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Configuring the Cisco 2524 and Cisco 2525 Routers

Configuring the Cisco 2524 and Cisco 2525 Routers

This chapter describes how to configure the Cisco 2524 and Cisco 2525 routers and contains the following sections:

This chapter provides just enough information to get the router up and running. For Cisco IOS Release 11.0 and earlier releases, refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide for additional configuration information. For Cisco IOS Release 11.1 and later releases, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.

Booting the Router for the First Time

Each time you power on the router, it goes through the following boot sequence:


  1. The router goes through power-on self-test diagnostics to verify basic operation of the CPU, memory, and interfaces.

  2. The system bootstrap software (boot image) executes and searches for a valid Cisco IOS image (router operating system software). The source of the Cisco IOS image (Flash memory or a Trivial File Transfer Protocol [TFTP] server) is determined by the configuration register setting. The factory-default setting for the configuration register is 0x2102, which indicates that the router should attempt to load a Cisco IOS image from Flash memory.

  3. If after five attempts a valid Cisco IOS image is not found in Flash memory, the router reverts to boot ROM mode (which is used to install or upgrade a Cisco IOS image).

  4. If a valid Cisco IOS image is found, then the router searches for a valid configuration file.

  5. If a valid configuration file is not found in NVRAM, the router runs the System Configuration Dialog so you can configure it manually. For normal router operation, there must be a valid Cisco IOS image in Flash memory and a configuration file in NVRAM.

The first time you boot your router, you will need to configure the router interfaces and then save the configuration to a file in NVRAM. Proceed to the next section, "Configuring the Router," for configuration instructions.

Configuring the Router

You can configure the router using one of the following procedures:

Use the procedure that best fits the needs of your network configuration and level of Cisco IOS experience.

Time Saver Acquire the correct network addresses from your system administrator or consult your network plan to determine correct addresses before you begin to configure the router.

Using Configuration Mode

You can configure the router manually if you prefer not to use AutoInstall or the System Configuration Dialog. Take the following steps to configure the router manually:

Step 1 Connect a console terminal following the instructions in the section "Connecting the Console Terminal and Modem" in the chapter "Installing the Cisco 2524 and Cisco 2525 Routers," and then power ON the router.

Step 2 When you are prompted to enter the initial dialog, enter no to go into the normal operating mode of the router:

Step 3 After a few seconds you will see the user EXEC prompt (Router>). Enter the enable command to enter enable mode. You can only make configuration changes in enable mode.

The prompt changes to the privileged EXEC (enable) prompt:


Step 4 Enter the configure terminal command at the enable prompt to enter configuration mode:

You can now enter any changes you want to the configuration.


Step 5 Press Ctrl-Z to exit configuration mode.

To see the current operating configuration, enter the show running-config command at the enable prompt:

Router# show running-config

To see the configuration in NVRAM, enter the show startup-config command at the enable prompt:

Router# show startup-config

The results of the show running-config and show startup-config commands will be different if you have made changes to the configuration but have not yet written them to NVRAM.

To make your changes permanent, enter the copy running-config startup-config command at the enable prompt:

The router is now configured and will boot with the configuration you entered.

Using AutoInstall

The AutoInstall process is designed to configure the router automatically after connection to your WAN. In order for AutoInstall to work properly, a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) host on your network must be preconfigured to provide the required configuration files. The TCP/IP host may exist anywhere on the network as long as the following two conditions are maintained:


  1. The host must be on the remote side of the router's synchronous serial connection to the WAN.

  2. User Datagram Protocol (UDP) broadcasts to and from the router and the TCP/IP host must be enabled.

This functionality is coordinated by your system administrator at the site where the TCP/IP host is located. You should not attempt to use AutoInstall unless the required files have been provided on the TCP/IP host. For Cisco IOS Release 11.0 and earlier releases, refer to the publication Router Products Configuration Guide for additional information. For Cisco IOS Release 11.1 and later releases, refer to the publication Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.

