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This chapter describes how to configure the Cisco 1700 router to connect to a central-site router over an X.25 line or over an Integrated Systems Digital Network (ISDN) line and provides verification steps and troubleshooting tips.
This chapter contains the following sections:
The configurations in this chapter are based on the following assumptions:
Before you begin configuration, be aware of the following:
These are the major tasks when configuring your router:
Figure 7-1 illustrates the configuration used in this example.
Use this table to configure the router for some global parameters.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode. | Router# | |||
| Configure the router to show the date and time of all debug messages. This command is optional, but recommended if you use debug commands to troubleshoot your configuration. | Router | |||
| Configure the router to show the date and time of all log messages. This command is optional, but recommended if you use the verification steps described in this guide. This feature is enabled for all the example command output shown in this guide. | Router | |||
| Enable IPX routing and configure the router with an IPX address. | Router | ipx routing 0060.834f.66dd |
Use this table to configure the router with some security measures.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Configure the router with a host name, which is used in prompts and default configuration file names. For Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) authentication, the host name entered with this command must match the username of the central-site router. | Router | hostname 1700 | ||
| Specify a password to prevent unauthorized access to the router. | | enable password <1700user> |
Use this table to configure the Fast Ethernet interface, which connects your router to the local network.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode for the Ethernet interface. | | |||
| Configure this interface with an IP address and a subnet mask. | | ip address 172.16.25.42 255.255.255.224 | ||
| Configure this interface with an IPX network number. | | ipx network ABC | ||
| Enable the interface and the configuration changes that you have just made on the interface. | | |||
| Exit configuration mode for this interface. | |
Use this table to configure the X.25 interface, which connects your router to the central-site router over the wide-area network.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode for the serial interface. | | |||
| Configure this interface with an IP address. | | ip address 172.16.26.1 255.255.255.0 | ||
| Set the encapsulation type on this interface to X.25. | | |||
| Enable IPX routing on this interface. | | ipx network 9876 | ||
| Set the X.121 address of this interface. | | x25 address 5432 | ||
| Set up the LAN protocols-to-remote-host mapping for IP and X.25. | | x25 map ip 172.16.26.2 2345 broadcast | ||
| Set up the LAN protocols-to-remote-host mapping for IPX and X.25. | | x25 map ipx 9876.0000.0c03.ecc6 2345 broadcast | ||
| Enable the interface and the configuration changes that you have just made on the interface. | | |||
| Exit configuration mode for this interface. | |
You can verify your configuration to this point by
Step 1 Confirm that the router is connected to the central-site router.
Step 2 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the ping command followed by the IP address of the central-site router:
Step 3 Confirm that the success rate shown in the output (shown in bold in the example) is 60 percent (3/5) or greater. This means that your router is successfully transferring data to the central-site router.
Step 4 To continue configuration, re-enter global configuration mode.
Step 1 Confirm that the router is connected to the central-site router.
Step 2 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the ping command.
Step 3 Respond to the prompts shown in the following example:
Step 4 Confirm that the success rate shown in the output (shown in bold in the example) is 60 percent (3/5) or greater. This means that your router is successfully transferring data to the central-site router.
Step 5 To continue configuration, re-enter global configuration mode.
Step 1 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the show interface serial 0 command.
Step 2 Check that the "line protocol is up" and the "State CONNECT" messages (shown in bold in the example) appear in the command output:
Step 3 If you do not see these messages, refer to the following "X.25 Over ISDN B Channel" section for suggestions.
Step 4 To continue configuration, re-enter global configuration mode.
Step 1 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the show x25 map command:
Step 2 Confirm that your IPX network number and the central-site router IP address and IPX address appear in the command output (shown in bold in the example). The IP and IPX addresses shown in your output are different than those shown above.
Step 1 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the show x25 vc command, as follows:
Step 2 Look for the following messages in the output (shown in bold in the example):
Step 3 To continue configuration, re-enter global configuration mode.
