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This chapter describes the commands used to configure Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) routing, such as IPX static routes, Routing Information Protocol (RIP), and Service Advertising Protocol (SAP) services.
To determine the status of a specified IPX node, use the ipxping command.
IPxping ADdress net:node | SErver servername
net:node | The IPX address of the node in network node format. |
servername | Name of the server. |
None
System mode
If the servername is used in the ping, and the name cannot be resolved from the local SAP table, the following error message displays: Server name unresolved, try its net:node. Use the server IPX address in net:node format instead.
The IPX ping feature allows you to determine if the specified IPX node is alive and reachable. Cisco 700 series routers only generate Novell IPX format ping packets; however, the router responds to both Novell IPX and Cisco IPX ping packets. A response by Cisco 700 series routers to Novell IPX ping packets generates a response in Novell IPX format. A response by Cisco 700 series routers to Cisco IPX ping packets generates a response in Cisco IPX format. If a Novell NetWare server is pinged, that server must be running IPXPING.NLM to respond to the ping. This NetWare Loadable Module (NLM) is part of an IPX Upgrade (IPXRTR.EXE) to NetWare servers.
The following example illustrates the usage of the ipxping command using the address:
Host> ipxping ad d00000: 40f9babe54
and using an IPX address as its argument:
Host> ipxping se coyote
The netware server name coyote is used as an argument.
To delete an existing IPX filter, use the reset ipx filter command.
REset IPX FIlter filterid | ALl
filterid | Clears the IPX filter identified by the number the router used when the filter was created with the set ipx filter command. |
ALl | Clears all IPX filters. |
None
Profile mode
The following example deletes an IPX filter with the identification number 8 from user-defined profile 2503:
Host:2503> reset ipx filter 8
The following example deletes all IPX filters from user-defined profile 2503:
Host:2503> reset ipx filter all
set ipx filter
show ipx filter
None
System mode
The following example disables the IPX default route functionality:
Host> reset ipx gateway
set ipx gateway
To delete one or all static IPX routes for a profile, use the reset ipx route command.
REset IPX ROute ALl | DEstination=netnum GAteway=net:node
ALl | Deletes all static IPX routes for the profile. |
DEstination=netnum | The destination network number for the static route. |
GAteway=net:node | The host address of the next router in the path to the destination network. |
None
Profile mode
The following example deletes all IPX routes for a profile:
Host> reset ipx route all
set ipx route
To disable the functionality of IPX SAP helper, use the reset ipx sap helper command.
REset IPX SAp HElperNone
System mode
Use this command to reset the address of the IPX SAP helper to none.
The following example disables the IPX SAP helper:
Host> reset ipx sap helper
To delete one or all static IPX service routes for a profile, use the reset ipx service command.
REset IPX SErvice ALl | NAme=service-name TYpe=service-type
ALl | Deletes all static IPX service routes for the profile. |
name=service-name | Name of the service. |
type=service-type | Service type of the entry. This is a hexadecimal number. |
None
Profile mode
Table 7-1 lists example service types.
| Service Type (Hexadecimal) | Description |
|---|---|
0 | All SAP services; IPX defines server type 0 to be an unknown service. |
1 | User |
2 | User group |
3 | Print server queue |
4 | File server |
5 | Job server |
7 | Print server |
9 | Archive server |
A | Queue for job servers |
21 | NAS SNA gateway |
2D | Time Synchronization VAP |
2E | Dynamic SAP |
47 | Advertising print server |
4B | B trieve VAP 5.0 |
4C | SQL VAP |
7A | TES---NetWare for VMS |
98 | NetWare access server |
9A | Named Pipes server |
9E | Portable NetWare---UNIX |
111 | Test server |
166 | NetWare management (Novell's Network Management Station [NMS]) |
26A | NetWare management (NMS console) |
FFF | Wildcard (any SAP service) |
The following example deletes all service routes for a profile:
Host:2503> reset ipx service all
To set an IPX filter, use the set ipx filter command.
SEt IPX FIlter SAp INput [NAme = ascii string] [TYpe = type range] [SOcket = socket range] ACcept | BLock
NAme | An ASCII string. Wild cards (*) are accepted at the beginning or the end of the string. |
TYpe | Novell IPX service type: · a-b (from type a to type b) · a+ (from type a and above) · a (only type a) |
SOcket | Novell IPX socket number: · a-b (from type a to type b) · a+ (from type a and above) · a (only type a) |
ACcept | Service is permitted. |
BLock | Service is denied. |
No filter configured.