Note AutoInstall works on synchronous serial connections only. The 2-wire switched 56-kbps DSU/CSU module operates on switched 56-kbps circuits only; therefore, you cannot use it for AutoInstall.

Take the following steps to prepare your router for the AutoInstall process:

Step 1 Attach the WAN cable to the router.

Step 2 Turn ON power to the router.

The router will load the operating system image from Flash memory. If the remote end of the WAN connection is connected and properly configured, the AutoInstall process will begin.


If AutoInstall successfully completes, you can write the configuration data to the router's NVRAM. Perform the following step to complete this task.


Step 3 Enter the copy running-config startup-config command:

Taking this step saves the configuration settings that the AutoInstall process created in the router. If you do not do this, your configuration will be lost the next time you reload the router.


Using the System Configuration Dialog

If you do not plan to use AutoInstall, make sure all the WAN cables are disconnected from the router. This will prevent the router from attempting to the run the AutoInstall process. The router will attempt to run AutoInstall whenever you power it on if there is a WAN connection on both ends and the router does not have a configuration file stored in NVRAM. It can take several minutes for the router to determine that AutoInstall is not set up to a remote TCP/IP host.

If your router does not have a configuration (setup) file and you are not using AutoInstall, the router will automatically start the setup command facility. An interactive dialog called the System Configuration Dialog appears on the console screen. This dialog helps you navigate through the configuration process by prompting you for the configuration information necessary for the router to operate.

Many prompts in the System Configuration Dialog include default answers, which are included in square brackets following the question. To accept a default answer, press Return; otherwise, enter your response.

This section gives an example configuration using the System Configuration Dialog. When you are configuring your router, respond as appropriate for your network.

At any time during the System Configuration Dialog, you can request help by typing a question mark (?) at a prompt.

Before proceeding with the System Configuration Dialog, obtain from your system administrator the node addresses and the number of bits in the subnet field (if applicable) of the Ethernet and synchronous serial ports. For more information about Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and subnets, refer to the publication Internetworking Technology Overview. (See the section "Getting More Information" at the end of this chapter.)

Take the following steps to configure the router using the System Configuration Dialog:

Step 1 Connect a console terminal to the console connector on the rear panel of your router, and turn ON power to the router. (For more information, refer to the section "Connecting the Console Terminal and Modem" in the chapter "Installing the Cisco 2524 and Cisco 2525 Routers.")

Note The default parameters for the console port are 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, and 2 stop bits.

Step 2 After about 30 seconds, information similar to the following is displayed on the console screen.

Note The messages displayed vary, depending on the Cisco IOS release and feature set you selected. The screen displays in this section are for reference only and may not exactly reflect the screen displays on your console.

When you see this information, you have successfully booted your router:


Step 3 Press Return or enter yes to begin the configuration process.

Step 4 When the System Configuration Dialog asks whether you want to view the current interface summary, press Return or enter yes:

Step 5 Configure the global parameters. Choose which protocols to support on the Ethernet interface. For IP installations, you can press Return to accept the default values (in brackets) for most of the questions. A typical configuration follows:

Next, you are prompted to enter an enable secret password. There are two types of privileged-level passwords:


The enable password is used when the enable secret password does not exist.


For maximum security, be sure the passwords are different. If you enter the same password for both, the router will accept your entry, but will display a warning message indicating that you should enter a different password.


Step 6 Enter an enable secret password:

Step 7 Enter the enable and virtual terminal passwords:

Step 8 Press Return to accept Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) management, or enter no to refuse it:

Step 9 In the following example, the router is configured for AppleTalk, IP, and IPX. Configure the appropriate protocols for your router:

Step 10 Enter the ISDN BRI switch type for the router. The ISDN switch type appropriate for the router depends on the ISDN provider's equipment. Table 4-1 lists the ISDN switch types.