Use this table to configure some parameters that control access to the router.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specify the console terminal line. | | |||
| Set the interval that the EXEC command interpreter waits until user input is detected. | | |||
| Specify a virtual terminal for remote console access. | | |||
| Specify a password on the line. | | password <lineaccess> | ||
| Enable password checking at terminal session login. | |
In addition to the assumptions described in the "Before You Begin" section in this chapter, this configuration is based on the assumption that you can only use one of the two ISDN B channels for this type of configuration.
These are the major tasks when configuring your router:
Figure 7-2 illustrates the configuration used in this example.
Use this table to configure the router for some global parameters.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode. | Router# | |||
| Configure the router to show the date and time of all debug messages. This command is optional, but recommended if you use debug commands to troubleshoot your configuration. | Router | |||
| Configure the router to show the date and time of all log messages. This command is optional, but recommended if you use the verification steps described in this guide. This feature is enabled for all the example command output shown in this guide. | Router | |||
| Enable IPX routing and configure the router with an IPX address. | Router | ipx routing 0060.834f.66dd | ||
| Configure the type of central office switch being used on the ISDN interface. Use the keyword that matches the ISDN switch type that you are using:
| Router | isdn switch-type basic-ni | ||
| Enter configuration mode for the ISDN interface. | Router(config)# | |||
| Enable the ISDN switch type configuration for the ISDN interface. | Router(config-if)# | |||
| Exit configuration mode for the ISDN interface. | Router(config-if)# |
You can verify your configuration to this point by confirming the ISDN line status as follows:
Step 1 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the show isdn status command.
Step 2 Confirm that the "State = MULTIPLE_FRAME_ESTABLISHED" message (shown in bold in the example) appears on the command output:
Step 3 If you do not see the message, do the following:
(a) Make sure that the router is correctly cabled.
(b) Make sure that any external NT1 is functioning correctly. Refer to the documentation that came with the NT1.
(c) Make sure the ISDN line is correctly configured by checking with the ISDN service provider.
(d) Refer to the following "Troubleshooting Problems with X.25 over ISDN B Channel" section for additional suggestions.
Step 4 To continue configuration, re-enter global configuration mode.
Use this table to configure the router with some security measures.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Configure the router with a host name, which is used in prompts and default configuration file names. For Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) authentication, the host name entered with this command must match the username of the central-site router. | | hostname 1700 | ||
| Specify a password to prevent unauthorized access to the router. | | enable password <1700user> | ||
| Specify the password used during caller identification and CHAP and PAP authentication. For CHAP and PAP authentication, the username entered with this command must match the host name of the central-site router. | | username HQ password <guessme> |
Use this table to configure the Fast Ethernet interface, which connects your router to the local network.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode for the Fast Ethernet interface. | | |||
| Configure this interface with an IP address. | | ip address 192.168.38.42 255.255.255.0 | ||
| Enable the interface and the configuration changes that you have just made on the interface. | | |||
| Exit configuration mode for this interface. | |
Use this table to configure the ISDN interface, which connects your router to the central-site router over the wide-area network, for X.25 packet encapsulation.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode for the ISDN interface. | | |||
| Configure this interface with an IP address. | | ip address 192.168.41.41 255.255.255.0 | ||
| Set the encapsulation type on this interface to X.25. | | |||
| Enable snapshot routing. Because your router is dialing into a central-site router, it is considered the client router. The first number is the amount of "active time" (in minutes) during which routing updates are exchanged between your router and the central-site router. The second number is the amount of "quiet time" (in minutes) during which routing entries are frozen and remain unchanged. | | snapshot client 5 60 | ||
| Enable IPX routing on this interface. | | ipx network 9876 | ||
| Set the X.121 address of this interface. | | x25 address 5432 | ||
| Set up the LAN protocols-to-remote-host mapping for X.25 to IP. | | x25 map ip 192.168.39.40 2345 broadcast | ||
| Set up the LAN protocols-to-remote-host mapping for IPX and X.25. |
| x25 map ipx 9876.0000.0c03.ecc6 2345 broadcast | ||
| Configure this interface to place a call to multiple sites and to authenticate calls from multiple sites based on IP address and dialer string. The name you enter after the name keyword in this command must match the name entered with the username command in the previous "Configure Security" section. | | dialer map ip 192.168.39.40 name HQ 5558461 | ||
| Configure this interface to place a call to multiple sites and to authenticate calls from multiple sites based on IP address and dialer string. The name you enter after the name keyword in this command must match the name entered with the username command in the previous "Configure Security" section. | | dialer map ipx 9876.0000.0c03.e336 name HQ 5558461 | ||
| Assign this interface to a dialer group. | | |||
| Define a DDR dialer list to control dialing based on access lists and IP packets. | | dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit | ||
| Define a DDR dialer list to control dialing based on access lists and IPX packets. | | dialer-list 1 protocol ipx permit |
You can verify your configuration to this point by:
Step 1 Confirm that your router X.25 connection is active.