Profile mode
Cisco 700 series router software Release 4.1(1) and higher only support the filtering of incoming SAP response packets. This filtering scheme controls which services are added to the router SAP table. The user can specify filters-per-type range, service name, or socket range. Before a service is added to the SAP table, the service type socket number for the service is checked against the existing filters. If the type and socket ranges match any of the existing filters, service is permitted or denied per the specification in the action field of the filter.
If no filter matches the incoming service and any of the filter actions are accept, the service is blocked. The service is accepted only if none of the filters has an accept action. The maximum number of SAP filters is limited only by the size of NVRAM.
The following example sets the IPX SAP filter in the user-defined profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx filter sap input name=*eng type=300+
socket 4000-7fff block
reset ipx filter
show ipx filter
To set the frame type used by your IPX network, use the set ipx framing command.
SEt IPX FRaming EThernet_II | 802.3 | 802.2 | SNap | NOne
EThernet_II | Sets the IPX framing for Ethernet II type. This is a rarely used, older version of Ethernet. |
802.3 | Sets the IPX framing for IEEE type 802.3 framing. |
802.2 | Sets the IPX framing for IEEE type 802.2 framing. |
SNap | Sets the IPX framing to Subnetwork Access Protocol (SNAP) framing. SNAP provides framing between a network entity in the subnetwork and a network entity in the end system. SNAP provides data transfer, connection management, and quality-of-service selection. |
NOne | Specifies Internetwork Packet Exchange Control Protocol (IPXCP) framing. Use the none keyword when you are connecting two IPX routers that are using Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). |
None (IPXCP)
Profile mode
Framing is the process of inserting start and stop signals before and after the transmitted data. These framing elements delimit the data. They allow the receiver to determine the sender timing because the duration of the start bit indicates the bit interval size used by the sender.
A framing error occurs when the receiver incorrectly identifies the start and stop signals or the framing in a transmission.
The following example sets the frame type to IPXCP for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx framing none
To set the default IPX route, use the set ipx gateway command.
SEt IPX GAteway net:node USer username
GAteway net:node | The host address of the next hop to which packets are forwarded. |
USer username | The profile name. A profile name can be 1 to 8 characters. Names are case sensitive only when displayed. The name of the profile is used for the interface connection, through which the packets are forwarded. Can be internal profile, LAN profile, or any existing user profile. |
None
System mode
IPX default routes are supported using the set ipx gateway command. IPX packets are routed to the default gateway if no learned or static route is found for the destination in the routing table (assuming a default gateway is set and a connection exists). The default route is also returned in response to a RIP request if no route for the network is found. IPX routing must be turned on for a specific profile for default routing to be activated.
The following example sets the IPX gateway route for this host address:
Host> set ipx gateway 00002: 40f9123456 user 2503
To specify whether NetBIOS (Type 20) packets are forwarded on to a profile, use the set ipx netbios command.
SEt IPX NETBios ACcept | BLock
ACcept | NetBIOS packets are forwarded to the LAN. Use the accept keyword when IPX routing is enabled and when using a NetBIOS protocol, such as Windows for Workgroups. |
BLock |
Block
Profile mode
The following example sets the profile 2503 to forward NetBIOS packets to the LAN:
Host:2503> set ipx netbios accept
To set the IPX network address for a profile connection, use the set ipx networkaddress command.
SEt IPX NETWorkaddress networknumber
networknumber | Number of the IPX network to which this profile connects. This is an eight-digit hexadecimal number that uniquely identifies a network segment. It can be a number in a range of 1 to FFFFFFFD. A network number of 0 causes the router to attempt to learn the network address from incoming packets. |
0
Profile mode
The following example sets the IPX network number for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx networkaddress 3AAA
To set whether RIP packets are received, use the set ipx rip receive command.
SEt IPX RIp REceive ON | OFf
ON | RIP and SAP packets are received. |
OFf | RIP and SAP packets are not received on the interface. |
On (enabled)
System or profile mode
Entering this command while in profile mode applies the RIP receive parameters to that profile connection.
The following example configures the connection for profile 2503 to block RIP packets:
Host:2503> set ipx rip receive off
ACtive | Active period during which routing information is exchanged. |
QUiet | Quiet period when no routing information is exchanged. |
minutes | Number of minutes for the active period during which routing information is exchanged or the quiet period when no routing information is exchanged. |
UPdate ON | Client sends routing information when it enters the active period. |
UPdate OFf | Client waits until the active period for the periodic update before sending the routing information. |
Not configured
Profile mode
Entering this command sets up the client snapshot parameters for a given profile. These values are used when the set ipx rip update command is set to snapshot.