Table  4-1: ISDN Switch Types
Country ISDN Switch Type Description
Australia basic-ts013 Australian TS013 switches
Europe basic-1tr6 German 1TR6 ISDN switches
basic-nwnet3 Norwegian NET3 ISDN switches (phase 1)
basic-net3 NET3 ISDN switches (UK and others)
vn2 French VN2 ISDN switches
vn3 French VN3 ISDN switches
Japan ntt Japanese NTT ISDN switches
North America basic-5ess AT&T basic rate switches
basic-dms100 NT DMS-100 basic rate switches
basic-ni1 National ISDN-1 switches
New Zealand basic-nznet3 New Zealand NET3 switches

Configuring the ISDN BRI Interface

This section explains how to configure the ISDN BRI interface. If an ISDN BRI WAN module is not installed in your router, skip this section and proceed with the next section, "Configuring the Ethernet or Token Ring Interfaces."

The ISDN BRI interface is configured to allow connection to ISDN WANs. To configure the ISDN BRI interface, respond as follows (using your addresses and subnet mask) to the setup prompts, substituting the correct addresses and host names as appropriate:

Configuring interface BRI0:
Is this interface in use? [yes]
Configure IP on this interface? [yes]
IP address for this interface: 172.16.71.1
Number of bits in subnet field [0]: 8
lass B network is 172.16.0.0, 8 subnet bits; mask is
    255.255.255.0
  Configure AppleTalk on this interface? [no]: yes
    Extended AppleTalk network? [no]: yes
    AppleTalk starting cable range [0]: 1
    AppleTalk ending cable range [1]: 2
    AppleTalk zone name [myzone]:
    AppleTalk additional zone name: otherzone
    AppleTalk additional zone name:
  Configure IPX on this interface? [no]: yes
    IPX network number [1]: B000

Configuring the Ethernet or Token Ring Interfaces

Take the following steps to configure the Ethernet or Token Ring interface to allow communication over a LAN. To configure the interface parameters, you need to know your Ethernet or Token Ring interface network addresses. In this example, the system is being configured for an Ethernet LAN using IP.

Step 1 Respond as follows (using your addresses and subnet mask) to the setup prompts, substituting the correct addresses and host names as appropriate:

Step 2 Enter yes if you will be using AppleTalk on the interface. Enter yes to configure the router for extended AppleTalk networks, and then enter the cable range. Enter the zone name, and any other additional zones that will be associated with your local zone:

Step 3 Determine if you are going to enable IPX on the interface. If so, enter yes and then enter the unique IPX network number:

Configuring the Synchronous Serial Interfaces

The synchronous serial interfaces are configured to allow connection to WANs. Once the Ethernet or Token Ting port on your router has been configured, take the following steps to configure the synchronous serial interfaces:

Step 1 Press Return or enter yes to configure serial port 0:

Step 2 Determine which protocols you want on the synchronous serial interface and enter the appropriate responses. In this example, the system is being configured for IP, AppleTalk, and IPX:

Step 3 Configure the second synchronous serial interface, for example, as follows:

Step 4 The configuration you enter is now displayed and you are asked if you want to use the displayed configuration. If you enter no, you will lose the configuration information you just entered and you can begin the configuration again. If you enter yes, the configuration will be entered and saved in the startup configuration:

Configuring ISDN

If you have an ISDN BRI WAN module, configure the BRI port for ISDN. This section explains typical ISDN configurations for one or two B channels. In the examples that follow, the BRI port is configured for IP routing, Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP), and Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) encapsulation.

Take the following steps to configure the router for a basic ISDN PPP connection on a single B channel or two B channels, substituting the correct addresses and host names as appropriate for your network:

Step 1 Enter enable mode:

Step 2 Enter the configure terminal command. Then enter the host name and password that the router will use for CHAP caller identification:

Note The username and password must match the username and password already set on the router to which the ISDN connection will be made. The username and password are case sensitive.

Step 3 If you have not already done so, enter the isdn switch-type command to configure the ISDN switch type:

Refer to Table 4-1 earlier in this chapter for a list of ISDN switch types.