Step 2 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the ping command followed by the IP address of the central-site router:
Step 3 Confirm that the success rate shown in the output (shown in bold in the example) is 60 percent (3/5) or greater. This means that your router is successfully transferring data to the central-site router.
Step 4 To continue configuration, re-enter global configuration mode.
Step 1 Confirm that your router X.25 connection is active.
Step 2 Enter the ping command followed by the IPX address of the central-site router:
Step 3 Confirm that the success rate shown in the output (shown in bold in the example) is 60 percent (3/5) or greater. This means that your router is successfully transferring data to the central-site router.
Step 4 To continue configuration, re-enter global configuration mode.
Step 1 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the show x25 map command:
Step 2 Confirm that the following addresses (shown in bold in the example) appear in the command output:
Step 3 To continue configuration, re-enter global configuration mode.
Step 1 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the show x25 vc command.
Step 2 Confirm that the X.25 address is associated with the correct IP and IPX addresses (shown in bold in the example).
Step 3 To continue configuration, re-enter global configuration mode.
Use this table to configure some parameters that control access to the router.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specify the console terminal line. | | |||
| Set the interval that the EXEC command interpreter waits until user input is detected. | | |||
| Specify a virtual terminal for remote console access. | | line vty 0 4 | ||
| Specify a password on the line. | | password <lineaccess> | ||
| Enable password checking at terminal session login. | | |||
| Exit configuration mode. | |
If you are having problems or the output that you received during the verification steps is very different from what is shown, you can troubleshoot your router by taking some or all of the following actions:
 | Caution If you are not familiar with Cisco IOS debug commands, you should read the "Using Debug Commands" section in the "Cisco IOS Basic Skills" chapter before attempting any debugging. |
This section describes how to configure the router send data as X.25 over an ISDN D-channel connection. This section describes how to configure the router to encapsulate IP and IPX packets as X.25 and route them over an ISDN B-channel connection.
These are the major tasks when configuring your router:
Figure 7-2 illustrates the configuration used in this example.
Use this table configure some global parameters.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode. | 1700# | configure terminal | ||
| Enable IPX routing and configure the router with an IPX address. If you do not know your router IPX address, you can enter this command without an address. The router then determines its own IPX address. The address is displayed in the write terminal command output. | | ipx routing 0060.834f.66dd | ||
| Configure the type of central office switch being used on the ISDN interface. Use the keyword that matches the ISDN switch type that you are using:
| | isdn switch-type basic-5ess |
You can verify your configuration to this point by confirming the ISDN line status as follows:
Step 1 Enter the show isdn status command.
Step 2 Confirm that the "State = MULTIPLE_FRAME_ESTABLISHED" message (shown in bold in the example below) appears on the command output:
Step 3 If you do not see the message, do the following:
(a) Make sure that the router is correctly cabled.
(b) Make sure that any external NT1 is functioning correctly. Refer to the documentation that came with the NT1.
(c) Make sure the ISDN line is correctly configured by checking with the ISDN service provider.
(d) Refer to the following "Troubleshooting X.25 Problems" later in this chapter for additional suggestions.