The following example shows the configuration of profile user 1 as a snapshot client that has an active period of 10 minutes, a quiet period of 60 minutes, and sends routing information when it enters the active period:
Host> cd user1 Host> cd user1 set ipx rip snapshot client act 10 quiet 60 update on
set ipx rip update
ACtive | The number of minutes of the active period during which routing information is exchanged. |
UPdate ON | Configures the server to send routing information when it enters the active period. |
UPdate OFf | Configures the server to wait until after it enters the active period for the periodic update to send the routing information. |
Not configured
Profile mode
Entering this command sets up the server snapshot parameters for a given profile. These values are used when the set ipx rip update command is set to snapshot.
The following example shows the configuration of profile user 1 as a snapshot server that has an active period of 10 minutes, a quiet period of 60 minutes, and sends routing information when it enters the active period.
Host> cd user1 Host> cd user1 set ipx rip snapshot server act 10 update on
set ipx rip update
To specify when Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Service Advertisement Protocol (SAP) packets will be sent, use the set ipx rip update command.
SEt IPX RIP UPdate=PEriodic | DEmand | SNapshot | OFf
PEriodic | RIP and SAP packets are both sent periodically and whenever there is a change in the RIP or SAP tables. Use this keyword for the LAN profile so that RIP and SAP information is passed to the LAN at regular intervals. |
DEmand | RIP and SAP packets are sent both when the ISDN line first connects and when a change occurs in the RIP or SAP tables. Use this keyword for WAN connections to other Cisco 700 series routers to avoid bringing up the ISDN line unnecessarily. |
SNapshot | The two periods for routing updates are quiet and active. During the active period routing updates or exchanges are in a periodic process. When the active period expires, the quiet period begins, and the routing table is frozen in that state. There is no activity until the quiet period expires. Snapshot should be used for WAN connections to Cisco routers. |
OFf | Turns IPX RIP update off. |
Periodic
Profile mode
The following example disables IPX RIP and SAP packets for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx rip update off
To enter a static router in a profile RIP table, use the set ipx route command.
SEt IPX ROUTE DEstination=netnum [GAteway net:node] [HOps=hops] [COst=ticks]
DEstination netnum | Destination network number in the form of an eight-digit hexadecimal number that uniquely identifies a network cable segment. It can be a number in the range of 1 to FFFFFFFD. |
|---|---|
GAteway net:node | The host address of the next router to which packets will be forwarded. |
HOps | Number of routers between this router and the destination network. If this keyword is not used, the default is 1. |
COst ticks | Number of ticks (one-eighteenth of one second) to the destination network. |
No static IPX routes are configured.
Profile mode
To improve performance, only the services defined in Novell IPX Router Specification 107-000029-001 are supported, and a maximum of 400 IPX route entries and 200 good IPX SAPs are allowed. If you need larger route and SAP entries, software Release 4.0(1) supports set ipx sap helper and set ipx route commands.
The following example sets the IPX route to network 150, with four hops between the source and the destination router:
Host:2503> set ipx route destination 150 gateway 160:0040F90F5623 hops 4
set ipx sap helper
To enable or disable IPX routing for a profile interface, use the set ipx routing command.
SEt IPX ROUTIng ON | OFf
ON | |
|---|---|
OFf | Disables IPX routing for the profile interface. |
Off (disabled)
Profile mode
The following example enables IPX routing for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx routing on
net:node | The host address to which the Get Nearest Service and Get General SAP packets are forwarded. |
None
System mode
When a SAP Helper is set, all the SAP Get Nearest Server service request packets received by the router are forwarded to the helper as Unicast packets. The router does not look through its own SAP table to try to answer the request.
To improve performance only the services defined in Novell IPX Router Specification 107-000029-001 are supported, and a maximum of 400 IPX route entries and 200 good IPX SAPs are allowed in the internal table of the router. Use this command if either of these limits are exceeded.
The following example sets the host address to which a SAP packet is forwarded:
Host> set ipx sap helper 3BBBB:C87965
set ipx route
To add a static SAP in the router, use the set ipx service command:
SEt IPX SErvice NAme=service-name TYpe=service-type ADdress=net:node:socket [HOps=hops]
NAme service-name | Name of the service destination; a 48-byte object name assigned to the server. The service name combined with the service type uniquely identifies a server on a network. |
TYpe service-type | Service type of the route; a hexadecimal number. Table 7-1 lists examples of service types. |
ADdress net: node:socket | The address of the host on which the service resides. The address must be in the following format: · Network---Destination network number in the form of an eight-digit hexadecimal number that uniquely identifies a network segment. It can be a number in the range 1 to FFFFFFFD. · Node---MAC address of the host or server. · Socket---The software structure serving as the communications endpoint on the network device. |
HOps | Number of routers across which packets will be forwarded when being routed to the service. |
No service routes are configured.
