Using Cisco IOS Software

This chapter describes what you need to know about the Cisco IOS software (the software that runs the access server) before you configure the access server using the command-line interface (CLI). This chapter includes:

Understanding these concepts will save you time later. If you have never used the Cisco IOS software or need a refresher, take a few minutes to read this chapter now.

If you are already familiar with the Cisco IOS software, proceed to the next chapter, "Basic Configuration."

Getting Help

Use the question mark (?) and arrow keys to help you enter commands:

For a list of available commands, enter a question mark:

5300> ?

To complete a command, enter a few known characters followed by a question mark (with no space):

5300> s?

For a list of command variables, enter the command followed by a space and a question mark:

5300> show ?

To redisplay a command you previously entered, press the up arrow key. You can continue to press the up arrow key for more commands.

You will need to use many different command modes to use to configure the access server. Each command mode restricts you to a subset of commands. If you are having trouble entering a command, check the prompt, and then enter the question mark (?) for a list of available commands. You might be in the wrong command mode or using the wrong syntax.

In the following example, notice how the prompt changes after each command to indicate a new command mode:

5300> enable
5300> password
5300# configure terminal
5300(config)# interface ethernet 0
5300(config-if)# line 0
5300(config-line)# controller t1 0
5300(config-controller)# exit
5300(config)# exit
5300#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

: The last message is normal and does not indicate an error. Press Return to get the 5300> prompt.

Note You can press Ctrl-Z at any time to immediately return to enable mode (5300#), instead of entering exit, which returns you to the previous mode.

How to Find Command Options

This section explains how to display options for a command. To display options for a command, enter a ? at the configuration prompt, or after entering part of a command followed by a space. The configuration parser displays options available with the command. For example, if you were in global configuration mode, typed the command arap, and wanted to see all the keywords and arguments for that command, you would type arap ?.

Table 2-1 shows examples of this function.

Table 2-1: How to Find Command Options
Step Command Purpose

1
5300>enable Password: <password> 5300#
Enter enable mode.

Enter the password.

You have entered enable mode when the prompt changes to 5300#.

2
5300#config terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. 5300(config)#
Enter global configuration mode and the prompt changes to 5300(config)#.

3
5300(config)# controller t1 ? <0-3> Controller unit number 5300(config)# controller t1 1
Specify the T1 controller that you want to configure using the controller T1 number global configuration command.

4
5300(config-controller)# ? Controller configuration commands: cablelength Specify cable length for a DS1 link
cas-group Configure the specified timeslots
for CAS(Channel Associate Signals)
channel-group Specify timeslots to channel-group
mapping for an interface
clock Specify the clock source for a DS1
link
default Set a command to its defaults
description Controller specific description
ds0 ds0 commands
exit Exit from controller configuration
mode
fdl Specify the FDL standard for a DS1 data link
framing Specify the type of Framing on a DS1 link
help Description of the interactive help system
linecode Specify line encoding method for a DS1 link
loopback Put the entire T1 line into loopback
no Negate a command or set its defaults
pri-group Configure specified timeslots for
PRI
shutdown Shut down a DS1 link (send Blue
Alarm)
Display controller configuration commands.

5
5300(config-controller)# cas-group ? <0-23> Channel number
Display the options for the cas-group controller configuration command. This command is used to configure the channel-associated signaling on a T1 controller.

6
5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 ? timeslots List of timeslots in the cas-group
Display the only command (timeslots) available in cas-group 1.

7
5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots ? <1-24> List of timeslots which comprise the cas-group
Display the range for the timeslot option. Specify a timeslot range of values from 1 to 24. You can specify timeslot ranges (for example, 1-24), individual timeslots separated by commas (for example 1, 3, 5), or a combination of the two (for example 1-3, 8, 17-24). The 16th timeslot is not specified in the command line, because it is reserved for transmitting the channel signaling.

8
5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots 1-24 ? service Specify the type of service
type Specify the type of signaling
Display the two commands (service and type) available for the timeslots.

9
5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type ? e&m-fgb E & M Type II FGB
e&m-fgd E & M Type II FGD
e&m-immediate-start E & M Immediate Start
fxs-ground-start FXS Ground Start
fxs-loop-start FXS Loop Start
sas-ground-start SAS Ground Start
sas-loop-start SAS Loop Start
List supported signaling types.