Use this table to configure some security measures.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Configure the router with a host name, which is used in prompts and default configuration file names. For PPP authentication, the hostname entered with this command must match the username of the remote device. | | hostname 1700 | ||
| Specify a password to prevent unauthorized access to the router. | | enable password <1700user> |
Use this table to configure the Fast Ethernet interface, which connects your router to the local network.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode for the Fast Ethernet interface. | | interface fastethernet0 | ||
| Configure this interface with an IP address. | | ip address 192.168.38.42 255.255.255.0 | ||
| Enable the interface and the configuration changes that you have just made on the interface. | | no shutdown | ||
| Exit configuration mode for this interface. | | exit |
Use this table to configure the ISDN, which connects your router to the central-site router over the wide-area network, for X.25 packet encapsulation.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode for the ISDN interface. | | interface BRI0 | ||
| Configure this interface with an IP address. | | ip address 192.168.40.41 255.255.255.0 | ||
| Set the encapsulation method on this interface to PPP. | | |||
| Create a configurable interface for X.25 traffic over the ISDN D channel, | | isdn x25 dchannel | ||
| Configure a static ISDN Layer 2 terminal endpoint identifier (TEI) for X.25 over the ISDN D channel. | | isdn x25 static-tei 1 | ||
| Configure this interface to place a call to multiple sites and to authenticate calls from multiple sites based on IP address and dialer string. The name you enter after the name keyword in this command must match the name entered with the username command in the previous "Configure Security" section. | | dialer map ip 192.168.40.40 name remote broadcast 5558461 dialer-group 1 | ||
| Enable CHAP or PAP authentication on this interface. | | ppp authentication chap | ||
| Enable the interface and the configuration changes that you have just made on the interface. | | no shutdown | ||
| Exit configuration mode for this interface. | | exit |
Use this table to configure an ISDN subinterface.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
| Enter configuration mode for the ISDN subinterface. | | |||
| Configure this interface with an IP address and a subnet mask. | | ip address 192.168.41.41 255.255.255.0 | ||
| Set the encapsulation type on this interface to X.25. | | encapsulation x25 | ||
| Enable IPX routing on this interface. | | ipx network 9876 | ||
| Set the X.121 address of this interface. | | x25 address 5432 | ||
| Specify that dial-on-demand routing (DDR) is supported on this interface. | | |||
| Set up the LAN protocols-to-remote-host mapping for IP and IPX. | | x25 map ip 192.168.41.40 ipx 9876.0000.0c03.ecc6 2345 broadcast | ||
| Define a DDR dialer list to control dialing based on access lists and IP packets. | | dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit | ||
| Enable the interface and the configuration changes that you have just made on the interface. | | no shutdown | ||
| Exit configuration mode for this interface. | | exit |
You can verify your configuration to this point by:
Step 1 Enter the ping command followed by the IP address of the remote device.
Step 2 Check the success rate (shown in bold in the example below) in the command output. If the success rate is below 100 percent, refer to the following "Troubleshooting X.25 Problems" section for suggestions.
Step 1 Enter the ping command and respond to the prompts shown in the following example.
Substitute the IPX address of your remote device for the IPX address shown in the example below.
Step 2 Check the success rate (shown in bold in the example) in the command output. If the success rate is below 100 percent, refer to the following "Troubleshooting X.25 Problems" section for suggestions.
Step 1 Enter the show x25 map command:
Step 2 Confirm that your IPX network number and the remote device IP address and IPX address appear in the command output, as shown in bold in the example above. The IP and IPX addresses shown in your output will be different than those shown above.
Step 1 From the privileged EXEC command mode, enter the show x25 vc command, as follows:
Step 2 Look for the following messages in the output (shown in bold in the example):
Use this table to configure some parameters that control access to the router.
| Step | Task | Router Prompt | Command | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specify the console terminal line. | | line console 0 | ||
| Set the interval in minutes that the EXEC command interpreter waits until user input is detected. | | exec-timeout 5 | ||
| Specify a virtual terminal for remote console access. | | line vty 0 4 | ||
| Specify a password on the line. | | password <lineaccess> | ||
| Enable password checking at terminal session login. | | login | ||
| Exit configuration mode. | | end |
If you are having problems or the output that you received during the verification steps is very different from what is shown, you can troubleshoot your router by taking some or all of the following actions:
| Caution If you are not familiar with Cisco IOS debug commands, you should read the "Using Debug Commands" section in the "Cisco IOS Basic Skills" chapter before attempting any debugging. |
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