Profile mode
Table 7-1 lists some example IPX SAP types. For more information about SAP types, contact Novell.
The following example enables IPX service for profile 2503:
Host:2503> set ipx service name
Cisco IOS software allows the router to respond to a server's Watchdog requests on behalf of a remote client. This process is called Network Control Protocol (NCP) or IPX spoofing. Benefits of IPX spoofing include:
When using IPX spoofing, NetWare servers are lead to believe that a session is still active when it is not. When the number of IPX or SPX sessions are limited, this can cause connectivity problems by denying logins to legitimate users.
minutes | |
|---|---|
OFf | Disables IPX spoofing. |
Off (disabled)
Profile mode
IPX routing must be enabled for any profile on which you wish to enable spoofing.
The following example enables spoofing for one hour on the profile LAN:
Host:LAN> set ipx spoofing 60
set ipx routing
To display IPX configurations for one or all profiles, use the show ipx config command.
SHow IPX COnfig [ALl]
ALl | Displays IPX configurations for all profiles. |
None
System or profile mode
Use this command in profile mode to display IPX configurations for that profile. Use this command in system mode to display IPX configurations for all profiles.
The following example shows the output from the show ipx config all command:
Host> show ipx config all ProfileRoutingFrameNetNum Updates RX Spoof(min) NetBios
------------------------------------------------------------------
6544ONIPXCP0 DEMAND ON 0 BLOCK
InternalON802.3C0A86400 PERIODIC ON 0 BLOCK
Table 7-2 describes the fields shown.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
Profile | Profile with which the IPX configuration is associated. |
Routing | IPX routing enabled or disabled for the connection. |
Frame | |
NetNum | Network number of the connection. |
Updates | RIP and SAP updates used for the connection---Off, Demand, Periodic, or Snapshot. |
RX | RIP and SAP receive On or Off. |
Spoof | Spoofing configuration for the connection---Off or number of minutes. |
NetBIOS |
To display information about all IPX connections, use the show ipx connections command.
SHow IPX CONNectionsThis command has no arguments or keywords.
None
System or profile mode
This command will display information about all connections when used in system mode or in profile mode.
The following example shows the output from the show ipx connections command:
2865_66> show ipx connections Conn#ChanRoutingAddressInPktsOutPktsInErrOutErr
--------------------------------------------------------------------
20ON0:40F900185921391253200
INT1ONC0A86400:40F90018591791414100
2865_66>
Table 7-3 describes the fields shown in the display.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
Conn | Connection number assigned by the router when the connection is established. |
#Chan | Number of channels used for the connection. |
Routing | IPX routing enabled or disabled. |
Address | Network and MAC address of the connection. |
InPkts | Number of incoming packets. |
OutPkts | Number of outgoing packets. |
InErr | Number of incoming packets lost because of errors. |
OutErr | Number of outgoing packets lost because of errors. |
To display IPX RIP and SAP packet statistics, use the show ipx demand command.
SHow IPX DEmandThis command has no arguments or keywords.
None
Use this command in system mode for testing purposes.
The following example shows the output from the show ipx demand command:
Host> show ipx demand IPXDemandStatistics InputRequests0OutputRequests3 InputAcks1400OutputAcks12 InputResponsePkts12OutputResponsePkts10312 InputFragments12OutputFragments12626 ReassemblyRetries1ReassemblyTimeouts0 RetransmitRetries986RetransmitTimeouts112 PktTooShort0DuplicateFragment0 BadFragmentCount0BadFragmentNumber0 BadSequenceNumber726TimerFailure0
To show the IPX filters, use the show ipx filter command.
SHow IPX FIlterNone
System or profile mode
In profile mode, this command displays IPX filters for the profile. In system mode, this command displays IPX filters for all profiles.
The following example shows the IPX filter:
Host> show ipx filter IDFunctionTypeActionAddresses ------------------------------------------------ 1INPUTSAPACCEPTType:1-20Socket:451+ 2INPUTSAPBLOCKType:30
set ipx filter
reset ipx filter
To display the current snapshot parameters, use the show ipx rip snapshot command.