10
5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type e&m-fgb ? dtmf DTMF tone signaling
mf MF tone signaling
service Specify the type of service
<cr>
Display the types of channel-associated signaling available for the e&m-fgb type.

11
5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type e&m-fgb dtmf ? dnis DNIS addr info provisioned
service Specify the type of service
<cr>
Display the options supported for the DTMF tone signaling option.

Table 2-1: **How to Find Command Options**
Step	Command	Purpose
1	5300>enable Password: <password> 5300#	Enter enable mode. Enter the password. You have entered enable mode when the prompt changes to `5300#`.
2	`5300#`config terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. `5300(config)#`	Enter global configuration mode and the prompt changes to `5300(config)#.`
3	5300(config)# controller t1 ? <0-3> Controller unit number 5300(config)# controller t1 1	Specify the T1 controller that you want to configure using the controller T1 number global configuration command.
4	5300(config-controller)# ? Controller configuration commands: cablelength Specify cable length for a DS1 link cas-group Configure the specified timeslots for CAS(Channel Associate Signals) channel-group Specify timeslots to channel-group mapping for an interface clock Specify the clock source for a DS1 link default Set a command to its defaults description Controller specific description ds0 ds0 commands exit Exit from controller configuration mode fdl Specify the FDL standard for a DS1 data link framing Specify the type of Framing on a DS1 link help Description of the interactive help system linecode Specify line encoding method for a DS1 link loopback Put the entire T1 line into loopback no Negate a command or set its defaults pri-group Configure specified timeslots for PRI shutdown Shut down a DS1 link (send Blue Alarm)	Display controller configuration commands.
5	5300(config-controller)# cas-group ? <0-23> Channel number	Display the options for the cas-group controller configuration command. This command is used to configure the channel-associated signaling on a T1 controller.
6	5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 ? timeslots List of timeslots in the cas-group	Display the only command (timeslots) available in cas-group 1.
7	5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots ? <1-24> List of timeslots which comprise the cas-group	Display the range for the timeslot option. Specify a timeslot range of values from 1 to 24. You can specify timeslot ranges (for example, 1-24), individual timeslots separated by commas (for example 1, 3, 5), or a combination of the two (for example 1-3, 8, 17-24). The 16th timeslot is not specified in the command line, because it is reserved for transmitting the channel signaling.
8	5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots 1-24 ? service Specify the type of service type Specify the type of signaling	Display the two commands (service and type) available for the timeslots.
9	5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type ? e&m-fgb E & M Type II FGB e&m-fgd E & M Type II FGD e&m-immediate-start E & M Immediate Start fxs-ground-start FXS Ground Start fxs-loop-start FXS Loop Start sas-ground-start SAS Ground Start sas-loop-start SAS Loop Start	List supported signaling types.
10	5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type e&m-fgb ? dtmf DTMF tone signaling mf MF tone signaling service Specify the type of service <cr>	Display the types of channel-associated signaling available for the e&m-fgb type.
11	5300(config-controller)# cas-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type e&m-fgb dtmf ? dnis DNIS addr info provisioned service Specify the type of service <cr>	Display the options supported for the DTMF tone signaling option.

Undoing a Command or Feature

If you want to undo a command you entered or disable a feature, enter the keyword no before most commands; for example, no ip routing.

Saving Configuration Changes

Enter the copy running-config startup-config command to save your configuration changes to nonvolatile random-access memory (NVRAM) so that they will not be lost if there is a system reload or power outage. For example:

5300# copy running-config startup-config
Building configuration...

It might take a minute or two to save the configuration to NVRAM. After the configuration has been saved, the following appears:

[OK]
5300#

Where to Go Next

Now that you have learned some Cisco IOS software basics, you can begin to configure the access server using the CLI.

Remember that:

You can use the question mark (?) and arrow keys to help you enter commands.
Each command mode restricts you to a set of commands. If you are having difficulty entering a command, check the prompt and then enter the question mark (?) for a list of available commands. You might be in the wrong command mode or using the wrong syntax.
If you want to disable a feature, enter the keyword no before the command; for example, no ip routing.
You need to save your configuration changes to NVRAM so that they will not be lost if there is a system reload or power outage.

Proceed to the next chapter "Basic Configuration" to begin configuring the access server.

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