System Information

Although not required, several system parameters should be set as part of the initial system configuration. These system information commands make troubleshooting and configuring the switches easier. To set the system parameters, perform the following tasks in EXEC mode:

Task Command

Set the system clock.

clock set hh:mm:ss

At the privileged EXEC prompt, enter the configuration mode from the terminal.

configure¹
[terminal]

Set the system name.

hostname name_string

¹This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication.

Task	Command
Set the system clock.	clock set hh:mm:ss
At the privileged EXEC prompt, enter the configuration mode from the terminal.	configure¹ [terminal]
Set the system name.	hostname name_string

Syntax Description

hh:mm:ss---Current time in hours (military format), minutes, and seconds.
name_string---Desired name of the switch.

Configuring SNMP Management

SNMP, an application-layer protocol, facilitates the exchange of Management Information Bases (MIBs) between network devices. SNMP community strings authenticate access to the MIB and function as embedded "passwords."

To manually configure the LightStream 1010 SNMP, refer to the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Software Configuration Guide. For definitions of all commands discussed in this chapter, refer to the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication.

Storing the Configuration at Startup

When autoconfiguration and any manual configurations are complete, copy the configuration into nonvolatile random-access memory (NVRAM). If you power off your LightStream 1010 switch prior to saving the configuration in NVRAM, all manual configuration changes are lost. Figure 4-4 is an example of the copy running-config startup-config command.

Figure 4-4: Storing Configuration in NVRAM Example

Switch# copy running-config startup-config

Warning: Attempting to overwrite an NVRAM configuration previously written
by a different version of the system image.
Overwrite the previous NVRAM configuration?[confirm]
Building configuration...
[OK]Switch#

Note See the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication for detailed descriptions and examples of the commands used to configure the LightStream 1010 switch.

Table of Contents

Configuring the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Processor

Example

Example

Syntax Description