SHow IPX RIp SNapshot [ALl]
ALl | Displays current snapshot parameters for all profiles. |
None
System or profile mode
The following example shows the output from the show ipx rip snapshot command:
Host> show ipx rip snapshot Host> Host> show ipx rip snapshot ProfileSnapshotActiveQuietUpdateState ------------------------------------------------------------------- LANNONE00OFF 3274SERVER50ONQUIET goldCLIENT53ONQUIET
Table 7-4 describes snapshot parameters field descriptions.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
Profile | The profile to which the parameters apply. |
Snapshot | Specifies whether snapshot is Off (none) or is acting as a client or a server for this connection. |
Active | The active period in minutes. |
Quiet | The quiet period in minutes. |
Update | Can be On or Off. Update On configures the client or server to send routing information as soon as it enters the active period. Update Off configures the client or server to wait for the periodic update to send the routing information after it enters the active period. |
State | There are four states: pre-active, active, post-active, and quiet. |
To display the value set for the default IPX routes, use the show ipx route command.
SHow IPX ROute [ALl]
ALl | Displays IPX routing tables for all profiles. |
None
System or profile mode
The following example shows the output from the show ipx route command used in system mode:
Host> show ipx route 246 IPX Routes DestinationGatewayConnHopsTimeFlags ------------------------------------------------------------ C0A82108C0A86400:0C61E701INT10173 C0A821C0C0A86400:0C61E701INT9173 011300C0A86400:0C61E701INT8113 7240C0A86400:0C61E701INT8113 7568C0A86400:0C61E701INT8103 960130C0A86400:0C5FDB01INT9123 941128C0A86400:0C5FDB01INT11143 7040C0A86400:0C5FDB01INT8103 7060C0A86400:0C5FDB01INT8103 7528C0A86400:0C61E701INT8103 7578C0A86400:0C61E701INT8103 7560C0A86400:0C61E701INT8103
Table 7-5 shows the fields displayed with the show ipx route command.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
Destination | Route's destination network address. |
Gateway | Route's next hop. |
Conn | Route's connection number assigned by the router when the connection is established. |
Hops | Number of routers to the destination network. |
Time | Number of ticks to the destination network. |
Flags | Internal flags (used for troubleshooting). |
To display IPX SAP information, use the show ipx service command.
SHow IPX SErvice ALl
ALl | Displays IPX routing service for all profiles. |
None
System or profile mode
If the show ipx service command is entered in profile mode, enter all. If the show ipx service command is issued in system mode, do not enter all.
The following example is an output from the show ipx service command in system mode:
Host> show ipx service all TypeConnHopsTimeAddressName ------------------------------------------------------ 4LAN40AB455F4C:01:0451ABU-ENG 4LAN40AB455F4A:01:0451ABU-BKUP 4LAN6032595D76:01:0451ARUN-SVR 4LAN602F759A7F:01:0451CS_LAB_1 4LAN70A12CC033:01:0451CONE 4LAN70A12CC034:01:0451CRIPPEN 4LAN70960130:01:0451CASCADE 4LAN70A12CC016:01:0451CRASH2 4LAN70ABCD:01:0451FS3 4LAN70941128:01:0451FINANCE 4LAN70101112:01:0451FS2 4LAN70A12C4800:08002B30948B:0451GOONEY 4LAN70931118:01:0451HOBO 4LAN802FB3AA75:01:0451HRIS 4LAN70A12C4800:F802517D:0451HQ 4LAN6030E9DF65:01:0451IJLAB41 <Q> and <enter> to Quit or <enter> for MORE
Table 7-6 shows the fields displayed by the show ipx service command.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
Type | IPX service type. |
Conn | Connection number (assigned by the router) of the service route. |
Hops | Number of routers to the service. |
Time | Time (in ticks) to the service. |
Address | Network and node address of the service. |
Name | Service name. |
To display IPX, IPX RIP, and IPX SAP statistics, use the show ipx statistics command.
SHow IPX STatisticsThis command has no arguments or keywords.
None
System mode
The following example shows the output from the show ipx statistics command:
Host> show ipx statistics IPX Statistics InputPacketsTotal20594OutputPackets13021 PacketsForwarded3OutputErrors0 PacketsNoRoute364BadNetBIOSPackets0 PacketsDropped636PacketHopsExceeded0 PacketsFiltered0PacketsTooShort0 InputPackets:SAP:16183RIP:2558IPX:0SPX:0 NCP:0NETBIOS:850IPXWAN:0RIPInputRequests63OutputRequests0 RIPInputResponses2384OutputResponses145 RIPPacketsFiltered0PacketsTooShort0 SAPInputPackets16189SAPOutputPackets0 SAPPacketsFiltered0SAPPacketsTooShort0 SAPTableEntries154LockFailed0 SAPEntriesAdded522ServiceDownEntries368 SAPEntriesModified193EntriesTimedOut0
Posted: Thu Jul 8 12:47:03 PDT 1999
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