Step 4 Enter the BRI interface, encapsulation method (PPP), authentication type, target router's IP address and ISDN number to dial, and the dialer group number:

Note Do not use periods or hyphens when you enter dialing numbers.

Step 5 Some ISDN switch types, such as Basic NI1 or DMS-100 switch service, require you to configure a service profile identifier (SPID). Enter the SPID information as follows, substituting the appropriate entries for your installation:

Step 6 To set up a second B channel for bandwidth on demand, enter the load-threshold command to set the ISDN load threshold. The load threshold determines the percentage of network loading at which the second ISDN B channel is triggered. The value ranges from 1 to 255 (100 percent).

In this example, the value of 128 means that when the first B channel reaches 50 percent of its bandwidth capacity (128 equals 50 percent of 255), the second B channel will be activated to assist with the bandwidth load.


Step 7 Enter the access-list command to configure the ISDN line to come up whenever IP packets are to be sent:

Step 8 Configure a static route to allow connectivity to the target router's local network. Enter the network number of the target router's local IP network and subnet mask, and the IP address of the target router's BRI port.

Step 9 Enter the exit command to exit configuration mode.

Step 10 Enter the copy running-config startup-config command to save the configuration to NVRAM.

Configuring Switched 56

This section explains how to configure the 2-wire switched 56-kbps and 4-wire 56/64-kbps DSU/CSU WAN modules for switched 56-kbps circuit-switched service.

You can configure the 2-wire switched 56-kbps DSU/CSU WAN module for switched 56-kbps service, but not Digital Data System ([DDS], which are leased or dedicated lines). The 4-wire 56/64-kbps DSU/CSU WAN module is configured for DDS as the factory default, but it can be configured for either switched 56/64-kbps service or DDS. (See the next section, "Configuring DDS.")

For Cisco IOS Release 11.0 and earlier releases, refer to the Router Products Command Reference for more information about the commands in this section. For Cisco IOS Release 11.1 and later releases, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference.

Take the following steps to configure the 2-wire switched 56-kbps and 4-wire 56/64-kbps DSU/CSU WAN module for circuit-switched service, substituting the correct addresses and host names as appropriate for your network:

Step 1 Enter enable mode:

Step 2 Enter configuration mode:

Step 3 Assign an IP address to the serial port on the module:

Step 4 If you have a 2-wire switched 56-kbps WAN module, skip this step and proceed to Step 5. If you have a 4-wire 56/64-kbps DSU/CSU WAN module, set the network type to switched as follows:

Step 5 Set the carrier type, where carrier can be att, sprint, or other:

Step 6 Enter the dialer information:

Step 7 Return to user EXEC mode:

Configuring DDS

The 4-wire 56/64-kbps DSU/CSU WAN module is configured for DDS (which are leased or dedicated lines) as the factory default, but it can be configured for either switched 56/64-kbps service or DDS. The DDS configuration is described in this section. To configure the 4-wire 56/64-kbps DSU/CSU WAN module for circuit-switched service, follow the instructions in the previous section, "Configuring Switched 56."

For Cisco IOS Release 11.0 and earlier releases, refer to the Router Products Command Reference for more information about the commands in this section. For Cisco IOS Release 11.1 and later releases, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference.

Take the following steps to configure the 4-wire 56/64-kbps DSU/CSU WAN module for DDS, substituting the correct addresses and host names as appropriate for your network:

Step 1 Enter enable mode:

Step 2 Enter configuration mode:

Step 3 Assign an IP address to the serial port on the module:

Step 4 Set the network type to DDS:

Step 5 Return to user EXEC mode:

Configuring the Fractional T1/T1 DSU/CSU WAN Module

This section describes how to configure the fractional T1/T1 DSU/CSU WAN module. This module is configured for Extended Superframe Format (ESF) signal format, bipolar eight zero substitution (B8ZS), and full bandwidth as the factory default. Depending on your networking environment, you might need to change these settings.

For Cisco IOS Release 11.0 and earlier releases, refer to the Router Products Command Reference for more information about the commands in this section. For Cisco IOS Release 11.1 and later releases, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference.

Take the following steps to configure the fractional T1/T1 DSU/CSU WAN module for a typical leased-line connection, substituting the correct addresses and host names as appropriate for your network:

Step 1 Enter enable mode:

Step 2 Enter configuration mode:

Step 3 Assign an IP address to the serial port on the module:

Step 4 Enter the framing type and line code type, substituting framing_type with sf (Superframe) or esf (Extended Superframe) and linecode_type with ami (alternate mark inversion) or b8zs (bipolar eight zero substitution):

Step 5 If you are using fractional T1 service, enter the time slot range and speed. In the following example, the time slot range is from 1 to 20 and the speed is 64-kbps:

Step 6 Return to user EXEC mode:

Specifying the Boot Method

You can enter multiple boot commands in the configuration in NVRAM to provide a backup method for loading the Cisco IOS image onto the router. The router boots using the first boot command that succeeds. If you enter multiple boot commands, the router executes them in the order they are entered. There are two ways to load the Cisco IOS image: from Flash memory or from a TFTP server on the network.


  1. Flash memory
Information stored in Flash memory is not vulnerable to network failures that might occur when you load system software from servers. In the following example, replace filename with the filename of the Cisco IOS image: 
Router> enable
Password: enablepassword
Router# configure terminal
Router (config)# boot system flash filename
Router (config)# Ctrl-Z
Router# copy running-config startup-config
Building configuration ...
[OK]
Router# exit
Router>

  1. TFTP server
If Flash memory is not available, or if Flash memory does not contain a valid Cisco IOS image, you can specify that system software be loaded from a TFTP server on your network as a backup boot method for the router. In the following example, replace filename with the filename of the Cisco IOS image, and replace ipaddress with the IP address of the TFTP server: 
Router> enable
Password: enablepassword
Router# configure terminal
Router (config)# boot system tftp filename ipaddress
Router (config)# Ctrl-Z
Router# copy running-config startup-config
Building configuration ...
[OK]
Router# exit
Router>

For more information about the configure terminal command, refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide publication for Cisco IOS Release 11.0 and earlier releases. Refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide for Cisco IOS Release 11.1 and later releases.

Checking the Configuration Settings

Enter the show version command to check the software version (third line from the top in the following display) and configuration register setting (at the end of the following display):

Router> show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) XX00 Software (XXX-X-X), RELEASE SOFTWARE XX.X(XXXX) [XXX]
Copyright (c) 1986-1996 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue XX-XXX-XX 13:07 by XXXXX
Image text-base: 0x03032810, data-base: 0x00001000
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version X.X(XXXX) [XXXXX], RELEASE SOFTWARE
ROM: XX00 Bootstrap Software (XXX-BOOT-X), Version XX.X(XXXXX) [XXXXX]
Router uptime is 4 minutes
System restarted by power-on
System image file is "flash:XXX/XXX-X-X.Nov14", booted via flash
Cisco XXXX(68030) processor (revision X) with 4092K/2048K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID 00000000
Bridging software.
SuperLAT software copyright 199X by Meridian Technology Corp).
X.25 software, Version X.X, NET2, BFE and GOSIP compliant.
TN3270 Emulation software (copyright 199X by TGV Inc).
1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface.
2 Serial network interfaces.
No module installed for Serial Interface 0
No module installed for Serial Interface 1
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)
Configuration register is 0x2102
Router>

Getting More Information

For more information about router software configuration, refer to the following publications for Cisco IOS Release 11.0 and earlier:

For Cisco IOS Release 11.1 and later, refer to the following publications:

These publications are available on UniverCD, Cisco's online library of product information. To order UniverCD, or paper documentation, refer to the Cisco Information Packet publication that accompanied your router.

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